Thermal Property of the Apatite Pseudomorphic Turquoise
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摘要: 绿松石的热性能分析在对其水的结构特征、呈色机理等的研究中具有重要指示作用.采用热重-差热分析(TG-DSC)、红外光谱(IR)和X-射线粉晶衍射(XRD) 分析方法, 对安徽马鞍山具磷灰石假象绿松石的热性能特征进行了研究.研究结果显示从室温到1100℃, 假象绿松石的热相变可划分为6个变化阶段: 100~200℃时, 为吸附水脱水阶段; 250~330℃, 假象绿松石中羟基和晶格水分子脱失; 330~750℃为非晶态物相阶段; 约750℃时为新物相形成阶段; 750~1100℃为具磷石英结构磷酸铝的形成阶段; 1100℃时磷酸铝的结晶有序度增加.假象绿松石结构及水的存在形式、总量和结合方式制约和影响着颜色的变化.Abstract: The study of the apatite pseudomorphic turquoise's thermal property plays a significant role in the investigation of the coloring mechanism and the structural characteristics of water in turquoise.In this paper, thermal property of the apatite pseudomorphic turquoise from Maanshan, Anhui Province, has been studied by using the thermogravimetric and thermal analysis (TG-DSC), infrared (IR) spectrum and X-ray powder (XRD) diffraction.From room temperature to 1 100 ℃, its thermal phase transformation can be divided into six stages: 100-200 ℃, the removal of the absorption water; 250-330 ℃, the release of the hydroxyl and lattice water; 330-750 ℃, the formation of non-crystalline structure; about 750 ℃, a new phase formed; 750-1 100 ℃, the generation of aluminum phosphate with tridymite structure, and 1 100 ℃, the degree of crystalline order of aluminum phosphate is improved.The color of pseudomorphic turquoise is controlled by the structure, the existence form and total amount of water, together with the binding mode of water molecules.
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Key words:
- apatite pseudomorphic turquoise /
- aluminum phosphate /
- thermal property
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图 4 假象绿松石的变温红外吸收光谱(b图谱局部放大)
Fig. 4. IR absorption spectra of pseudomorphic turquoise at different temperatures
图 5 假象绿松石在不同温度时热转变产物的X射线粉晶衍射图谱
Fig. 5. XRD patterns of the thermal transformation products of pseudomorphic turquoise at different temperatures
表 1 大王山矿区绿松石的宝石学特征
Table 1. Gemmology Features of turquoises in Dawangshan area
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