青藏高原隆升机制新模式

李德威

青藏高原隆升机制新模式

李德威

中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

中国地质调查局"1∶25万定结幅、陈塘区幅(国内部分) 区域地质调查"项目 20001300009231

详细信息

作者简介:
李德威(1962 -), 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 从事地质构造和深部构造的教学和研究.E-mail: dewei89@163.com

中图分类号: P542
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2003-05-15
- 刊出日期: 2003-11-25

A New Model for Uplifting Mechanism of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

LI De-wei

Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 作为创建大陆动力学理论体系的最佳野外实验室的青藏高原, 涉及当代固体地球科学前沿和热点的许多重大科学问题.迄今为止, 包括板块构造在内的众多模式不能合理地解释青藏高原重要的地质和地球物理现象.本文从下地壳与中上地壳、造山带与沉积盆地的耦合作用出发, 对青藏高原及邻区进行分尺度、分层块、分阶段的构造解析, 提出青藏高原隆升的下地壳层流构造模式, 认为青藏高原地壳增厚和构造隆升是晚新生代由于锡瓦利克盆地、塔里木盆地和四川盆地下地壳的热软化岩石大量流向青藏高原造成的.
- 隆升机制 /
- 下地壳 /
- 层流构造 /
- 大陆动力学 /
- 青藏高原
Abstract: The Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the best field laboratory for continental dynamics, involves many scientific problems in the frontiers and hotspots of modern earth sciences. Up to now, a lot of models including plate tectonics cannot rationally explain key geological and geophysical phenomena related formation and evolution of the plateau. According to a new idea involving coupling between the lower crust and upper crust, orogens and basins, this paper approaches the lower crust laminar tectonic model for uplifting mechanism of Qinghai-Tibet plateau by tectonic analysis of different scales, levels and blocks, multistage evolution. The crustal thicking and tectonic uplift of Qinghai-Tibet plateau result from the thermal softening rocks in the lower crust flow from the Himalayan foreland basin, Tarim basin and Sichuan basin to the plateau during Late Cenozoic era.
- uplifting mechanism /
- lower crust /
- laminar tectonics /
- continental dynamics /
- Qinghai-Tibet plateau

HTML全文

图 1 青藏高原构造略图

S₁.南昆仑蛇绿岩带; S₂.拉竹龙-金沙江蛇绿岩带; S₃.班公湖-怒江蛇绿岩带; S₄.雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩; F₁.主边缘逆冲断层; F₂.Sagaing走滑断层; F₃.喀喇昆仑走滑断层; F₄.西昆仑走滑断层; F₅.帕米尔逆冲断层; F₆.西昆仑北缘逆冲断层; F₇.阿尔金走滑断层; F₈.柴南缘逆冲断层; F₉.柴北缘逆冲断层; F₁₀.祁连山逆冲断层; F₁₁.东昆仑走滑断层; F₁₂.龙门山逆冲断层; F₁₃.鲜水河-红河走滑断层

Fig. 1. Simplified tectonic map of Qinghai-Tibet plateau

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图 2 青藏高原震源深度^[12]

Fig. 2. Focal depth of Qinghai-Tibet plateau^[12]

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图 3 青藏高原与周边沉积盆地的耦合关系

F₁.主边缘逆冲断层; F₂.Chamam走滑断层; F₃.Sagaing走滑断层; F₄.喀喇昆仑走滑断层; F₅.西昆仑走滑断层; F₆.帕米尔逆冲断层; F₇.西昆仑北缘逆冲断层; F₈.阿尔金走滑断层; F₉.东昆仑走滑断层; F₁₀.柴南缘逆冲断层; F₁₁.柴北缘逆冲断层; F₁₂.祁连山逆冲断层; F₁₃.龙门山逆冲断层; F₁₄.鲜水河-红河走滑断层

Fig. 3. Coupling relationship between Qinghai-Tibet plateau and surrounding basins

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图 4 青藏高原隆升的层流构造模式

1.陆相碎屑岩; 2.磨拉石建造; 3.花岗岩; 4.蛇绿岩; 5.上地壳; 6.中地壳; 7.粘塑性下地壳; 8.部分熔融; 9.逆冲断层; 10.正断层和拆离断层; 11.下地壳层流方向

Fig. 4. Laminar tectonic model for uplift of Qinghai-Tibet plateau

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