Uplift and Exhumation during Mesozoic in Halaguole-Hatu Area, East Segment of Eastern Kunlun Mountains : Evidence from Zircon and Apatite Fission-Track Ages
-
摘要: 根据对东昆仑地区东段哈拉郭勒—哈图一带不同高度基岩的系列锆石裂变径迹年龄分析, 结合磷灰石裂变径迹年龄分析和中酸性侵入岩角闪石压力计分析揭示了东昆仑东段中生代的岩石隆升剥露冷却历史.巴隆哈图一带中酸性侵入岩角闪石压力计分析结果反映晚海西—印支期以来的总体剥露幅度约8~9km, 早二叠世至晚三叠世初剥蚀作用极为缓慢, 大约为20~40m/Ma.不同高程样品的锆石裂变径迹年龄分析结果揭示了东昆仑地区东段在中晚侏罗世处于缓慢的岩石隆升剥露阶段, 其中中侏罗世相对较快, 抬升速率77~88m/Ma, 晚侏罗世相对较慢, 抬升速率小于37m/Ma, 且呈减慢趋势, 这种减慢趋势反映了早中侏罗世之交强构造抬升期后的逐渐衰退.锆石裂变径迹—磷灰石裂变径迹年龄分析结果反映了中侏罗世以来的剥蚀速率一般不超过55m/Ma, 岩石的剥蚀速率与岩石的抬升速率基本为同一量级, 中侏罗世—白垩纪剥蚀作用与岩石抬升作用基本处于平衡状态.
-
关键词:
- 东昆仑东段 /
- 中生代 /
- 隆升剥露 /
- 锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹年代学
Abstract: This paper discusses the uplift and exhumation processes during Mesozoic in Halaguole-Hatu area, east segment of the eastern Kunlun, by dating the zircon and apatite fission-track ages and geobarometer analysis of the hornblende of intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks. The geobarometer analysis of the hornblende of intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks in Hatu area illustrates that the total exhumation range is about 8-9 km since the Late Hercynian-Indosinian, which happened vey slowly, about (20-) 40 m/Ma, from the Early Permian to the early stage of the Late Triassic. While the zircon fission-tract age dating of the samples from different elevations reveals a slow uplift process during the Middle and Late Jurassic. The uplift rate in the Middle Jurassic, 77-88 m/Ma, is correspondingly faster than that in the Late Jurassic, less than 37 m/Ma. This slowing down tendency reflects the gradual decay of the intensive uplift at the boundary time of the Early and Middle Jurassic. The zircon and apatite fission-track age pairs show the exhumation rate is normally less than 55 m/Ma since the Middle Jurassic. Meanwhile, the rock exhumation rate is basically at the same quantity grade as that of its uplift rate, implying that its exhumation and uplifting were in equilibrium on the whole. -
图 1 东昆仑东段诺木洪郭勒—哈拉郭勒—哈图一带地质简图
1.第四系; 2.新第三纪曲果组; 3.第三纪沱沱河组; 4.早侏罗世羊曲组; 5.晚三叠世八宝山组; 6.早中三叠世洪水川组、闹仓坚沟组; 7.晚二叠世格曲组; 8.早中二叠世树维门科组; 9.早中二叠世马尔争组; 10.石炭纪—二叠纪哈拉郭勒组、浩特洛洼组; 11.泥盆纪牦牛山组; 12.奥陶纪-志留纪纳赤台群; 13.中元古代狼牙山组; 14.古中元古代苦海杂岩; 15.中元古代小庙岩群; 16.古元古代白沙河岩群; 17.印支期花岗闪长岩; 18.海西期钾长花岗岩; 19.海西期似斑状二长花岗岩; 20.海西期二长花岗岩; 21.海西期石英闪长岩; 22.海西期闪长岩; 23.加里东期二长花岗岩; 24.加里东期花岗闪长岩; 25.加里东期石英闪长岩; 26.加里东期辉石闪长岩; 27.推覆构造; 28.逆断层及产状; 29.正断层及产状; 30.平移断层; 31.性质不明断层; 32.韧性剪切带; 33.样品位置
Fig. 1. Geological sketch map in Nuomuhongguole-Halaguole-Hatu area, eastern Kunlun
图 2 哈图一带中酸性侵入岩体n(Ti)-n(Si)图解
A.酸性岩浆结晶的角闪石; B.深源捕虏晶; C.次生交代角闪石
Fig. 2. n(Ti)-n(Si) diagram of the intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks in Hatu area
图 3 哈图一带侵入岩(a)、哈拉郭勒沟南侧三叠纪碎屑岩及火山岩(b) 中锆石裂变径迹年龄随高程的变化
Fig. 3. Diagram showing the relationship between zircon fission track ages of the pluton and the sample elevation in Hatu area (a), the Triassic clastic rocks or volcanic rocks and the sample elevation in Halaguole area(b)
表 1 研究区不同高程基岩锆石裂变径迹年龄测试结果
Table 1. Results of zircon fission track age dating in Hatu and Halaguole area, eastern Kunlun Mountains
表 2 哈图一带不同高程基岩磷灰石裂变径迹年龄测试结果
Table 2. Results of apatite fission track age dating in Hatu and Halaguole area, eastern Kunlun Mountains
表 3 哈图一带中酸性侵入岩中角闪石全铝压力计算结果
Table 3. Geobarometer calculating of the hornblende of the intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks in Hatu area, Eastern Kunlun Mountains
-
[1] 崔之久, 高全洲, 刘耕年, 等. 夷平面、古岩溶与青藏高原隆升[J]. 中国科学(D辑), 1996, 26 (4): 378-386. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK199604014.htmCUI Z J, GAO Q Z, LIU G N, et al. Planation surfaces, palaeokarst and uplift of Xizang (Tibet) plateau[J]. Science in China (Series D), 1996, 26 (4): 378-386. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK199604014.htm [2] 崔之久, 伍永秋, 刘耕年, 等. 关于"昆仑-黄河运动"[J]. 中国科学(D辑), 1998, 28 (1): 53-59. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-9267.1998.01.007CUI Z J, WU Y Q, LIU G N, et al. On Kunlun-Yellow River tectonic movement[J]. Science in China (Series D), 1998, 28 (1): 53-59. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-9267.1998.01.007 [3] 施雅风, 李吉均, 李炳元, 等. 晚新生代青藏高原的隆升与东亚环境变化[J]. 地理学报, 1999, 54 (1): 10-54. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DLXB901.001.htmSHI Y F, LI J J, LI B Y, et al. Uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) plateau and east Asia environmental change during Late Cenozoic[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1999, 54 (1): 10-54. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DLXB901.001.htm [4] 李吉均, 方小敏, 马海州, 等. 晚新生代黄河上游地貌演化与青藏高原隆起[J]. 中国科学(D辑), 1996, 26 (4): 316-322. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-9267.1996.04.005LI J J, FANG X M, MA H Z, et al. Geomorphological and environmental evolution in the upper reaches of the Yellow River during the Late Cenozoic[J]. Science in China (Series D), 1996, 26 (4): 316-322. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-9267.1996.04.005 [5] 李长安, 殷鸿福, 于庆文. 东昆仑山构造隆升与水系演化及其发展趋势[J]. 科学通报, 1999, 44 (2): 211-213. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.1999.02.023LI C A, YIN H F, YU Q W. Evolution of drainage systems and its development trend in connection with tectonic uplift of eastern Kunlun Mt[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1999, 44 (2): 211-213. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.1999.02.023 [6] 王国灿, 侯光久, 张克信, 等. 东昆仑东段中更新世以来的成山作用及其动力转换[J]. 地球科学———中国地质大学学报, 2002, 27 (1): 4-12. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200201001.htmWANG G C, HOU G J, ZHANG K X, et al. Mountain building and its dynamic transition since Middle Pleistocene in the east of eastern Kunlun, northeast Tibetan plateau[J]. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2002, 27 (1): 4-12. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200201001.htm [7] Mock C, Arnaud N O, Cantagrel J M. An early unroofing in northeastern Tibet?Constraints from 40Ar/39Ar thermo-chronology on granitoids from the eastern Kunlun range (Qinghai, NW China)[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letter, 1999, 171: 107-122. doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00133-8 [8] 王国灿. 沉积物源区剥露历史分析的一种新途径———碎屑锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹热年代学[J]. 地质科技情报, 2002, 21 (4): 35-40. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKQ200204007.htmWANG G C. A new approach to determine the exhumation history of the sediment provenance—Detrital zircon and apatite fission-track thermochronology[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2002, 21 (4): 35-40. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKQ200204007.htm [9] Garver J I, Brandon M T, Roden-Tice M, et al. Exhumation history of orogenic highlands determined by detrital fission-track thermochronology[A]. In: Ring U, Brandon M T, Willett S, et al, eds. Exhumation processes: Normal faulting, ductile flow and erosion[C]. London: Geological Society of London Special Publication, 1999, 154: 283-304. [10] Brandon M T. Probability density piot for fission-track grainage samples[J]. Radiation Measurements, 1996, 26 (5): 663-676. [11] Bernet M, Zattin M, Garver J I, et al. Steady state exhumation of the European Alps[J]. Geology, 2001, 29 (1): 35-38. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0035:SSEOTE>2.0.CO;2 [12] Johnson M C, Rutherford M J. Experimental calibration of the aluminam-in-hornblende geobarometer with application to Long Valley Caldera (California) volcanic rocks[J]. Geology, 1989, 17: 837-841. [13] 马昌前, 杨坤光, 唐仲华, 等. 花岗岩类岩浆动力学———理论方法及鄂东花岗岩类例析[M]. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社, 1994.169-175MA C Q, YANG K G, TANG Z H, et al. Magma-dynamics of granitoids—Theory, method and a case study of the eastern Hubei granitoids[M]. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press, 1994.169-175. -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3956
- HTML全文浏览量: 481
- PDF下载量: 13
- 被引次数: 0
