黄土剖面古土壤和生物化石<sup>14</sup>C测年对比

杨明生; 张虎才; 丁虎; 雷国良; 樊红芳; 常凤琴; 李斌; 张文翔; 牛洁; 陈玥

黄土剖面古土壤和生物化石¹⁴C测年对比

1.
中国西部环境教育部重点实验室、兰州大学资源环境学院，甘肃兰州 730000
2.
中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所，江苏南京 210008
3.
中国科学院研究生院，北京 100039

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 40371117

中国科学院“百人计划”; 中国科学院西安地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室基金项目 SKLLQG0514

详细信息

作者简介:
杨明生(1976-)，男，兰州大学资源环境学院自然地理专业环境变化方向硕博连读研究生.E-mail：yanggyb03@st.lzu.edu.en

中图分类号: P53
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2005-05-17
- 刊出日期: 2005-09-25

¹⁴C Dating of Paleosol and Animal Remains in Loess Deposit: A Comparative Study

1.
National Laboratory of Western China'S Environmental Systems, MOE; College of Earth Sciences and Environments, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2.
Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Nanjing 210008, China
3.
Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BeOing 100039, China

摘要

摘要: 精确、可靠测定古土壤和生物化石年代是重建环境变化过程、探讨人地关系的关键.研究古土壤中不同组分年代的异同对于分析土壤中碳附存状态和碳储存库十分重要.对甘肃省榆中县境内兴隆山典型黄土剖面采集的动物化石、土壤无机质、土壤有机质3个样品进行常规¹⁴C和AMS测年, 发现同一地层相同点样品不同组分的测年结果相差悬殊, 样品无机质比其有机质年龄(3682±70) a偏老2624a.对其¹⁴C测年可靠性对比分析发现, 常规¹⁴C和AMS对骨骼和牙齿化石测年相差仅为13a, 校正为日历年后几乎相等, 认为实验室产生的误差很小, 而碳的来源、组成及其“死碳”混入的比例是影响测年结果的主要因素.化石年龄与土壤有机质年龄之间的差别, 揭示该剖面可能存在持续时间达千年以上的沉积间断.由于同一层位骨化石、土壤有机质、土壤无机质¹⁴C测年结果差异, 在进行化石年代确定、考古及古文明研究、生态植被恢复、土壤无机碳存储库研究中, 年龄的界定应选择相应的测年数据.
- 黄土及古土壤 /
- 生物化石 /
- 有机质 /
- 无机质 /
- 常规¹⁴C及AMS测年
Abstract: Dating paleosol and animal remains accurately and reliably is of crucial importance in reconstructing environmental change processes and researching the relationship between natural environments and human evolution. Dating different components in the same specimen and differentiating their ages is also important for tackling problems such as carbon storage state and soil carbon sources. Conventional ¹⁴C and AMS dating on animal remains (fossil bone and teeth) and inorganic and organic soil matter from a typical loess section at Xinglong Mountain, Yuzhong County, Gansu Province reveal that three different substances in the specimen from the same sampling position possess different ¹⁴C ages: the age of inorganic matter is 2 624 years older than that of organic matter, which is dated at (3 682±70) a. According to the reliability analysis of these ¹⁴C ages, laboratory error is negligible, but the ¹⁴C resources, the component of ¹⁴C and the proportion of "dead carbon" are the main factors influencing ¹⁴C dating results. It is only possible to date the geological events correctly and reliably by analyzing the reasons generating these differences and the age comparison of different substances may provide information on paleoclimate and paleoenvironment. A 2 000 year difference between the ¹⁴C ages of fossil and organic soil matter might indicate that a sediment gap exists, which is very important when reconstructing paleoclimate by loess section.
- loess and paleaosol /
- animal remains /
- organic matter /
- inorganic matter /
- conventional ¹⁴C and AMS dating

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图 1 剖面位置(单位: m)

Fig. 1. Location of studied section

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图 2 样品胡敏素和胡敏酸提取流程(刘嘉麒等, 1994)

Fig. 2. Humic and humic acid extraction procedures of the specimens

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图 3 剖面粒度实验结果及采样位置(阴影部分)

Fig. 3. Grain-size of studied section and sampling position

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图 4 黄土古土壤无机碳来源(a) 和有机碳来源(b)

Fig. 4. Sources of inorganic carbon (a) and source of organic carbon (b) in loess-paleaosol

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表 1 不同样品(组分)¹⁴C测年结果

Table 1. ¹⁴C dating result

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