500000-Year Records of Carbonate and Organic Carbon from the Southern South China Sea and Implication for East Asian Summer Monsoon Evolution
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摘要: 为了解南海南部第四纪冰期旋回中表层生产力的变化与东亚夏季风的演化关系，通过对南海南部MD05-2897孔晚第四纪500ka以来碳酸钙和有机碳含量及堆积速率高分辨率的研究发现，碳酸钙含量及堆积速率表现出明显的冰期-间冰期旋回变化，而有机碳的含量及堆积速率则主要呈现频率更高的周期性变化.碳酸钙和有机碳含量及堆积速率都在间冰期时增加，冰期时降低，反映了间冰期时夏季风的增强导致上升流的加强和营养物质的增加，促使表层生产力提高.碳酸钙和有机碳含量及堆积速率具有100ka偏心率周期、40ka斜率周期、20ka岁差和10ka半岁差周期等最为丰富的频谱，显示出低纬海区对轨道周期响应的特色.碳酸钙和有机碳的堆积速率与北半球低纬夏季日射量吻合较好，说明岁差相关的北半球低纬夏季太阳辐射量的变化可能是东亚夏季风强度变化的主要控制因素，而与全球冰量相关的气候变化可能是次要因素.Abstract: In order to understand the relation between surface productivity changes and the evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon during the Quaternary glacial cycles in southern South China Sea, high-resolution study on content and accumulation rate of calcium carbonate and organic carbon of Core MD05-2897 were done to draw the conclusions as follows: the content and accumulation rate of calcium carbonate showed significant glacial-interglacial cycle change while organic carbon mainly showed a higher frequency of the periodic changes. Both of the content and the accumulation rate of calcium carbonate and organic carbon increased in the interglacial periods and decreased in the glacial periods, which reflects the enhancement of the summer monsoon in the interglacial periods caused the strengthening of the upwelling currents and the increase of nutrients, the surface productivity increased consequently. The most abundant spectrum periods of 100ka eccentricity, 40ka obliquity, 20ka precession and 10ka semi-precession indicate the characteristics of the low latitude sea areas responding to the orbital periods. The accumulation rate of calcium carbonate and organic carbon were in good agreement with summer insolation of low latitude in the Northern Hemisphere related to precession which may be the main controlling factor of East Asia summer monsoon changes, and climate changes related to the global ice volume is possibly the secondary controlling factor.
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图 1 MD05-2897孔的位置
图中实线黑箭头代表夏季风，虚线黑箭头代表冬季风；灰色虚线箭头表示夏季表层环流，灰色实线箭头表示冬季表层环流.100m等深线为冰期时海岸线的大致位置.图中还显示了珠江、红河、湄公河的流域和文中涉及的其他钻孔的位置，单位：m
Fig. 1. Location of Core MD05-2897. Black solid (dashed) arrows indicate summer (winter) monsoon
图 3 南海南部MD05-2897孔500ka以来浮游有孔虫氧同位素、碳酸钙和有机碳含量、有机碳堆积速率、碳酸钙堆积速率与北半球低纬夏季日射量的对比，夏季日射量为15°N7月的平均日辐射量(根据Laskar(1990)方案并运用Analyserie(Paillard et al., 1996)软件生成)
Fig. 3. Comparison between planktonic foraminifera δ18O, carbonate and organic carbon content, organic carbon MAR, carbonate MAR and the summer insolation of low latitude in the northern hemisphere over the past 500ka at core MD05-2897. The summer insolation refers to an average insolation during July at 15°N following the Laskar solution (Laskar, 1990), using the Analyserie software (Paillard et al., 1996)
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