东太平洋海隆9°~10°N热液烟囱体矿物成分、结构和形成条件

郑建斌; 曹志敏; 安伟

东太平洋海隆9°~10°N热液烟囱体矿物成分、结构和形成条件

1.
中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院, 山东青岛 266100
2.
中海石油环保服务有限公司, 天津 300452

基金项目:

国家重点基础研究(973) 项目 G2000078503

详细信息

作者简介:
郑建斌(1971-), 讲师, 海洋地质专业, 研究方向: 海洋矿产资源.E-mail: jbzheng@ouc.edu.cn

中图分类号: P736
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2007-01-28
- 刊出日期: 2008-02-25

Mineral Component, Texture and Forming Conditions of Hydrothermal Chimney on the East Pacific Rise 9°-10°N

1.
College of Marine Geo-science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
2.
China Of fshore Environmental Service Ltd., Tianjing 300452, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究东太平洋海隆9°~10°N热液活动特征, 采用成因矿物学方法, 通过矿相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析以及电子探针等手段, 对烟囱体矿物成分、结构和地球化学特征进行了研究.该区烟囱体硫化物矿物有3种矿物组合: (1) 硬石膏+白铁矿+黄铁矿; (2) 黄铁矿+闪锌矿+黄铜矿; (3) 黄铜矿+斑铜矿+蓝辉铜矿+铜蓝.成矿热液流体温度经历了低-高-低的变化, 最高温度可达到400℃以上.该热液烟囱为典型的“黑烟囱”类型, 早期硬石膏沉淀形成烟囱体的框架, 后期的金属硫化物在烟囱体内表面沉淀, 由烟囱壁向内形成了硬石膏-黄铁矿、多金属硫化物和黄铜矿及次生铜矿物的矿物分带.
- 热液活动 /
- 黑烟囱 /
- 矿物组合 /
- 出熔结构 /
- 成矿流体
Abstract: To characterize the hydrothermal processes of East Pacific rise at 9°-10°N, sulfide mineral compositions, textural and geochemical features of chimney ores were studied using ore microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis, and electron microprobe techniques.Resultsshow that there are three mineral assemblages for the hydrothermal chimney ores, namely: (1) anhydrite + marcasite + pyrite, (2) pyrite + sphalerite + chalcopyrite, and (3) chalcopyrite + bornite + digenite + covellite. Mineral assemblages, zonational features, and geochemical characteristics of the ore minerals indicate that ore fluid temperature changed from low to high then to low with a maximum temperature up to 400 ℃. The chimney is a typical black smoker. The initial structure of the chimney was formed by the precipitation of anhydrites, and later the sulfides began to precipitate in the inner wall.
- hydrothermal processes /
- black smoker /
- mineral assemblage /
- exsolution texture /
- ore fluid

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图 1 东太平洋海隆9°~10°N热液烟囱采样位置图(据Haymon et al., 1991)

Fig. 1. Location map of hydrothermal chimney at EPR 9°-10°N

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图 2 东太平洋海隆9°~10°N热液烟囱体矿物的带状分布

Fig. 2. Mineral zonation of hydrothermal chimney at EPR 9°-10°N

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图 3 东太平洋海隆9°~10°N热液烟囱体矿物结构显微照片

Fig. 3. Microphotograph of hydrothermal chimney minerals at EPR 9°-10°N

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图 4 东太平洋海隆9°~10°N热液烟囱矿物生成顺序

Fig. 4. Paragenetic sequence for hydrothermal chimney minerals at EPR 9°-10°N

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表 1 东太平洋海隆9°~10°N热液烟囱矿物电子探针分析结果(%)

Table 1. Result of electron microprobe analyses of hydrothermal chimney minerals at EPR 9°-10°N

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