The Periodicity of the Southwest Monsoon Revealed by the Magnetic Susceptibility of the Garzê A Loess-Paleosol Sequence Using EMD Method
-
摘要: 黄土磁化率可用以指示夏季风强度, 并已在中国风尘堆积的古气候演化周期研究中得到较好应用, 但迄今多集中于东南季风区.以青藏高原东南缘甘孜A黄土剖面磁性地层学研究为基础, 对1.16 Ma以来的磁化率记录进行经验模态分解(EMD), 探讨西南季风演化的多时间尺度周期性.结果表明: 偏心率、地轴倾斜、岁差的准周期成分在西南季风区黄土沉积中有明显反映, 指示西南季风的演化受天文因素控制; 出现岁差的拍频周期, 指示印度季风系统具有热带特征; 准200 ka周期是真实存在的, 但其成因机制需要进一步研究; 约400 ka周期波动, 可能对应理论值为准400 ka的偏心率长周期.西南季风演化的主要驱动因素可能是低纬太阳辐射.对于沉积记录的周期性研究来讲, 经验模态分解更切合实际, 它比传统谱分析方法有明显的优势和应用潜力.
-
关键词:
- 青藏高原 /
- 气侯变化 /
- 黄土 /
- 磁化率 /
- 经验模态分解(EMD)
Abstract: The magnetic susceptibility of loess as a proxy for the intensity of summer monsoon has be used to investigate the periodicity of paleoclimatic changes of aeolian deposits in China.However, previous studies focused most on the southeast monsoon areas. On the basis of magnetostratigraphic study of the Garzê A section on the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the magnetic susceptibility records during the past 1.16 Ma were subject to an empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to discuss the periodicity of the southwest monsoon evolution at various time scales. The results show that: (1) the significant orbital periodicities do exist including the eccentricity, obliquity and precession periods in our records, which indicates that the southwest monsoon is also controlled by the astronomical factors; (2) The beat frequency periods of the precession are detected, which shows the tropical climatic characteristics of the southwest monsoon; (3) the quasi-200 ka cycle is confirmed in existence but its forming mechanism needs further study; (4) the appearance of quasi-400 ka cycle fluctuation may correspond to quasi-400 ka eccentricity cycle. Therefore, the main forcing of Indian monsoon system may be the solar insolation at low latitude. As for the studies of paleoenvironment evolution of sedimentary records, EMD is superior and has more potentials than the traditional method of spectral analysis. -
图 2 甘孜A剖面黄土-古土壤序列及其磁化率和磁性地层
Fig. 2. Loess-paleosol sequence and variations in the magnetic susceptibility and paleomagnetic records of the Garzê A section
图 4 甘孜A剖面磁化率指标EMD分解获得的7个模态和1个趋势项
Fig. 4. 7 modes and a trend decomposed from susceptibility of the Garzê A section using EMD method
图 5 甘孜A剖面磁化率功率谱(BT法)
Fig. 5. Spectral analysis of the magnetic susceptibility variations of the Garzê A section
图 6 甘孜A剖面磁化率指标EMD分解的IMF1分量(a)与岁差理论值(b)的对比
Fig. 6. Susceptibility of the Garzê A section mode of IMF1 decomposed by EMD method (a) compared with orbital-precession (b)
图 7 甘孜A剖面磁化率指标EMD分解的IMF2分量
Fig. 7. Susceptibility of the Garzê A section mode of IMF2 using EMD method
图 8 甘孜A剖面磁化率指标EMD分解的IMF3分量(a)与偏心率短周期理论值的对比(b)
Fig. 8. Susceptibility of the Garzê A section mode of IMF3 decomposed by the EMD method (a) compared with orbital eccentricity (b)
-
An, Z.S., Porter, S., Kukla, G., 1990. Magnetic susceptibility evidence of monsoon variation on the Loess Plateau of Central China during the last 130 000 years. Chinese Science Bulletin, 35(7): 529-532 (in Chinese). doi: 10.1360/csb1990-35-7-529 Becquey, S., Gersonde, R., 2002. Past hydrographic and climatic changes in the subantarctic zone of the South Atlantic—the Pleistocene record from ODP site 1090. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 182(3-4): 221-239. doi: 10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00497-7 Berger, A.L., 1977. Support for the astronomical theory of climatic change. Nature, 269: 44-45. doi: 10.1038/26904400 Clemens, S., Prell, W., Murray, D., et al., 1991. Forcing mechanisms of the Indian Ocean monsoon. Nature, 353: 720-725. doi: 10.1038/353720a0 Clemens, S.C., Tiedemann, R., 1997. Eccentricity forcing of Pliocene-Early Pleistocene climate revealed in a marine oxygen-isotope record. Nature, 385: 801-804. doi: 10.1038/385801a0 Ding, Z.L., Yu, Z.W., 1995. Forcing mechanisms of paleomonsoons over East Asia. Quaternary Sciences, (1): 63-74 (in Chinese with English abstract). Fang, X.M., Chen, F.B., Shi, Y.F., et al., 1996. Ganzi loess and maximum glaciation on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Chinese Science Bulletin, 41(20): 1865-1867 (in Chinese). doi: 10.1360/csb1996-41-20-1865 Gao, F.J., Song, L.X., 2007. Research of a new multi-scale analysis method. Application of Electronic Technique, 33(9): 60-63 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZJY200709035.htm Huang, E.Q., Tian, J., 2007. Early Pliocene precession rhythm of African monsoon and Mediterranean Sea surface productivity. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 32(3): 313-321 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200703002.htm Jiang, F.C., Wu, X.H., Xiao, H.G., et al., 1997. The Ganzi loess stratigraphy in the West Sichuan Plateau. Acta Geoscientia Sinica, 18(4): 413-420 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQXB704.011.htm Jin, H.Y., Jian, Z.M., 2008. Comparision of climate changes between northern and southern South China Sea during the Mid-Pleistocene climate transition period. Quaternary Sciences, 28(3): 381-390 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DSJJ200803001.htm Kukla, G., Heller, F., Liu, X.M., et al., 1988. Pleistocene climates in China dated by magnetic susceptibility. Geology, 16(9): 811-814. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0811:PCICDB>2.3.CO Li, Q., Wu, J., Xu, Z.W., et al., 2007. Extracting of periodic components in the solar activity using EMD method. Chinese Journal of Space Science, 27(1): 1-6 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_chinese-journal-space-science_thesis/0201219845248.html Li, Q.Y., Tian, J., Wang, P.X., 2005. Recognizing the stratigraphic and paleoclimatic significance of eccentricity cycles. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 30(5): 519-528 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Qianyu_Li/publication/282297497_Recognizing_the_stratigraphic_and_paleoclimatic_significance_of_eccentricity_cycles/links/56962e1008aeab58a9a5d38f.pdf Lin, Z.S., Wang, S.G., 2004a. EMD Analysis of northern hemisphere temperature variability during last 4 centuries. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 20(1): 90-96 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/ http://search.cnki.net/down/default.aspx?filename=RDQX200401009&dbcode=CJFD&year=2004&dflag=pdfdown Lin, Z.S., Wang, S.G., 2004b. A study on the problem of 100 ka cycles of astroclimatology. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 47(6): 971-975 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/286324959_A_study_on_the_problem_of_100ka_cycles_of_astroclimatology Liu, H.S., Fang, N.Q., Ai, X.T., et al., 2005. Natural thermoluminescence characteristics of carbonate in deep sea cores. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 27(1): 78-83 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/ http://search.cnki.net/down/default.aspx?filename=SEAC20050100A&dbcode=CJFD&year=2005&dflag=pdfdown Pan, B.T., Wang, J.M., 1999. Loess record of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau monsoon variations in the eastern part of the plateau since the last interglacial. Quaternary Sciences, 4: 330-335 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DSJJ199904004.htm Qiao, Y.S., Liu, D.Y., Li, C.Z., et al., 2007. Magnetostratigraphy of a loess-soil sequence in the Garze area, western Sichuan. Journal of Geomechanics, 13(4): 289-296 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://search.cnki.net/down/default.aspx?filename=DZLX200704002&dbcode=CJFD&year=2007&dflag=pdfdown Qiao, Y.S., Zhao, Z.Z., Wang, Y., et al., 2006. Magnetostratigraphy and its paleoclimatic significance of a loess-soil sequence from Ganzi area, West Sichuan Plateau. Quaternary Sciences, 26(2): 250-256 (in Chinese with English abstract). Rutherford, S., Hondt, S.D., 2000. Early onset and tropical forcing of 100 000 year Pleistocene glacial cycles. Nature, 408: 72-75. doi: 10.1038/35040533 Sun, Y.B., Clemens, S.C., An, Z.S., et al., 2006. Astronomical timescale and palaeoclimatic implication of stacked 3.6 Myr monsoon records from the Chinese Loess Plateau. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25(1-2): 33-48. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.07.005 Tian, J., Wang, P.X., 2006. Tropical process and its periodicity in the deep-sea records. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 31(6): 747-753 (in Chinese with English abstract). Tian, J., Wang, P.X., Cheng, X.R., 2004. Pleistocene precession forcing of the upper ocean structure variations of the southern South China Sea. Progress in Natural Science, 14(6): 683-688 (in Chinese). http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/csc/20345/24371/pdf/2004/Pleistocene%20precession%20forcing%20of%20the%20upper%20ocean%20structure%20variations%20of%20the%20southern%20South%20China%20Sea.pdf Wang, P.X., Zhao, Q.H., Jian, Z.M., et al., 2003. Thirty million years deep-sea records in the South China Sea. Chinese Science Bulletin, 48(21): 2206-2215 (in Chinese). doi: 10.1360/csb2003-48-21-2206 Wang, W.Q., Chen, Z.Y., Zuo, J.C., 1999. Empirical mode decomposition method for study of the mean sea level variation along the China coast. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 21(6): 102-109 (in Chinese). http://epub.cnki.net/grid2008/docdown/docdownload.aspx?filename=SEAC199906012&dbcode=CJFD&year=1999&dflag=pdfdown Wang, Z.W., Liu, J.H., Nie, C.Y., 2008. Time-frequency analysis of array acoustic logging waveform signal based on Hilbert-Huang transform. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 33(3): 387-392 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/293359891_Time-frequency_analysis_of_array_acoustic_logging_waveform_signal_based_on_hilbert-huang_transform Wei, J.J., 2003. Evolutionary cycles of paleoclimate recorded in Qin'an loess-paleosol sequence in Miocene (Dissertation). Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract). Wei, J.J., Guo, Z.T., 2003. Variation of dust iron content in the past 900 ka recorded in loess-paleosol sequences and its paleoclimatic implication. Chinese Science Bulletin, 48(11): 1214-1218 (in Chinese). doi: 10.1360/csb2003-48-11-1214 Wu, G.J., 2001. Tectonic uplifts and climatic changes in eastern Qilian Mountains over the 0.8 Ma (Dissertation). Lanzhou University, Lanzhou (in Chinese with English abstract). Wu, H.B., Guo, Z.T., Fang, X.M., et al., 2002. Extension of drylands in northern China around 250 kaBP linked with uplift of the southeast margin of Tibetan Plateau. Chinese Science Bulletin, 47(17): 1341-1346. doi:10.1360/02tb9381 (in Chinese). Xiao, H.F., Shen, J., Xiao, X.Y., 2006. The orbital scale evolution of the southwest monsoon reflected by the Heqing core in Yunnan Province. Quaternary Sciences, 26(2): 274-282 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dsjyj200602016 Yan, M.D., Fang, X.M., Chen, S.Y., et al., 2001. Pleistocene magnetic susceptibility and paleomagnetism of the Tibetan loess and its implication on large climatic change events. Science in China (Series D), 31(Suppl. ): 182-186. doi:10.1007/BF02911991 (in Chinese). Yang, L.H., Chen, M.H., Wang, R.J., et al., 2002. Radio larian record to paleoecological environment change events over the past 1.2 MaBP in the southern South China Sea. Chinese Science Bulletin, 47(14): 1098-1102 (in Chinese). doi: 10.1360/csb2002-47-14-1098 Yu, Z.W., Ding, Z.L., 2003. The coupling relation among the 100 000 years and the precessional, the half precessional cycles in the loess paleoclimatic records. Science in China (Series D), 33(6): 520-528 (in Chinese). Yu, Z.W., Ding, Z.L., Liu, D.S., 1992. Preliminary study on climatic periodities recorded in Baoji loess section, Chinese Loess Plateau. Chinese Journal of Geology, (Suppl. ): 270-278 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-DZKX1992S1025.htm Zhou, B., 2005. The record of elemental carbon in the loess of Lingtai section since the Late Cenozoic and the environment and climate change (Dissertation). Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou (in Chinese with English abstract). 安芷生, Porter, S., Kukla, G., 1990. 最近13万年黄土高原季风变迁的磁化率证据. 科学通报, 35(7): 529-532. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB199007015.htm 丁仲礼, 余志伟, 1995. 第四纪时期东亚季风变化的动力机制. 第四纪研究, (1): 63-74. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1995.01.007 方小敏, 陈富斌, 施雅风, 等, 1996. 甘孜黄土与青藏高原冰冻圈演化. 科学通报, 41(20): 1865-1867. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.1996.20.013 高凤娇, 宋立新, 2007. 一种新的多尺度分析方法的研究. 电子技术应用, 33(9): 60-63. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-7998.2007.09.033 黄恩清, 田军, 2007. 早上新世非洲季风与地中海表层生产力变化的岁差节律. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 32(3): 313-321. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200703002.htm 蒋复初, 吴锡浩, 肖华国, 等, 1997. 川西高原甘孜黄土地层学. 地球学报, 18(4): 413-420. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXB704.011.htm 金海燕, 翦知湣, 2008. 中更新世气候转型期南海北部和南部的气候变化差异. 第四纪研究, 28(3): 381-390. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2008.03.001 李前裕, 田军, 汪品先, 2005. 认识偏心率周期的地层古气候意义. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 30(5): 519-528. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200505001.htm 李强, 吴健, 许正文, 等, 2007. 利用EMD方法提取太阳活动周期成分. 空间科学学报, 27(1): 1-6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-6124.2007.01.001 林振山, 汪曙光, 2004a. 近四百年北半球气温变化的分析: EMD方法的应用. 热带气象学报, 20(1): 90-96. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RDQX200401009.htm 林振山, 汪曙光, 2004b. 天文气候学10万年问题的研究. 地球物理学报, 47(6): 971-975. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWX200406005.htm 刘海生, 方念乔, 艾星涛, 等, 2005. 深海碳酸盐岩心天然热释光变化特征. 海洋学报, 27(1): 78-83. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-4193.2005.01.011 潘保田, 王建民, 1999. 末次间冰期以来青藏高原东部季风演化的黄土沉积记录. 第四纪研究, 4: 330-335. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.1999.04.005 乔彦松, 刘冬雁, 李朝柱, 等, 2007. 川西甘孜地区黄土的磁性地层学研究. 地质力学学报, 13(4): 289-296. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2007.04.001 乔彦松, 赵志中, 王燕, 等, 2006. 川西甘孜黄土磁性地层学研究及其古气候意义. 第四纪研究, 26(2): 250-256. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2006.02.013 田军, 汪品先, 2006. 深海记录中的热带过程及其周期性. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 31(6): 747-753. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200606001.htm 田军, 汪品先, 成鑫荣, 2004. 更新世南海南部上层海水结构变化的岁差驱动. 自然科学进展, 14(6): 683-688. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-008X.2004.06.014 汪品先, 赵泉鸿, 翦知湣, 等, 2003. 南海三千万年的深海记录. 科学通报, 48(21): 2206-2215. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2003.21.003 王卫强, 陈宗镛, 左军成, 1999. 经验模态法在中国沿岸海平面变化中的应用研究. 海洋学报, 21(6): 102-109. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SEAC199906012.htm 王祝文, 刘菁华, 聂春燕, 2008. 基于Hilbert-Huang变换的阵列声波测井信号时频分析. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 33(3): 387-392. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200803014.htm 魏建晶, 2003. 中新世秦安黄土-古土壤序列记录的古气候变化周期(博士学位论文). 北京: 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所. 魏建晶, 郭正堂, 2003.900 ka以来黄土-古土壤序列记录的风尘铁含量变化及其古气候意义. 科学通报, 48(11): 1214-1218. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2003.11.020 邬光剑, 2001. 祁连山东段0.8 Ma以来的构造隆升与气候变化(博士学位论文). 兰州: 兰州大学. 吴海斌, 郭正堂, 方小敏, 等, 2002.250 kaBP前后中国北方干旱区的扩张及其原因. 科学通报, 47(17): 1341-1346. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2002.17.014 肖海丰, 沈吉, 肖霞云, 2006. 云南鹤庆钻孔揭示的西南季风轨道尺度演化. 第四纪研究, 26(2): 274-282. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2006.02.016 颜茂都, 方小敏, 陈诗越, 等, 2001. 青藏高原更新世黄土磁化率和磁性地层与高原重大气候变化事件. 中国科学(D辑), 31(增刊): 182-186. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK2001S1027.htm 杨丽红, 陈木宏, 王汝建, 等, 2002. 南海南部1.2 MaBP以来古生态环境变化事件的放射虫记录. 科学通报, 47(14): 1098-1102. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0023-074X.2002.14.013 余志伟, 丁仲礼, 2003. 黄土古气候记录中100 ka周期与岁差、半岁差周期的非线性耦合关系. 中国科学(D辑), 33(6): 520-528. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK200306003.htm 余志伟, 丁仲礼, 刘东生, 1992. 黄土记录的古气候周期性研究. 地质科学, (增刊): 270-278. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKX1992S1025.htm 周斌, 2005. 晚新生代以来灵台黄土剖面元素碳记录与气候环境变化(博士学位论文). 广州: 中国科学院研究生院. -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(9)
计量
- 文章访问数: 3129
- HTML全文浏览量: 550
- PDF下载量: 53
- 被引次数: 0
