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    大型油气系统形成的盆地动力学背景

    李思田

    李思田, 2004. 大型油气系统形成的盆地动力学背景. 地球科学, 29(5): 505-512.
    引用本文: 李思田, 2004. 大型油气系统形成的盆地动力学背景. 地球科学, 29(5): 505-512.
    LI Si-tian, 2004. Basin Geodynamics Background of Formation of Huge Petroleum Systems. Earth Science, 29(5): 505-512.
    Citation: LI Si-tian, 2004. Basin Geodynamics Background of Formation of Huge Petroleum Systems. Earth Science, 29(5): 505-512.

    大型油气系统形成的盆地动力学背景

    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学重点基金项目 40238059

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      李思田(1934-), 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事沉积盆地分析及其能源资源效应方面的教学和科研工作. E-mail: lisitian@263.net

    • 中图分类号: P618.13

    Basin Geodynamics Background of Formation of Huge Petroleum Systems

    • 摘要: 找寻大油气田的急迫任务带动了当今新一轮战略性、区域性的基础地质和石油地质研究.在盆地中识别富生烃凹陷及其所控制的油气系统具有关键意义.没有富生烃凹陷就没有大油气田赖以形成的首要基础.富生烃凹陷及大型油气系统的形成又有其特有的盆地动力学背景, 认识后者对前者的控制关系可提供战略性预测.渤海湾盆地作为中国东部陆上及海域伸展类盆地最重要也最典型的代表, 其数十年勘探和研究历程揭示了富生烃凹陷、大型油气系统和盆地动力学过程的内在联系.岩石圈伸展和裂陷的背景下, 盆地内隆坳分异的构造格架、快速沉降、高地温和异常高压系统提供了富生烃凹陷和大型油气系统形成的构造背景, 与古近系中晚期有利的古气候、古环境条件匹配形成了最有利生烃的超富养湖盆类型.根据多个富生烃凹陷的典型研究提出了大型油气系统形成的模式, 进一步分析了富生烃凹陷形成背景的多样性.值得指出的是, 目前所知西北地区大型叠合盆地中最重要的富生油凹陷, 如准噶尔盆地的二叠纪中央凹陷、塔里木盆地的满加尔凹陷可能都形成于伸展和裂陷背景下, 中新生代则以挤压、挠曲占优势.提出用当代盆地动力学和油气系统的思路与方法重新认识含油气盆地及其油气系统演化的动力过程, 进行新一轮基础性、区域性研究, 为发现新领域、找寻大油气田提供地质理论基础.

       

    • 图  1  渤海湾盆地构造格架、富生烃凹陷与油气系统分布关系

      本图的编制: 陆上部分参阅了池英柳(1997)翟光明等(2002)谯汉生等(2003); 渤海部分参阅了龚再升(2001)邓运华(2003)等中国海洋石油系统的研究成果

      Fig.  1.  Relationship between tectonic framework, hydrcarbon-rich depression and petroleum system

      图  2  渤海湾盆地富生烃凹陷中的油气系统形成模式——以东营凹陷为代表

      Fig.  2.  Forming model of petroleum system in hydrcarbon-rich depression, Bohaiwan basin taking Dongying depression as a case

      图  3  渤海晚期深沉降区大型油气系统的形成模式——以渤中凹陷为代表

      Fig.  3.  Forming model of large scale petroleum system in late deep subsidence area, Bohaiwan basin taking Bozhong depression as a case

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    • 收稿日期:  2004-06-12
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