陕西金粟山中奥陶统生物扰动构造与古环境分析

费安玮; 张忠涛

陕西金粟山中奥陶统生物扰动构造与古环境分析

石油大学资源与信息学院, 北京 102249

基金项目: 中国石油天然气总公司勘探研究项目“鄂尔多斯盆地天然气勘探新方向和目标评价”; 石油大学(北京)科研基金项目

详细信息

作者简介:
费安玮(1947-), 女, 副教授, 1990年毕业于北京师范大学古地理学专业, 获博士学位, 主要从事古生物学与地层学教学和研究

中图分类号: P53
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2002-08-31
- 刊出日期: 2002-11-25

Bioturbation Structures and Paleoenvironment Analysis of the Middle Ordovician at Jinsushan, Shaanxi

Resources and Information Institute, University ofPetroleum, Beijing 102249

摘要

摘要: 首次在鄂尔多斯盆地南缘陕西金粟山中奥陶统峰峰组八陡段与金粟山组第一段发现遗迹化石及其生物扰动构造.该地区中奥陶统含大量无法鉴定遗迹属种的生物扰动构造并产丰富的叠层石.分析、概括了生物扰动构造的分布及其特征, 采用生物扰动构造半定量分析方法并结合叠层石及沉积学研究对各组段古环境进行了解释, 进而认为: 中奥陶世自峰峰组八陡段到金粟山组第一段沉积期, 本区经历了3次由叠层石发育的潮坪环境到开阔台地浅海低能环境的古地理演变, 即海平面发生了3次较大的升降过程.
- 生物扰动构造 /
- 古环境 /
- 中奥陶统 /
- 金粟山 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: Trace fossils and bioturbation structures were first discovered from the Middle Ordovician Badou Member of Fengfeng Formation and the Member 1 of Jinsushan Formation at Jinsushan, Shaanxi Province, sourthern margin of Ordos basin, where plentiful bioturbation structures are composed of unidentified species and genera and abundant stromatolites. The analysis of the characteristics and distribution of bioturbation structures, with stromatolites and sedimentology research and a method of semi-quantitative analysis for bioturbation structures enabled the authors to explain paleoenvironments of related formations. They suggest that there were three times of paleoenvironmental changes from the stromatolite-developing tidal flat to low energy open platform shallow sea enviroments, that is, three larger-scale fluctuations of sea level, during the Middle Ordovician Badou Member of Fengfeng Formation to the Member 1 of Jinsushan Formation.
- bioturbation structure /
- paleoenvironment /
- Middle Ordovician /
- Jinsushan /
- Ordos basin

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图 1 陕西金粟山中奥陶统生物扰动指数曲线与古环境分析综合柱状图

1.灰岩; 2.球粒灰岩; 3.砂屑灰岩; 4.泥质灰岩; 5.云斑灰岩; 6.云斑质灰岩; 7.含云斑灰岩; 8.含白云质灰岩; 9.凝块灰岩; 10.含砂屑含云斑灰岩; 11.砾屑灰岩; 12.准同生白云岩; 13.准同生后白云岩; 14.含泥白云岩; 15.泥质白云岩; 16.叠层石白云岩; 17.灰斑白云岩; 18.含灰斑白云岩; 19.斑状白云岩; 20.含生屑斑状白云岩; 21.灰质白云岩; 22.砾屑白云岩; 23.含灰含鲕粒砂屑白云岩; 24.砂屑质白云岩; 25.钙质泥岩; 26.浪成波痕; 27.缝合线; 28.硅质条带; 29.鸟眼构造; 30.水平纹理; 31.硅质团块; 32.Planolites; 33.Chondrites; 34.介形类; 35.海百合; 36.苔藓虫; 37.腕足类; 38.三叶虫; 39.牙形石; 40.棘皮类; 41.钙球

Fig. 1. Synthetic column of bioturbation index curve and paleoenvironmental analysis in the Middle Ordovician at Jinsu-shan, Shaanxi

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图 2 陕西金粟山中奥陶统生物扰动指数直方图

Fig. 2. Histogram of bioturbation index in the Middle Ordovician at Jinsushan, Shaanxi

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图 3 灰斑白云岩层面上的遗迹化石

图中含可鉴定遗迹Chondrites sp. indet; 金粟山组第一段(B—13层); 野外照片, 照片中硬币直径为2 cm

Fig. 3. Trace fossils on the bedding plane of the mottled dolomite

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图 4 经生物扰动部分(暗色) 与未扰动部分(浅色) 相间顺层呈条带状分布的斑状白云岩; 金粟山组第一段(B—14层); 野外照片

Fig. 4. Cross section of the mottled dolomite in the Member 1 of Jinsushan Formation (B-14 beds) showing the banding distribution of bioturbated parts (in dark color) and unbioturbated parts (in light color) along bedding plane; field photograph

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图 5 具轻微的生物扰动构造叠层石Stratifera

叠层石Stratifera, 具轻微的生物扰动构造(左上角), 潜穴形态不规则, 斜穿藻纹层, 含有机质较多而色暗; 峰峰组八陡段(A—6层).标本号JA—6—1a

Fig. 5. Stromatolite Stratifera with slight bioturbate texture in the Badou Member of Fengfeng Formation

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图 6 叠层石Gymnosolen

金粟山组第一段(C—9层), 标本号JC—9—2

Fig. 6. Stromatolite Gymnosolen in the Member 1 of Jinsushan Formation

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图 7 具粒序层理砾屑白云岩

金粟山组第一段(C—9层), 野外照片

Fig. 7. Dolorudite with graded bedding in the Member 1 of Jinsushan Formation

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表 1 生物扰动指数划分方案^[13]

Table 1. Grades of bioturbation index^[13]

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