贵州碳酸盐岩岩性基底对土地石漠化时空演变的控制

白晓永; 王世杰; 陈起伟; 程安云

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2010.084

贵州碳酸盐岩岩性基底对土地石漠化时空演变的控制

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2010.084

白晓永^{1, 2},
王世杰^{1, 2, ,},
陈起伟³,
程安云^{1, 2}

1.
中国科学院地球化学研究所, 环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵州贵阳 550002
2.
中国科学院普定喀斯特生态系统观测研究站, 贵州普定 562100
3.
贵州师范大学中国南方喀斯特研究院, 贵州贵阳 550001

基金项目:

国家重点基础研究发展计划项目 2006CB403200

中科院知识创新重要方向项目 kzcx2-yw-306

国家科技支撑计划重大课题 2006BAC01A09

国家科技支撑计划重大课题 2008BAD98B07

详细信息

作者简介:
白晓永(1978-), 男, 博士生, 主要从事岩溶环境生态演变的研究

通讯作者:
王世杰, E-mail: wangshijie@vip.skleg.cn

中图分类号: P512.1;P931.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2009-07-12
- 刊出日期: 2010-07-01

Constrains of Lithological Background of Carbonate Rock on Spatio-temporal Evolution of Karst Rocky Desertification Land

BAI Xiao-yong^{1, 2},
WANG Shi-jie^{1, 2
, ,},
CHEN Qi-wei³,
CHENG An-yun^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, Guiyang 550002, China
2.
Puding Monitoring and Research Station for Karst Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China
3.
Institute of South China Karst, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解碳酸盐岩岩性基底对土地石漠化时空演变的作用, 利用RS、GIS和GPS技术构建了贵州20世纪80年代、90年代和21世纪初3期1∶10万的土地石漠化历史空间分布图, 结合碳酸盐岩岩石组合类型分布数据, 利用数学建模的方法进行空间分析.结果发现: (1)石漠化的演变方式与碳酸盐岩的类型有关, 而与其纯度关系不大; (2)石漠化演变规模、演变速率和演变频率与碳酸盐岩岩性纯度呈正相关; (3)在石灰岩组合类型区, 无石漠化土地易演变到中度石漠化土地; 而在白云岩组合类型区, 无石漠化土地易演变到轻度石漠化土地; (4)无论碳酸盐岩纯度和组成如何, 在石漠化演变的长期过程中, 强度以上石漠化波动较小, 轻度、中度石漠化波动较大.因此, 碳酸盐岩岩性基底对土地石漠化的时空演变过程有明显的控制作用.
- 碳酸盐岩 /
- 岩性 /
- 土地石漠化 /
- 时空演变 /
- 空间分析
Abstract: In order to study the effect of lithological background of carbonate rock on spatio-temporal evolution of karst rocky desertification (RD) land, 1∶100 000 scale digital RD distribution maps of Guizhou in 1986, 1995 and 2000 were obtained by RS, GIS and GPS (3S) technology and user-computer interactive interpreting method from Landsat remote sensing images. On the basis of spatial analysis and statistics, in association with digital-distribution map of carbonate rock assemblages' type, the following findings were obtained: (1) The evolution mode of RD land is related to carbonate rock types and is obviously uncorrelated with its purity. (2) Significant positive correlation was observed between evolution scale, evolution speed, evolution frequency and carbonate rock purity. (3) No RD land evolves easily to moderate RD in limestone rock combination type area, yet it evolves easily to light RD in dolomite combination type area. (4) Whatever the purity and component of the carbonate rocks are, the variation of the strong RD and extremely strong RD is not significant in the long-term evolution process, whereas the variation of the light RD and moderate RD is remarkable. In conclusion, the evolution process of RD land is constrained obviously by lithological background of carbonate rock.
- carbonate minerals /
- lithology /
- karst rocky desertification /
- spatial-temporal evolution /
- spatial analysis

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图 1 岩性基底与石漠化演变方式的关系(1986—2000)

Fig. 1. Relation between lithological background and RD(1986-2000)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 各岩性中已石漠化土地的演变规模(1986—2000)

已石漠化土地=轻度以上石漠化土地下同

Fig. 2. Evolution scale of already RD in various lithological backgrounds (1986-2000)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 各岩性中的已石漠化土地演变速率(1986—2000)

Fig. 3. Evolution speed of already RD in various lithological backgrounds (1986-2000)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 各岩性中的已石漠化土地演变频率(1986—2000)

Fig. 4. Evolution frequency of already RD in various lithological backgrounds (1986-2000)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 各岩性中的不同类型石漠化演变速率排名次序(1986—2000)

Table 1. Order of evolution speed for different RD types in various lithological backgrounds (1986-2000)

排名	岩性	石漠化	演变速率	排名	岩性	石漠化	演变速率	排名	岩性	石漠化	演变速率
1	HL	PRD	46.14	11	LA	LRD	17.03	21	HLD	NRD	3.08
2	HL	NRD	36.89	12	LI	MRD	16.24	22	HLD	PRD	3.02
3	LA	PRD	33.11	13	LI	LRD	14.12	23	HLD	LRD	1.91
4	LA	NRD	26.71	14	HD	LRD	12.38	24	HLD	MRD	1.89
5	HL	LRD	24.12	15	LA	MRD	11.39	25	HL	SRD	1.85
6	LI	NRD	23.75	16	DI	NRD	10.22	26	LI	SRD	1.76
7	HL	MRD	23.68	17	DI	PRD	7.06	27	HD	SRD	1.41
8	LI	PRD	22.40	18	DI	LRD	6.82	28	DI	SRD	1.14
9	HD	NRD	19.96	19	HD	MRD	6.32	29	LA	SRD	0.95
10	HD	PRD	19.19	20	DI	MRD	3.19	30	HLD	SRD	0.16
注：石漠化演变速率(单位km²·a^-1)排名在30位以后的，数值很小，都在0.16 km²·a^-1以下，未一一列出.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 各岩性中的不同类型石漠化演变频率排名次序(1986—2000)

Table 2. Order of evolution frequency for different RD types in various lithological backgrounds (1986-2000)

排序	岩性	石漠化	演变频率	排序	岩性	石漠化	演变频率	排序	岩性	石漠化	演变频率
1	DA	SRD	109.11	15	LI	SRD	37.63	29	HLD	LRD	26.98
2	DI	ESRD	86.02	16	HL	NRD	37.48	30	HLD	PRD	25.78
3	HL	MRD	62.18	17	DI	NRD	35.96	31	HD	MRD	24.77
4	LI	MRD	59.00	18	DI	LRD	35.62	32	HLD	NRD	21.94
5	HLD	MRD	53.47	19	LI	NRD	35.23	33	HD	NRD	20.80
6	DI	PRD	49.81	20	LA	NRD	33.35	34	DA	LRD	20.05
7	LI	PRD	48.51	21	HD	LRD	33.23	35	LA	SRD	19.92
8	HL	PRD	45.59	22	HL	SRD	33.04	36	DA	MRD	18.48
9	DI	MRD	42.74	23	HLD	SRD	31.33	37	LI	ESRD	15.67
10	LA	PRD	41.93	24	LI	LRD	29.63	38	HD	ESRD	10.98
11	LA	MRD	41.26	25	LA	ESRD	29.43	39	DA	PRD	9.26
12	HD	SRD	40.68	26	HD	PRD	28.32	40	DA	NRD	4.09
13	DI	SRD	39.57	27	LA	LRD	27.94	41	HLD	ESRD	1.02
14	HL	LRD	38.00	28	HL	ESRD	27.37
注：演变频率单位为%·a^-1.

下载: 导出CSV

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