Actual Hydrocarbon Migration Paths Based on Ridge-Like Structures Analysis and Geochemical Indicators Tracking: A Case Study of Puwei Area of Dongpu Depression
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摘要: 以往关于油气运移路径的认识, 多是基于微观尺度上的物理模拟实验, 或是利用计算机模拟进行的, 而对油气运聚单元尺度的油气运移路径的确定研究还相对较少.以东濮凹陷濮卫地区为例, 从砂体和断层要素研究出发, 分析油气的优势运移通道, 结合生烃灶和油气的分布, 对优势运移通道的有效性进行评价, 进一步结合含氮化合物指标, 识别实际发生油气运移的路径.研究表明, 构造脊分析与地球化学指标追踪相结合可以较准确地识别油气运移路径, 砂体顶面构造脊和断层断面脊是油气运移的优势通道, 其能否成为运移路径, 以及作为运移路径运载量的多少则取决于生烃灶总烃量.濮卫地区油气沿断面脊纵向运移为主, 洼陷内部和濮城构造东翼斜坡带沿砂体顶面构造脊的横向运移次之, 含氮化合物指标分析表明该区大多数构造脊均为实际的油气运移路径.Abstract: The former understanding about actual hydrocarbon migration paths is mainly based on the micro-scale physical simulation or the computer simulation, and the actual oil and gas migration paths only rely on indirect evidence. This paper takes Puwei area of Dongpu depression as an example, firstly we find out the dominated migration pathways of main sandbodies and faults, then analyze their relationships with hydrocarbon kitchens and reservoirs to evaluate their effectiveness, and lastly identify the paths of hydrocarbon migration by combining the tracking of nitrogen compounds indicators. The results show that ridge-like structures analysis combined with geochemical indicators tracking can identify actual hydrocarbon migration paths accurately. Ridge-like structures of sandbody top and fault plane are the dominated migration pathways, their ability to become actual migration paths, as well as the amount of hydrocarbon carried depend on the oil and gas volume supplied by hydrocarbon kitchens. In Puwei area, oil and gas mainly migrated vertically along ridge-like structures of fault plane, followed by lateral migration along ridge-like structures of sandbody top in Puwei sag and Pucheng right-wing slope. Nitrogen compounds indicators tracking shows that the majority of ridge-like structures in this area are actual oil and gas migration paths.
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图 1 东濮凹陷北部构造单元与油气分布
Fig. 1. Tectonic units and hydrocarbon distribution in the northern Dongpu depression
图 2 濮卫地区烃源岩与原油伽马蜡烷指数-C29ββ/(ββ+αα)相关图
Fig. 2. Oil-source rock correlation for Puwei area oils and source rocks based on gammacerane index and maturity parameter
图 3 濮卫地区沙三中3~4砂组(a)和5砂组(b)顶面构造脊与砂岩厚度叠合图
Fig. 3. Distribution of sand body and its ridge-like structures of Es3middle3~4(a) and Es3middle5 (b)in Puwei area
图 4 濮卫地区沙三段原油含氮化合物指标平面变化
a图中1.屏蔽型/半裸露型(二甲基咔唑)，2.屏蔽型/裸露型(二甲基咔唑)，3.屏蔽型/半裸露型+裸露型(二甲基咔唑)；b图中1-1，8-/2，6-二甲基咔唑，2-1，8-/2，4-二甲基咔唑，3-1，8-/2，5-二甲基咔唑；c图中1.咔唑/苯并咔唑，2.含氮化合物绝对浓度
Fig. 4. Distribution of pyrrole nitrogen compounds of Es3 oils in Puwei area
图 5 濮卫地区主要断层活动时间与油气运移期匹配关系
Fig. 5. Relationship between faults active periods and hydrocarbon migration periods in Puwei area
图 6 濮卫地区主要断层断面形态、生烃灶与沙三中(a)和沙三上(b)油气分布关系
Fig. 6. Distribution of faults planes, oil-gas and oil-gas sources in Puwei area
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