High Resolution Three-Dimensional Facies Architecture Delineation Using Sequence Stratigraphy, Seismic Sedimentology: Example from Dongying Formation in BZ3-1 Block of Western Slope of Bozhong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin
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摘要: 基于层序地层学、地震沉积学理论及三维可视化技术, 结合3D高分辨率地震资料, 对渤中凹陷西斜坡BZ3-1区块东营组层序进行高精度三维沉积体系分析.研究将东营组古沟谷分为V型、U型、W型及复合型4种类型, 并详细刻画不同类型、不同期次的古沟谷从上游-下游的分叉、汇合的充填特征及其从发育-消亡的不同时期演化特征.研究区地震多属性异常区域在平面上多紧靠断层的下降盘, 呈规模不一的扇状展布. 结合测井曲线、岩心、地震相、地震多属性特征等分析可知, 东营组层序沉积相类型分为扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、滨浅湖, 同时对不同相带边界进行了定量厘定.高精度三维沉积体系分析结果表明, 由于三级层序发育于二级层序的不同体系域, 会导致三级层序的体系域沉积体发育特征产生不同.SQd3层序发育于二级层序的低位体系域, 其低位体系域的扇体规模要远远大于高位体系域的扇体; SQd2L层序发育于二级层序的水进体系域, 其低位体系域三角洲朵体规模与高位体系域的三角洲朵体相当; SQd2u层序发育于二级层序的高位体系域, 其高位体系域三角洲朵体规模远远大于低位体系域的三角洲朵体.Abstract: Based on sequence stratigraphy, seismic sedimentology theory and 3D visualization technology, High resolution three-dimensional facies architecture was described in detail using the recent 3D seismic data of Dongying Formation of BZ3-1 Block, western slope of Bozhong sag. The paleo-channels of Dongying formation could be subdivided into four types including type V, U, W and Compound, and were delineated the branching and converging infilling characteristics from up-stream to down-stream and the evolution stage from occurrence to extinction. Normally, Fan-shaped abnormal areas of seismic multi-attributes were located in the footwall of faults. On the basis of an integrated analysis of well log and core data, seismic facies, seismic multi-attribute, the sedimentary facies of sequences of Dongying formation were found to include fan-delta, braided river delta and coast-shallow lake, and the boundaries of these facies were crystallized quantitatively. The results of high resolution three-dimensional sedimentary systems analysis show that the third-order sequence located in different system tracts of second-order sequence could be lead to their system tracts with the different sedimentary types and scale. Because sequence SQd3 belong to the lowstand system tracts of second-order sequence, and the fan scale of lowstand system tracts of sequence SQd3 was larger than that of its highstand system tracts'; Sequence SQd2L is located in the transgressve system tracts of second-order sequence, and the delta scale of lowstand system tracts of sequence SQd2L was equal to that of its highstand system tracts'; Sequence SQd2u developed in the highstand system tracts of second-order sequence, and the delta scale of lowstand system tracts of sequence SQd2L was less than that its highstand system tracts'.
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Key words:
- sequence stratigraphy /
- seismic sedimentology /
- Dongying Formation /
- paleo-channel /
- sedimentary facies
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图 1 BZ3-1区块构造位置示意
Fig. 1. The BZ3-1 block, western slope of Bozhong sag showing distribution of faults and locations of wells, seismic lines
图 2 BZ3-1区块东营组层序充填序列和构造演化
Fig. 2. Generalised stratigraphic column and tectonic evolution in the Dongying Formation of study area
图 3 研究区东营组古沟谷类型
Fig. 3. Types of paleo-channel of the Dongying Formation of study area
图 4 研究区石臼坨凸起上地震测线AA'指示的古沟谷充填特征(测线位置见图 1AA')
a.未解释原始剖面；b.古沟谷及地震相解释剖面
Fig. 4. Paleo-channel infill seismic facies characteristics of seismic cross section AA', Shijiutuo uplift
图 5 研究区石臼坨凸起上不同XLN地震测线指示的古沟谷3D空间变化特征
实线.地震剖面上的河道充填形态；虚线.地层切片上的河道平面展布形态
Fig. 5. Seismic cross section XLN3200-3030 of Shijiutuo uplift showing 3D spatial characteristics of paleo-channel in study area
图 6 研究区不同时期的顺层切片指示的古沟谷3D变化特征
Fig. 6. Stratal slice showing 3D characteristics of different stage of paleo-channel in study area
图 7 SQd3层序地震多属性和沉积相平面
Fig. 7. Seismic multi-attributes and sedimentary facies of sequence of SQd3
图 9 SQd2L层序地震多属性和沉积相平面
Fig. 9. Seismic multi-attributes and sedimentary facies of sequence of SQd2L
图 10 SQd2u层序地震多属性和沉积相
Fig. 10. Seismic multi-attributes and sedimentary facies of sequence of SQd2u
图 8 BZ2-1-2井东营组层序、沉积相及其岩心描述
Fig. 8. Sequence, sedimentary facies and cores of Dongying Formation, well BZ2-1-2
图 11 地震测线BB'指示的东营组层序扇三角洲朵体地震相、沉积相(测线位置见图 1BB')
Fig. 11. Seismic cross section BB' showing seismic facies and sedimentary facies of fan-delta of Dongying Formation in the study area
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