Evolution of Soil Organic Carbon Pool in Weinan Loess Region Since the Last Interglacial Period
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摘要: 冰期-间冰期的陆地碳库变化成为最近十几年来碳循环研究的热点之一，以深海氧同位素、模型模拟和古环境证据等手段展开对不同时间尺度上不同碳库之间碳通量变化研究.土壤碳库的巨大储量导致了土壤碳库的任何微小波动都比陆地生态系统其他碳库更容易影响陆地生态系统碳循环以及大气CO2浓度，并最终影响到全球气候变化.通过对过去4万年来黄土高原地区土壤有机碳碳库的演变研究发现，深海氧同位素第3阶段期间，土壤有机碳碳密度相对于磁化率在细节上更能够表现出气候的小波动，这一期间的土壤有机碳碳密度快速上升，在较高的水平上多次波动，可能是因为这一时期的气候环境整体上更适宜碳在黄土古土壤中的累积和保存.在末次盛冰期(LGM)时，土壤有机碳碳密度急剧下降，伴随气候的快速波动，其间有一次较大规模的反弹，持续约2 ka，最低值出现在14 ka BP和19 ka BP.对比深海氧同位素曲线，土壤有机碳碳库与其在末次盛冰期和全新世都表现出良好的一致性.而磁化率在大约15 ka BP以后就开始增加，似乎超前于土壤有机碳碳密度和深海氧同位素的增加.并且，在全新世早期到晚期土壤有机碳碳密度经历了逐渐上升继而下降的变化过程，该时段的最高值出现在大约7~5 ka BP.Abstract: Glacial-interglacial change in terrestrial carbon pools is an unknown issue in paleo-carbon cycle research. Carbon flux between carbon pools in different time scales has been studied from marine isotope, model simulating and paleo-environmental evidence by many scientists. Any tiny fluctuation of soil carbon pool with vast carbon reserves would affect ecosystem more easily than other terrestrial carbon pools and atmospheric CO2 concentration, and in turn impacted global climate finally. In this paper, the evolution of carbon density of soil organic matter (SOCD) in south of Chinese loess plateau over the past 40 ka was studied. It was found that SOCD in MIS-3 was more intensive than magnetic susceptibility in the details to explain tiny fluctuations. SOCD increased rapidly and fluctuated several times in high level in MIS-3. It may be because climate in this period was more suitable for soil organic carbon's accumulation and preservation in loess and paleosoil. In the last glacial maximum (LGM), SOCD decreased sharply as climate rapidly fluctuated. During the period, there was a climatic and SOCD rebounding event that lasted for about 2 ka and the minimum SOCD value occurred at ~14 ka BP and ~19 ka BP. Compared with the marine oxygen isotope, the trends of soil organic carbon pool in LGM and Holocene were similar. The magnetic susceptibility began to increase at 15 ka, and the increase seemed to be prior to SOCD and marine oxygen isotope. At the early time of Holocene, SOCD increased gradually and then decreased, and the maximum was at about 7-5 ka BP.
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图 2 渭南黄土古土壤剖面全碳和有机碳含量
Fig. 2. The content of total carbon and total organic carbon in Weinan section
图 3 古地表以下30 cm内3个10 cm厚黄土层的有机碳(SOC)含量
Fig. 3. Curves of soil organic carbon of 3 10 cm loess layers under the paleo-ground surface
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