地球微生物过程与潜在烃源岩的形成: 钙质微生物岩

杨浩; 王永标; 陈林; 董曼

地球微生物过程与潜在烃源岩的形成: 钙质微生物岩

杨浩^1,,
王永标¹,
陈林¹,
董曼²

1.
中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
吉林大学古生物学与地层学研究中心, 吉林长春 130026

基金项目:

中国石油化工股份有限公司海相油气勘探前瞻性项目 G0800-06-ZS-319

国家自然科学基金项目 40572002

国家自然科学基金项目 40325004

国家自然科学基金项目 40232025

详细信息

作者简介:
杨浩(1979-), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事微生物岩及古海洋环境研究.E-mail: 2003yanghao@163.com

中图分类号: P736
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2007-08-23
- 刊出日期: 2007-11-25

Calci-Microbialite as a Kind of Potential Hydrocarbon Source Rock and Its Geomicrobiological Processes

1.
Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
The Center of Paleontology and Stratigraphy, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China

摘要

摘要: 钙质微生物岩是各种微生物生命活动引起的特殊的碳酸盐建造, 主要集中发育在前寒武纪及显生宙等重大地质转折期, 在我国华北及华南地区有着广泛的分布.微生物岩中大量微生物化石的存在反映当时的海洋具有很高的初级生产力.明显偏低的钼同位素值显示在前寒武纪相当长的时期里, 海洋底部处于缺氧状态.Th/U值的急剧降低和黄铁矿在浅水台地区的广泛出现显示二叠纪大绝灭后, 海洋环境也同样呈现缺氧的还原状态.高生产力和还原的沉积环境为生物有机质的埋藏及烃源岩的形成创造了条件.前寒武纪及晚泥盆世微生物岩中沥青的发现, 进一步增加了钙质微生物岩作为潜在碳酸盐型烃源岩的可能性.
- 钙质微生物岩 /
- 潜在烃源岩 /
- 地球微生物
Abstract: Calci-microbialite is a special carbonate buildup, formed due to the activities of different kinds of microbes. Most of microbialites were developed in Precambrian or at the great transitional stages in Phanerozoic. Widespread microbialites have been found both in North and South China. Abundant microfossils preserved in the microbialites show high-level productivity during deposition. The obviously lower value of Mo isotope shows that the seafloor is of anoxic condition during the long time of Precambrian. The sharp reduction of Th/U value as well as the wide spread pyrite in shallow carbonate platforms indicate that the ocean environment is anoxic after end-Permian mass extinction. High-level productivity and anoxic sedimentary environment favor the efficient preservation of organic matter and thus the formation of source rocks. Bitumen observed in many outcrops of Precambrian and Late Devonian microbialites further raises the possibility of calci-microbialite as a potential hydrocarbon source rock.
- calci-microbialite /
- potential hydrocarbon source rock /
- geomicrobes

HTML全文

图 1 重庆老龙洞二叠纪-三叠纪之交钙质微生物岩的“花斑状”构造, 照片中白色部分由微晶碳酸盐矿物所组成, 暗色部分由中粗晶碳酸盐矿物所组成

Fig. 1. "Graniphyic fabric" structure of the P/T boundary microbialites in Laolongdong section, Chongqing. The white part of the picture was composed of microlite carbonate minerals, the darkness composed of mid-coarse carbonate minerals

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图 2 晚泥盆世钙质微生物岩中的微生物化石

Fig. 2. Microfossils in Late Devonian calci-microbialite

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图 3 二叠纪-三叠纪之交钙质微生物岩中的微生物化石

Fig. 3. Microfossils in the calci-microbialite near the Permian-Triassic boundary

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图 4 广西晚泥盆世微生物岩中的沥青

Fig. 4. Remained bitumen found in the Late Devonian microbialites in Guangxi

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