Preparation and Its Performance of Rectorite/Poly(Sodium Acrylate-Co-Acrylamide) Superabsorbent Composite
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摘要: 采用焙烧-磁选法、酸洗提纯法、煅烧法均能有效减少湖北钟祥累托石粘土中的黄铁矿.实验用累托石粘土中黄铁矿含量为4.37%, 硫含量为2.32%.采用焙烧磁选法, 温度300℃、时间2.0h、二次磁选后, 累托石粘土中硫含量降为0.52%;酸洗法, 酸液浓度60%、时间1.0h、温度60℃时, 硫含量为0.57%;煅烧法, 当温度550℃、时间为0.5h时, 硫含量为0.78%.研究发现所得粘土矿物对聚合复合法制备累托石/聚丙稀酰胺-丙烯酸(钠) 吸水保水复合材料的阻聚作用不明显, 且不影响后续聚合反应最高硫含量约为0.78%.在65~70℃反应条件下, 含煅烧累托石粘土20%、丙烯酰胺15%、引发剂0.25%、交联剂0.08%, 丙烯酸中和度为80%的吸水保水复合材料的吸去离子水倍率为870, 吸自来水倍率为250, 吸生理盐水倍率为68.累托石粘土添加量在0%~30%之间时, 吸水保水复合材料的吸液倍率比不含累托石的吸水树脂高.吸水保水复合材料吸液倍率从870g/g降到84g/g时, 凝胶强度从49g/cm2上升到235g/cm2.Abstract: The effect of three different types of purification processes (roasting-magnetic dressing, acid pickling and calcining) on the sulfur content of rectorite clay (pyrite content 4.37%, sulfur content 2.32%) was investigated. By roasting-magnetic dressing, the sulfur content was reduced to 0.52% when roasting at 300 ℃ for 2 h and magnetic dressing twice; By acid pickling, the sulfur content remained 0.57% under the condition of 60 ℃ and acid pickling for 1 h with 60% nitric acid solution; By calcining, 0.78% of sulfur was left if calcined for 0.5 h at 550 ℃. The experimental results indicate there is no obvious inhibition effect (corresponding maximal sulfur content 0.78%) when rectorite/poly (sodium acrylate-Co-acrylamide) is synthesized by in-situ aqueous solution polymerization with the purified rectorite clay as material. At 65-70 ℃, the water absorbencies (WA) of superabsorbent composite (containing 20% purified rectorite clay, 15% acrylamide, 0.25% initiator and 0.08% cross linker, with the neutralization degree of acrylic acid being 80%) in distilled water, tap water and 0.9% NaCl (aq) are 870, 250 and 68 respectively. When the content of rectorite is between 0%-30%, WA of superabsorbent composite is higher than that of superabsorbent resin that contains no rectorite. When WA of superabsorbent composite in distilled water is reduced from 870 g/g to 84 g/g, its gel strength rises from 49 g/cm2 to 235 g/cm2.
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Key words:
- rectorite /
- pyrite /
- purification /
- superabsorbent composite /
- preparation /
- performance
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图 1 交联剂用量(a)、丙烯酰胺用量(b)和中和度(c)对吸液倍率的影响
Fig. 1. Effect of cross linking agent (a), acrylamide (b) and neutralization degree of monomer (c) on water absorbency
图 2 引发剂用量(a)和累托石添加量(b)对吸液倍率的影响
Fig. 2. Effect of concentration of initiator (a) and concentration of rectorite (b) on water absorbency
表 1 先焙烧后磁选除黄铁矿的效果
Table 1. Effect of sulfur removed by roasting-magnetic dressing
表 2 酸洗法去黄铁矿实验结果
Table 2. Effects of sulfur removed by nitric acid pickling
表 3 不同锻烧条件下累托石粘土中硫含量
Table 3. Sulfur contents under different burned conditions
表 4 累托石粘土中硫含量对生成凝胶的影响
Table 4. Effect of sulfur content in rectorite on gel formation
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