LA-ICPMS U-Pb Dating of Zircons from Tuffs of the Upper Permian-Middle Triassic in Youjiang Basin, Guangxi Province and Its Geological Significance
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摘要: 右江盆地上二叠统-中三叠统地层中常含有多层凝灰岩, 对采自广西河池九圩及田林利周罗楼组和百逢组底部的4件凝灰岩样品进行锆石原位LA-ICPMS方法U-Pb同位素定年, 结果显示凝灰岩的形成年龄分别为252.8±1.8 Ma、253.0±2.4 Ma、247.2±1.5 Ma和239.3±2.7 Ma, 指示晚二叠世末期到中三叠世Bithynian期华南地块西南缘存在多期火山活动, 其可能与华南西南缘陆块的裂解与汇聚有关.凝灰岩中继承或捕虏锆石年龄(260~270 Ma)记录了中晚二叠世峨眉山大火成岩省岩浆活动或华南西南缘岛弧火山活动事件.凝灰岩的岩相学研究表明, 中三叠世特别是Bithynian期之后右江盆地由伸展型向挤压型转换, 盆地进入快速坳陷期.Abstract: Upper Permian-Middle Triassic sections in Youjiang basin contain many volcanic tuff horizons. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of 4 volcanic tuff samples from the bottom of the Luolou and Baifeng formations in the Jiuxu and Lizhou areas, Guangxi Province, yield the depositional ages of 252.8±1.8, 253.0±2.4, 247.2±1.5 and 239.3±2.7 Ma, respectively, which, together with the inherited or xenocrystal zircon ages (with peak values of 264 and 267 Ma), indicate that episodical volcanism occurred during Middle Permian Gudalupian and Middle Triassic Bithynian in southwestern China. The appearance of the inherited zircon ages (260~270 Ma) from the volcanic tuffs around the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) indicate the volcanic events in South China may have caused the End-Permian extinction. The depositional age of 247.2±1.5 Ma from the volcanic tuff at the bottom of the Middle Triassic Baifeng Formation indicates it is more appropriate to place the Early to Middle Trissic boundary at 247.2 Ma. The petrographical study of the volcanic tuffs indicates the Youjiang basin expierenced the tectonic transition from extension to compression after Middle Triassic, and especially after Bithynian, which resulted in the great tectonic subsidence of the basin.
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Key words:
- Youjiang basin /
- Upper Permian-Middle Triassic /
- tuff /
- zircon dating /
- geochronology /
- stratigraphy
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图 1 右江盆地晚二叠世-中三叠世年代-岩石地层对比
注: 岩石地层划分据广西地质矿产局(1985)、贵州地质矿产局(1987)和Lehrmann et al.(2005)；地层年代数据, 其中a据Ogg et al.(2008)；b据Lehrmann et al.(2006)；c据Galfetti et al.(2007)；d据Mundil et al.(2004)；e据郑连弟等(2010)；f据Ovtcharova et al.(2006)；g据本文
Fig. 1. Late Permian-Middle Triassic chronostratigraphic-lithostratigraphic unit correlation in Youjiang basin
图 2 早三叠世右江盆地岩相古地理(a)(据Lehrmann et al., 2007b)及华南二叠系-三叠系界线附近火山物质和粘土岩分布(b)(据殷鸿福等, 1989；Xie et al., 2010)
Fig. 2. Early paleogeographic map of the Youjiang basin and distribution of vocanic materials and clayrocks from Permian-Trissic boundery in South China
图 3 右江盆地不同地区上二叠-中三叠统地层柱状图及其对应层位凝灰岩锆石年龄
凤山金牙剖面据Ovtcharova et al.(2006)、Galfetti et al.(2007)；罗甸关刀剖面据Lehrmann et al.(2005, 2006)；崇左六叫剖面据Lehrmann et al.(2007a)；1.页岩/泥岩；2.灰岩；3.钙质微生物岩；4.泥灰岩；5.砾屑灰岩；6.鲕粒灰岩；7.硅质结核灰岩；8.硅质结核状灰岩；9.白云岩；10.砾屑白云岩；11.硅质岩/硅质泥岩；12.砂岩；13.火山岩；14.凝灰岩；15.覆盖；16.不整合接触
Fig. 3. The sections showing the stratigraphic position of the vocanic tuff beds from different regions in Youjiang basin and samples with U-Pb ages
图 4 九圩-利周地区凝灰岩典型锆石阴极发光照片(数字表示点号)
Fig. 4. Cathodoluminescence images of main types of internal structures within zircon grains from Jiuxu-Lizhou areas
图 5 锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图(断线未进入加权平均值计算)及U-Pb年龄统计直方图
Fig. 5. Zircon U-Pb concordian diagrams (signed uncontinual zircons not concluded for the weighted mean age) and U-Pb age histograms of zircons
表 1 右江盆地上二叠统-中三叠统凝灰岩锆石U-Pb同位素组成
Table 1. Zircon U-Pb isotope data for Upper Permian-Middle Tirssic vocanic tuffs in Youjiang basin
分析点号 组成(μg/g) Th/U 同位素比值 年龄(Ma) 谐和度(%) Th U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 样品号：T1n-1 T1n-1-24 121.0 204 0.59 0.052 2 0.002 4 0.268 6 0.011 7 0.037 6 0.000 4 295 104 242 9 238 3 98 T1n-1-5 142.0 151 0.95 0.055 0 0.002 8 0.294 4 0.014 5 0.039 1 0.000 5 413 112 262 11 247 3 94 T1n-1-17 149.0 451 0.33 0.052 4 0.001 5 0.283 5 0.008 2 0.039 1 0.000 4 302 63 253 6 247 2 97 T1n-1-2 128.0 171 0.75 0.053 6 0.002 4 0.287 9 0.013 1 0.039 1 0.000 5 354 102 257 10 247 3 96 T1n-1-7 86.9 160 0.54 0.051 5 0.002 2 0.276 4 0.011 5 0.039 1 0.000 5 265 98 248 9 247 3 99 T1n-1-23 464.0 627 0.74 0.055 8 0.001 4 0.302 0 0.007 3 0.039 3 0.000 3 456 57 268 6 248 2 92 T1n-1-27 58.6 106 0.55 0.051 0 0.002 8 0.272 6 0.014 8 0.039 5 0.000 6 243 119 245 12 250 4 98 T1n-1-19 113.0 346 0.33 0.0505 0.001 7 0.275 9 0.009 6 0.039 6 0.000 4 217 47 247 8 250 2 98 T1n-1-16 224.0 282 0.79 0.051 1 0.001 9 0.279 1 0.010 2 0.039 6 0.000 4 243 81 250 8 250 2 99 T1n-1-25 226.0 352 0.64 0.049 2 0.001 6 0.268 6 0.008 5 0.039 7 0.000 3 167 78 242 7 251 2 96 T1n-1-18 140.0 287 0.49 0.047 0 0.001 5 0.258 0 0.008 1 0.039 8 0.000 4 50.1 77.8 233 7 252 2 92 T1n-1-12 217.0 268 0.81 0.055 2 0.002 2 0.304 7 0.011 9 0.040 0 0.000 4 420 89 270 9 253 2 93 T1n-1-28 135.0 367 0.37 0.051 7 0.001 8 0.285 6 0.009 8 0.040 1 0.000 5 276 78 255 8 254 3 99 T1n-1-10 233.0 894 0.26 0.054 6 0.001 4 0.303 7 0.008 0 0.040 2 0.000 3 394 53 269 6 254 2 94 T1n-1-15 96.3 151 0.64 0.050 9 0.002 4 0.281 2 0.013 5 0.040 3 0.000 5 235 111 252 11 254 3 98 T1n-1-3 129.0 315 0.41 0.052 7 0.001 9 0.295 0 0.010 7 0.040 4 0.000 4 317 81 262 8 255 2 97 T1n-1-9 452.0 1 562 0.29 0.053 4 0.001 0 0.299 6 0.005 5 0.040 5 0.000 3 346 41 266 4 256 2 96 T1n-1-34 87.2 217 0.40 0.053 3 0.002 0 0.296 5 0.011 0 0.040 5 0.000 5 339 92 264 9 256 3 97 T1n-1-26 585.0 1 180 0.50 0.050 7 0.001 0 0.283 6 0.005 6 0.040 5 0.000 3 233 42 254 4 256 2 98 T1n-1-36 281.0 1 536 0.18 0.051 6 0.000 9 0.291 7 0.005 5 0.040 8 0.000 3 333 38 260 4 258 2 99 T1n-1-1 173.0 199 0.87 0.055 1 0.002 2 0.309 4 0.012 0 0.041 0 0.000 5 413 89 274 9 259 3 94 T1n-1-4 126.0 523 0.24 0.051 6 0.001 4 0.294 7 0.007 5 0.041 4 0.000 3 333 61 262 6 261 2 99 T1n-1-32 185.0 526 0.35 0.051 3 0.001 5 0.293 7 0.008 5 0.041 6 0.000 4 257 67 261 7 263 3 99 T1n-1-20 185.0 754 0.25 0.050 1 0.001 2 0.289 6 0.007 0 0.041 9 0.000 4 198 54 258 5 265 3 97 T1n-1-8 171.0 568 0.30 0.054 9 0.001 4 0.317 9 0.008 3 0.041 9 0.000 3 406 59 280 6 265 2 94 T1n-1-37 119.0 310 0.38 0.053 4 0.001 9 0.310 6 0.011 4 0.042 1 0.000 4 346 84 275 9 266 3 96 T1n-1-33 161.0 216 0.75 0.051 7 0.002 4 0.297 7 0.013 1 0.042 1 0.000 5 333 106 265 10 266 3 99 T1n-1-13 187.0 762 0.25 0.051 3 0.001 3 0.299 6 0.008 0 0.042 3 0.000 4 254 64 266 6 267 3 99 T1n-1-35 123.0 157 0.78 0.056 2 0.003 0 0.327 6 0.016 2 0.042 5 0.000 6 461 119 288 12 269 4 93 样品号：T1n-2 T1n-2-1 168.0 247 0.68 0.055 1 0.002 1 0.293 7 0.011 0 0.038 8 0.000 4 417 85 261 9 246 3 93 T1n-2-11 117.0 311 0.37 0.055 5 0.001 8 0.295 8 0.008 8 0.039 0 0.000 5 432 68 263 7 247 3 93 T1n-2-29 87.9 147 0.60 0.051 3 0.002 7 0.273 9 0.013 3 0.039 2 0.000 5 254 120 246 11 248 3 99 T1n-2-5 112.0 203 0.55 0.052 9 0.001 9 0.285 8 0.010 8 0.039 2 0.000 5 324 114 255 9 248 3 97 T1n-2-6 632.0 941 0.67 0.052 7 0.001 2 0.285 6 0.006 8 0.039 3 0.000 3 322 52 255 5 248 2 97 T1n-2-24 204.0 445 0.46 0.056 7 0.002 1 0.308 4 0.011 4 0.039 3 0.000 4 483 81 273 9 249 2 90 T1n-2-14 153.0 219 0.70 0.052 8 0.002 3 0.289 5 0.013 4 0.039 6 0.000 5 320 98 258 11 250 3 96 T1n-2-8 314.0 497 0.63 0.049 9 0.001 3 0.274 3 0.007 1 0.039 9 0.000 3 191 63 246 6 252 2 97 T1n-2-19 713.0 886 0.80 0.052 8 0.001 2 0.290 2 0.006 3 0.039 9 0.000 4 320 54 259 5 252 2 97 T1n-2-12 1 733.0 1128 1.54 0.054 6 0.001 2 0.302 4 0.006 7 0.040 1 0.000 3 394 48 268 5 253 2 94 T1n-2-25 183.0 174 1.05 0.053 3 0.002 4 0.294 3 0.012 9 0.040 1 0.000 4 343 100 262 10 254 3 96 T1n-2-10 195.0 525 0.37 0.049 1 0.001 2 0.272 2 0.006 7 0.040 2 0.000 4 154 56 244 5 254 2 96 T1n-2-22 84.5 186 0.45 0.052 2 0.002 2 0.291 6 0.012 4 0.040 4 0.000 5 295 96 260 10 256 3 98 T1n-2-16 211.0 842 0.25 0.053 9 0.001 2 0.302 6 0.006 9 0.040 6 0.000 3 369 47 268 5 257 2 95 T1n-2-28 253.0 421 0.60 0.053 8 0.001 8 0.303 0 0.009 9 0.040 8 0.000 5 365 74 269 8 258 3 95 T1n-2-17 108.0 371 0.29 0.053 4 0.001 4 0.304 3 0.008 5 0.041 2 0.000 4 346 59 270 7 260 3 96 T1n-2-3 171.0 191 0.90 0.055 5 0.002 7 0.310 4 0.013 8 0.041 2 0.000 5 435 109 274 11 260 3 94 T1n-2-21 123.0 313 0.39 0.052 0 0.001 8 0.297 2 0.010 4 0.041 5 0.000 4 283 77 264 8 262 3 99 T1n-2-9 90.7 710 0.13 0.053 2 0.001 3 0.309 8 0.007 4 0.042 2 0.000 3 345 56 274 6 267 2 97 T1n-2-13 264.0 759 0.35 0.052 7 0.001 3 0.309 5 0.007 3 0.042 7 0.000 3 322 59 274 6 270 2 98 T1n-2-15 112.0 143 0.78 0.058 0 0.002 9 0.341 3 0.016 7 0.042 9 0.000 5 528 107 298 13 271 3 90 T1n-2-18 207.0 312 0.66 0.051 7 0.001 6 0.315 0 0.009 6 0.044 2 0.000 4 272 64 278 7 279 3 99 样品号：L2 L2-17 110.0 373 0.29 0.050 9 0.001 5 0.255 0 0.007 3 0.036 4 0.000 3 239 67 231 6 231 2 99 L2-11 298.0 412 0.72 0.052 1 0.001 3 0.264 8 0.007 1 0.036 6 0.000 4 300 57 239 6 232 2 97 L2-21 78.7 240 0.33 0.054 7 0.002 0 0.278 3 0.010 2 0.036 9 0.000 4 467 81 249 8 234 2 93 L2-15 125.0 440 0.28 0.050 9 0.001 5 0.258 5 0.007 5 0.036 9 0.000 4 239 67 233 6 234 2 99 L2-7 160.0 541 0.30 0.049 9 0.001 3 0.257 4 0.006 4 0.037 1 0.000 5 191 62 233 5 235 3 99 L2-18 110.0 376 0.29 0.053 0 0.001 5 0.273 2 0.007 8 0.037 6 0.000 4 328 67 245 6 238 2 96 L2-22 94.8 396 0.24 0.049 7 0.001 4 0.257 7 0.007 2 0.037 6 0.000 3 189 67 233 6 238 2 97 L2-25 113.0 476 0.24 0.050 1 0.001 4 0.261 8 0.007 5 0.037 8 0.000 4 211 31 236 6 239 2 98 L2-23 84.0 330 0.25 0.051 0 0.001 4 0.266 3 0.007 9 0.037 8 0.000 4 243 65 240 6 239 2 99 L2-19 105.0 340 0.31 0.051 1 0.001 7 0.264 8 0.008 3 0.037 8 0.000 4 256 76 239 7 239 3 99 L2-6 125.0 457 0.27 0.052 6 0.001 3 0.277 8 0.006 6 0.037 9 0.000 5 322 54 249 5 240 3 96 L2-4 114.0 366 0.31 0.055 8 0.001 4 0.294 6 0.007 5 0.038 0 0.000 5 443 56 262 6 240 3 91 L2-28 100.0 303 0.33 0.052 9 0.001 9 0.278 2 0.010 3 0.038 1 0.000 4 324 114 249 8 241 2 96 L2-14 110.0 411 0.27 0.051 6 0.001 9 0.275 0 0.011 3 0.038 5 0.000 4 333 81 247 9 244 2 98 L2-12 141.0 464 0.30 0.050 8 0.001 4 0.271 4 0.008 0 0.038 7 0.000 4 232 67 244 6 245 2 99 L2-13 173.0 494 0.35 0.051 4 0.001 2 0.275 6 0.006 9 0.038 9 0.000 3 257 56 247 5 246 2 99 L2-26 150.0 700 0.21 0.051 1 0.001 3 0.275 4 0.007 3 0.039 1 0.000 5 256 57 247 6 247 3 99 L2-10 126.0 294 0.43 0.052 4 0.001 7 0.285 1 0.009 4 0.039 2 0.000 4 306 72 255 7 248 3 97 L2-9 69.5 293 0.24 0.049 0 0.001 6 0.268 5 0.008 3 0.039 7 0.000 5 150 78 242 7 251 3 96 L2-27 95.6 417 0.23 0.052 6 0.001 4 0.300 4 0.008 7 0.041 4 0.000 6 322 61 267 7 262 4 98 L2-5 112.0 353 0.32 0.057 4 0.001 5 0.362 4 0.010 4 0.045 3 0.000 7 509 57 314 8 285 4 90 L2-24 168.0 179 0.94 0.054 8 0.001 8 0.502 8 0.016 7 0.066 6 0.000 8 467 72 414 11 416 5 99 L2-8 483.0 742 0.65 0.060 2 0.000 9 0.841 3 0.013 1 0.100 3 0.001 2 611 27 620 7 616 7 99 L2-20 105.0 96 1.09 0.059 1 0.002 1 0.826 3 0.029 8 0.101 9 0.001 1 569 78 612 17 626 7 97 L2-16 176.0 223 0.79 0.159 9 0.002 0 9.422 7 0.125 0 0.427 0 0.002 7 2 455 20 2 380 12 2 292 12 96 样品号：LZTG-3 LZTG-3-35 3 541.0 4 744 0.75 0.053 3 0.000 6 0.285 8 0.003 6 0.038 8 0.000 3 343 23 255 3 246 2 96 LZTG-3-16 4 726.0 3 418 1.38 0.054 6 0.000 7 0.292 6 0.003 2 0.038 9 0.000 2 394 32 261 3 246 2 94 LZTG-3-5 1 426.0 2 065 0.69 0.051 0 0.002 5 0.274 5 0.013 5 0.039 0 0.000 9 239 111 246 11 247 5 99 LZTG-3-31 5 619.0 9 639 0.58 0.052 7 0.000 7 0.283 9 0.004 1 0.039 0 0.000 3 322 31 254 3 247 2 97 LZTG-3-4 1 648.0 3 443 0.48 0.055 0 0.003 7 0.296 4 0.020 1 0.039 0 0.001 2 413 150 264 16 247 7 93 LZTG-3-32 2 900.0 4 985 0.58 0.053 2 0.000 7 0.287 5 0.003 9 0.039 1 0.000 3 345 30 257 3 247 2 96 LZTG-3-2 4 938.0 3 249 1.52 0.053 3 0.005 6 0.288 5 0.030 3 0.039 1 0.001 8 343 237 257 24 248 11 96 LZTG-3-6 104.0 168 0.62 0.053 1 0.002 1 0.285 2 0.011 7 0.039 3 0.000 9 332 89 255 9 248 6 97 LZTG-3-14 4 214.0 4 345 0.97 0.053 0 0.000 6 0.290 7 0.003 6 0.039 7 0.000 3 328 24 259 3 251 2 96 LZTG-3-1 215.0 267 0.81 0.055 5 0.006 9 0.304 2 0.037 9 0.039 8 0.002 2 432 280 270 29 252 13 93 LZTG-3-19 134.0 351 0.38 0.050 5 0.001 1 0.287 5 0.006 1 0.041 2 0.000 3 217 84 257 5 260 2 98 LZTG-3-3 230.0 429 0.54 0.051 2 0.004 4 0.291 6 0.025 4 0.041 3 0.001 6 250 200 260 20 261 10 99 LZTG-3-22 92.0 194 0.48 0.051 4 0.001 3 0.293 0 0.007 3 0.041 3 0.000 4 261 53 261 6 261 2 99 LZTG-3-24 199.0 335 0.59 0.054 3 0.001 4 0.310 1 0.007 6 0.041 3 0.000 3 383 56 274 6 261 2 95 LZTG-3-23 1 042.0 2 112 0.49 0.050 7 0.000 7 0.290 7 0.003 8 0.041 4 0.000 3 233 30 259 3 262 2 98 LZTG-3-20 1 405.0 4 850 0.29 0.051 7 0.000 6 0.298 5 0.003 6 0.041 7 0.000 2 333 19 265 3 264 1 99 LZTG-3-17 983.0 1 695 0.58 0.052 9 0.000 7 0.305 8 0.004 2 0.041 8 0.000 3 328 36 271 3 264 2 97 LZTG-3-9 736.0 1 057 0.70 0.050 4 0.000 6 0.291 7 0.004 1 0.041 8 0.000 3 213 30 260 3 264 2 98 LZTG-3-10 705.0 1 221 0.58 0.051 2 0.000 7 0.296 2 0.003 8 0.041 9 0.000 3 250 30 263 3 265 2 99 LZTG-3-21 608.0 1 294 0.47 0.052 5 0.000 7 0.304 6 0.004 3 0.041 9 0.000 4 309 30 270 3 265 2 98 LZTG-3-13 1 177.0 1 421 0.83 0.051 4 0.000 7 0.298 0 0.004 0 0.042 0 0.000 3 261 36 265 3 265 2 99 LZTG-3-15 954.0 1 865 0.51 0.050 2 0.000 5 0.292 3 0.003 7 0.042 1 0.000 3 206 21 260 3 266 2 97 LZTG-3-34 459.0 1 211 0.38 0.051 6 0.000 8 0.300 2 0.004 4 0.042 1 0.000 3 333 33 267 3 266 2 99 LZTG-3-27 258.0 548 0.47 0.052 2 0.000 9 0.307 7 0.005 3 0.042 6 0.000 3 295 39 272 4 269 2 98 LZTG-3-7 286.0 429 0.67 0.051 8 0.000 9 0.305 0 0.005 3 0.042 7 0.000 3 280 41 270 4 269 2 99 LZTG-3-8 584.0 1 029 0.57 0.051 0 0.000 8 0.301 0 0.004 8 0.042 7 0.000 2 239 32 267 4 269 1 99 LZTG-3-18 388.0 644 0.60 0.052 8 0.000 9 0.312 8 0.005 3 0.042 9 0.000 4 320 42 276 4 271 2 98 LZTG-3-33 543.0 1 305 0.42 0.052 1 0.000 8 0.308 8 0.004 7 0.043 1 0.000 4 300 35 273 4 272 3 99 LZTG-3-29 561.0 1 136 0.49 0.052 5 0.000 8 0.319 6 0.005 1 0.044 0 0.000 3 309 37 282 4 278 2 98 LZTG-3-28 132.0 320 0.41 0.054 8 0.001 3 0.347 3 0.008 2 0.045 9 0.000 4 467 52 303 6 289 2 95 LZTG-3-30 202.0 552 0.37 0.053 0 0.001 0 0.375 1 0.008 1 0.051 2 0.000 6 328 43 323 6 322 4 99 LZTG-3-11 168.0 221 0.76 0.079 2 0.000 9 2.250 8 0.029 2 0.205 8 0.001 6 1 176 22 1 197 9 1 207 9 99 LZTG-3-26 32.4 199 0.16 0.317 4 0.003 7 31.774 3 0.420 0 0.722 2 0.005 1 3 558 18 3 543 13 3 504 19 98 LZTG-3-25 60.0 195 0.31 0.345 4 0.005 2 37.115 0 0.635 0 0.775 8 0.007 8 3 687 23 3 697 17 3 702 28 99 
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