Peridotitic Petrochemistry of the Eastern North China: Significance for Lithospheric Mantle Evolution
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摘要: 华北东部古生代以来火山岩中捕虏体橄榄岩和苏鲁早中生代构造侵位橄榄岩的岩石化学结果表明: 古生代金伯利岩侵位时仍然存在的难熔、漂浮克拉通地幔在中、新生代时其大部被新生饱满的岩石圈地幔物质取代置换.在100 Ma前(但不早于178 Ma), 新生软流圈物质就已开始沿古老岩石圈内的地幔薄弱带和岩石圈深断裂带对克拉通地幔进行侵蚀、交代和混合作用, 引起岩石圈大幅减薄.这一减薄存在时间、空间的不均匀性, 但在老第三纪达最大.新第三纪以来, 上涌的软流圈物质由于温度下降回落(岩石圈小幅增厚)并转化为新生岩石圈地幔, 实现地幔置换过程.分析的苏鲁造山带橄榄岩是早中生代构造侵位改造过的古老岩石圈地幔物质.Abstract: A petrochemical analysis was undertaken of peridotitic xenoliths in volcanic rocks that erupted from the Paleozoic to the Cenozoic within the eastern part of the North China craton, and the peridotites as tectonic intrusive in the Early Meso-zoic from the Sulu orogen. The results show that the cratonic mantle, which was refractory and existed when the kimberlites intruded in the Paleozoic, had almost been replaced by the newly accreted fertile lithospheric mantle during the Mesozoic-Ce-nozoic. The erosion, metasomatism and intermingling caused by the accreted asthenospheric material acting on the craton mantle along the weak zone and deep fault (such as the Tanlu fault) in the existing lithosphere resulted in the lithosphere thinning at a larger scale 100 Ma ago (but later than 178 Ma). The largest thinning would be in the Eogene. The upwelling asthenospheric material transformed into accreted lithospheric mantle due to the asthenospheric temperature falling in the Neogene (leading to relatively slight lithospheric incrassation), and finally accomplished mantle replacement. The peridotitic body in the Sulu orogen represents the products spread from the modified cratonic lithospheric mantle.
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Key words:
- peridotite /
- petrochemistry /
- mantle replacement /
- eastern North China
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图 2 橄榄岩CaO-Al2O3相关图
Kaapvaal低温橄榄岩, Boyd and Metrzman (1987), Cox et al.(1987), Nixon(1987); 大洋趋势, Boyd et al.(1997).其他数据来源: 蒙阴, 郑建平(1999); 信阳, 路凤香等(2003), Zheng et al.(2005b); 阜新, 许文良等(1999)及作者未发表资料; 鹤壁, Zheng et al.(2001); 山旺, Zheng et al.(1998); 东海, 李天福等(2003)
Fig. 2. Plots of CaO vs.Al2O3 of peridotites
图 3 橄榄岩Mg/Si-Mg#相关图
图中分区: Archon > 2.5 Ga; Tecton < 1.0 Ga (Griffin et al., 1999).其他数据来源同图 2
Fig. 3. Plots of Mg/Si vs.Mg#of peridotites
图 4 华北东部岩石圈减薄作用与地幔置换过程卡通图
古生代—早中生代: 岩石圈厚度大、地温低, 地幔组成复杂并有地幔交代富集带、剪切带和伟晶岩带等幔内薄弱带; 早中生代的扬子块体俯冲—碰撞作用, 特别是对其南部边缘进行了强烈的作用打破了华北原有的平衡, 部分地幔物质伴随扬子地壳物质的俯冲过程进入了俯冲并折返.晚中生代(早于100 Ma但不早于178 Ma)—老第三纪, 软流圈物质强烈上涌侵蚀古老岩石圈, 特别是中生代开始活动(Xu et al., 1987)的郯庐断裂带深切作用, 把古老岩石圈内业已经存在的薄弱带连通起来, 提供了新生软流圈物质不均匀上涌的通道, 由于不规则薄弱带通道导引着新生地幔物质运移并影响着上覆圈层的隆陷和资源的不均匀分布: 新第三纪以来, 上涌的软流圈(体)物质由于温度下降软流圈(体)回落并转化为新生岩石圈地幔
Fig. 4. Cartoon for the mantle replacement and lithospheric thinning in the eastern North China
表 1 代表性的华北东部地幔橄榄岩主元素分析结果
Table 1. Major element analyses of representational mantle peridotite in the easern North China
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