西藏吉隆盆地沃马剖面元素地球化学特征及环境指示意义

邱海鸥; 孙文; 汤志勇; 张克信; 宋虎跃

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2010.092

西藏吉隆盆地沃马剖面元素地球化学特征及环境指示意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2010.092

邱海鸥^1,,
孙文¹,
汤志勇¹,
张克信^{2, 3, 4},
宋虎跃^{1, 2}

1.
中国地质大学材料科学与化学工程学院, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074
3.
中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074
4.
中国地质大学地质调查研究院, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目 1212010610103

中国地质调查局项目 2006010028

国家自然科学基金项目 40921062

国家自然科学基金项目 40830212

详细信息

作者简介:
邱海鸥(1963-), 女, 教授, 主要从事环境分析化学教学和科研工作.E-mail: qiuhaiou@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: X142
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2010-05-31
- 刊出日期: 2010-09-01

Geochemical Characteristics of the Oma Section in the Tibetan Gyirong Basin and Its Implications on Environment Change

QIU Hai-ou^1
,,
SUN Wen¹,
TANG Zhi-yong¹,
ZHANG Ke-xin^{2, 3, 4},
SONG Hu-yue^{1, 2}

1.
Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
3.
Faulty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
4.
Geological Survey of China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 通过对西藏吉隆盆地沃马剖面上变价元素Fe、Mn的赋存形态分析, 根据变价元素不同赋存形态含量与古气候的关系, 探讨青藏高原隆升过程中的环境变迁历程.应用元素地球化学原理, 参考常规常量元素指标和测年资料, 确定了该剖面10.0~1.7 Ma来地球化学元素的分布规律.研究结果表明: 该剖面地层沉积时的地球化学环境历经强还原状态到弱氧化状态再到还原状态的变化过程, 其对应古气候呈现由干冷转向暖湿再到干冷的变化.
- 西藏吉隆盆地沃马剖面 /
- 变价元素 /
- Fe、Mn /
- 示踪指标 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: Based on the study of the combining forms of the valence-variable elements such as Fe and Mn at the Oma section in the Gyirong basin, Tibet, and on the relation of the contents of the various forms of the valence-variable elements with climate conditions, the environmental change during the rising of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is discussed. The distribution rules of the geochemical elements during 10.0-1.7 Ma of the Oma section were ascertained with element geochemistry principles applied and dating data as well as indexes of the conventional and major elements analyzed. The results show that in the sedimentary period of the profile, while the geochemical environment changed from strong reduction state through weak oxidation state to reduction state, the paleoclimate varied from dry-cold through warm-wet to dry-cold accordingly.
- Oma section in the Tibetan Gyirong basin /
- valence-variable elements /
- iron and manganesium /
- tracing index /
- geochemistry

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图 1 研究区域地理位置

Fig. 1. Location of the study area

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图 2 TFe、TMn及其还原态含量随剖面高度变化曲线

Fig. 2. Variations of TFe, TMn and the reduce state of Fe and Mn with the depth of the section

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图 3 变价元素Fe、Mn氧化/还原形态比值曲线

Fig. 3. Variations of ratio Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ) and Mn(OX)/Mn(Ⅱ)

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图 4 总铁(TFe)、总锰(TMn)及Fe(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)衬度系数曲线

Fig. 4. Total concentrations of Fe, Mn and wealthy coefficient curves of Fe(Ⅱ), Mn(Ⅱ)

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图 5 Na₂O、MgO、CaO含量随剖面高度变化曲线

Fig. 5. Content variation of Na₂O, MgO and CaO with the depth of the section

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图 6 CaO、Na₂O、K₂O、MgO、Al₂O₃和SiO₂构成的比值指标随剖面高度变化曲线

Fig. 6. Variations of ratio Na₂O/K₂O, CaO/MgO, SiO₂/Al₂O₃ and (K₂O+Na₂O+CaO)/Al₂O₃ with the depth of the section

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图 7 K₂O、Na₂O、CaO和Al₂O₃衬度系数曲线

Fig. 7. Wealthy coefficient curves of K₂O, Na₂O, CaO, Al₂O₃

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表 1 吉隆沃玛剖面变价元素及其形态分布(%)

Table 1. Distribution of the valence-variable elements of the Oma section in the Gyirong basin

分布	TFe	Fe(Ⅱ)	Fe(Ⅲ)	TMn	Mn(Ⅱ)	Mn(OX)
平均值	4.10	0.420	3.68	0.07	0.026 0	0.044 0
极大值	22.84	1.090	22.62	0.36	0.087 0	0.320 0
极小值	0.58	0.093	0.17	0.01	0.003 7	0.000 3
变异系数	1.04	0.500	1.17	0.81	0.580 0	1.120 0

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表 2 吉隆沃玛剖面常量元素分布(%)

Table 2. Distribution of common elements of the Oma section in the Gyirong basin

分布	Na₂O	MgO	Al₂O₃	SiO₂	K₂O	CaO
平均值	1.10	0.75	11.88	54.56	2.33	11.17
极大值	1.91	1.62	18.27	75.62	4.68	47.69
极小值	0.17	0.33	1.49	9.44	0.23	0.26
变异系数	0.38	0.36	0.26	0.25	0.27	0.76

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表 3 吉隆沃玛剖面变价元素及其构成指标分布特征

Table 3. Distribution of valence-variable element and its indicators of the Oma section in the Gyirong basin

类别	指示指标	阶段	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	整个剖面
		年代(Ma)	约3.3~1.7	约6.7~3.3	约10.0~6.7	约1.7~10.0
		剖面高度(m)	602.9~420.0	420.0~265.0	265.0~12.3	602.9~12.3
变价元素比值	Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)	范围	0.53~17.49	0.81~134.50	0.74~59.87	0.53~134.50
	Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)	均值	3.88	16.18	11.86	13.40
	Mn(OX)/Mn(Ⅱ)	范围	0.50~4.16	0.13~7.40	0.32~4.38	0.13~7.40
	Mn(OX)/Mn(Ⅱ)	均值	1.64	1.82	1.67	1.84
变价元素衬度系数	Fe(Ⅱ)	范围	0.42~2.60	0.32~2.10	0.22~2.57	0.22~2.57
	Fe(Ⅱ)	均值	1.53	0.99	0.83	1.00
	Mn(Ⅱ)	范围	0.23~3.37	0.30~2.22	0.14~2.83	0.14~3.37
	Mn(Ⅱ)	均值	1.08	1.08	0.91	1.01
变价元素绝对含量(%)	TFe	范围	1.32~5.32	0.58~22.84	0.63~5.33	0.58~22.84
	TFe	均值	2.64	4.53	2.40	4.10
	Fe(Ⅱ)	范围	0.29~0.96	0.10~1.09	0.093~1.07	0.093~1.09
	Fe(Ⅱ)	均值	0.65	0.40	0.34	0.42
	Mn(Ⅱ)	范围	0.009 4~0.087 0	0.005 8~0.073 0	0.003 7~0.021 0	0.003 8~0.008 6
	Mn(Ⅱ)	均值	0.030	0.027	0.011	0.026

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表 4 吉隆沃玛剖面常量元素及其构成指标分布特征

Table 4. Distribution of constant element and its indicators of the Oma section in the Gyirong basin

类别	指示指标	阶段	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	整个剖面
		年代(Ma)	约3.3~1.7	约6.7~3.3	约10.0~6.7	约1.7~10.0
		剖面高度(m)	602.9~420.0	420.0~265.0	265.0~12.3	602.9~12.3
常量元素比值	SiO₂/Al₂O₃	范围	2.55~6.99	2.70~7.31	2.58~12.53	2.55~12.53
	SiO₂/Al₂O₃	均值	4.95	4.61	5.32	4.30
	CaO/MgO	范围	8.71~23.27	4.73~21.43	0.30~64.33	0.30~64.33
	CaO/MgO	均值	14.15	11.69	22.96	11.76
	(K₂O+Na₂O+CaO)/Al₂O₃	范围	0.80~2.62	0.58~1.69	0.20~29.23	0.20~29.23
	(K₂O+Na₂O+CaO)/Al₂O₃	均值	1.46	0.94	3.94	0.96
常量元素衬度系数	CaO	范围	0.37~1.92	0.36~1.55	0.02~4.27	0.02~4.27
	CaO	均值	1.14	0.75	1.39	0.74
	K₂O	范围	0.81~1.45	0.61~2.01	0.10~1.42	0.10~2.01
	K₂O	均值	1.13	1.03	0.88	0.94
	Al₂O₃	范围	0.75~1.32	0.72~1.54	0.13~1.42	0.13~1.54
	Al₂O₃	均值	0.97	1.08	0.86	0.93

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