降水入渗补给过程中优先流的确定

齐登红; 靳孟贵; 刘延锋

降水入渗补给过程中优先流的确定

齐登红^{1, 2,},
靳孟贵²,
刘延锋²

1.
河南省地质环境监测院, 河南郑州 450006
2.
中国地质大学环境学院, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 40472123

详细信息

作者简介:
齐登红(1960-), 男, 高级工程师, 博士, 主要从事水文地质、环境地质研究工作.E-mail: hnqdh@tom.com

中图分类号: P641
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2006-08-12
- 刊出日期: 2007-05-25

Determination of Preferential Flow in Precipitation Infiltration Recharge

1.
General Geo-environmental Monitoring Station of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450006, China
2.
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 优先流是降水、灌溉水等入渗补给地下水的主要形式之一, 流速快, 流动路径复杂, 难以定量描述.针对优先流难以定量描述的问题, 以郑州地中渗透仪观测资料为基础, 探讨了新乡亚砂土等试筒降水入渗过程及其中的优先流补给量比例.根据土壤的水力性质、气候等资料建立不存在优先流的数值模拟模型来刻画降水入渗补给过程, 通过模拟获得的地下水入渗补给量与实测地下水入渗补给量的历时曲线, 将大于模拟值的实测值视为优先流的量及确定其在总补给量中所占的比例.结果表明, 优先流占总补给量的比例在10%~80%之间; 随着土壤粘性增加, 优先流所占比例呈增加趋势; 随地下水位埋深的增大, 优先流所占比例呈逐渐下降趋势.
- 地中渗透仪 /
- 优先流 /
- 降水入渗补给 /
- 模拟模型
Abstract: Preferential flow is one of main forms of infiltration recharge from rainfall and irrigation to groundwater.It has the characteristics of rapid flow rate, complicated flow path and being very difficult to be quantified.To quantify the preferential flow in the infiltration recharge process and its percentage in total infiltration recharge, a new method has been developed based on the measured infiltration recharge of lysimeters in Zhengzhou Groundwater Balance Test Field.The numerical simulation model that can describe the piston flow in lysimeters by rechards equation was constructed and calibrated according to the soil hydraulic parameters, weather data and so on.The surplus part in the calculated flux can be regarded as the preferential flow because the preferential flow flows faster than piston flow and reaches groundwater earlier.By comparing the measured recharge flux and calculated recharge flux, the quantity of preferential flow and its percentage in total precipitation infiltration recharge can be determined.The preferential flow makes up 10%-80% in total precipitation infiltration recharge.The percentage is higher when the soil contains more clay, and the percentage is lower when the groundwater level is deeper.
- lysimeter /
- preferential flow /
- precipitation infiltration recharge /
- simulation modeling

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图 1 优先流模式与活塞式模式入渗曲线对比

Fig. 1. Recharge flux of preferential flow vs. piston flow

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图 2 模拟含水量与实测含水量对比曲线

Fig. 2. Curves of simulated soil moisture vs. measured soil moisture

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图 3 不同埋深模拟入渗流量与实测值对比

Fig. 3. Curves of simulated recharge flux vs. measured recharge flux in loam

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表 1 新乡亚砂土岩性颗粒分析资料

Table 1. Particle analysis of clayey loam in Xinxiang

表 2 识别后的新乡亚砂土水力参数值

Table 2. Calibrated parameters of loam in Xinxiang

表 3 不同埋深新乡亚砂土中优先流量

Table 3. Quantity of preferential flow in loam in Xinxiang

表 4 不同岩性试筒中优先流所占比例

Table 4. Percentages of preferential flow in total precipitation infiltration recharge

参考文献(14)

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