北方岩溶大泉地下水系统的圈划: 以太原盆地东西山地区为例

韩冬梅; 徐恒力; 梁杏

北方岩溶大泉地下水系统的圈划: 以太原盆地东西山地区为例

中国地质大学环境学院湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 200310400009

详细信息

作者简介:
韩冬梅(1978-), 女, 博士研究生, 水文学与水资源专业.E-mail：dmeihan@163.com

中图分类号: P641
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2006-03-12
- 刊出日期: 2006-11-25

Demarcation of Groundwater System of Big Karst Spring: A Case Study of Eastern and Western Mountain Areas, Taiyuan Basin

School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 运用地下水系统分析理论, 以山西省太原盆地东西山地区为实例, 利用GIS技术对区内岩溶大泉地下水系统进行了圈划.运用岩相古地理、地质构造和水文地质分析方法, 首次提取了研究区岩溶含水系统的区域隔水底板等高线、边山断裂两壁投影图及岩溶水系统图等定量或半定量水文地质信息, 圈划出了东西山岩溶水系统的局部饱水带、饱水带和碳酸盐岩非饱水带.研究结果表明, 西山地区兰村泉、晋祠泉属于同一个岩溶子系统; 西冶泉岩溶子系统是相对独立的岩溶水系统; 东山基岩山区大部分属于娘子关泉岩溶子系统, 且东山岩溶水子系统与盆地地下水有密切水力联系而与兰村泉-晋祠泉岩溶子系统无直接关系.这些为模拟盆地地下水系统和评价北方岩溶地下水资源提供重要的科学依据, 对前人就太原盆地边山岩溶水系统边界的确定和内部结构的划分提法有了新的认识.
- 岩溶水系统 /
- 圈划 /
- GIS /
- 太原盆地
Abstract: This paper takes the eastern and western mountain areas of Taiyuan basin, Shanxi Province as a case study. On the basis of groundwater system theory and geographic information system (GIS) technique, some quantitative or semiquantitative structural information was first extracted from lithofacies paleogeography, geology, tectonics and hydrogeology in the study area, including the isolines of the base of regional karst-water aquifers, the projective section of both the planes of a fault and the mapping of karst-water system. The distribution of karst aquifers, the stratum permeability, the boundary characteristics and the relationship between the internal and external system all serve the classification of the karst-water system as local zone of saturation, regional zone of saturation and zone of passage. The research results show that in the western mountain area, the subsystem of Lancun spring and that of Jinci spring belong to the same regional karst-water system, and the subsystem of Xiye spring is an independent karst-water system. The majority of eastern mountain area belongs to the subsystem of Niangziguan spring. The subsystem of the eastern mountain area closely related to the groundwater system in the Taiyuan basin has no direct relation with the subsytem of Lancun and Jinci springs. These scientific evidences can effectively be employed to simulate the groundwater system and to evaluate the karst-water resources in the Taiyuan basin. Meanwhile, some new viewpoints about the boundary and the internal structure of the karst-water system have been presented with the demarcation method in this study area.
- karst-water system /
- demarcation /
- geographic information system (GIS) /
- Taiyuan basin

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图 1 太原盆地东西山地区水文地质略图

1.第四系孔隙水; 2.石炭系至三叠系碎屑岩裂隙水; 3.中上寒武及中奥陶统灰岩裂隙岩溶水; 4.中下太古界火成岩、变质岩风化裂隙水; 5.岩溶大泉; 6.逆断层; 7.正断层; 8.推测断层; 9.背斜; 10.向斜; 11.水系

Fig. 1. Sketch map of the hydrogeology in the eastern and western mountain areas of Taiyuan basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 晋祠一带山前断裂两壁投影图

1.西盘地层界线及含水层时代; 2.东盘地层界线及含水层时代; 3.含水层与对盘含水层接触; 4.弱含水层与对盘含水层/弱含水层接触; 5.隔水层与对盘含水层/弱含水层/隔水层接触; 6.第四系相对隔水层与岩溶含水层接触; 7.正断层; 8.泉; 9.地下水水位

Fig. 2. Projective section of the both planes of the frontier fault around Jinci spring

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图 3 太原盆地东西山岩溶水系统圈划

1.正、逆断层; 2.区域隔水底板等高线及高程值; 3.地下水流向; 4.隔水底板隆起; 5.隔水底板凹陷; 6.泉; 7.透水边界; 8.半透水边界; 9.相对隔水边界; 10.零通量边界; 11.构造分水岭边界; 12.地下水分水岭; 13.岩溶水局部饱水带; 14.碳酸盐岩非饱水带; 15.岩溶水无压饱水带; 16.岩溶水承压饱水带; 17.火山岩、变质岩分布区; 18.太原盆地分布范围; 19.钻孔及其编号

Fig. 3. Demarcation map of the karst-water system in the eastern and western mountain areas of Taiyuan basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 太原西山地区原相图幅(1∶5万) 部分采集点的隔水底板高程计算结果

Table 1. Partial results of the elevation of the regional aquiclude inYuanxiang maparea (1∶50 000)

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