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    川西北二叠系茅口组海相优质烃源岩发育控制因素

    李红敬 解习农 黄俊华 陈慧 林正良

    李红敬, 解习农, 黄俊华, 陈慧, 林正良, 2012. 川西北二叠系茅口组海相优质烃源岩发育控制因素. 地球科学, 37(1): 171-180. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.017
    引用本文: 李红敬, 解习农, 黄俊华, 陈慧, 林正良, 2012. 川西北二叠系茅口组海相优质烃源岩发育控制因素. 地球科学, 37(1): 171-180. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.017
    LI Hong-jing, XIE Xi-nong, HUANG Jun-hua, CHEN Hui, LIN Zheng-liang, 2012. Main Factors Controlling the Formation of Excellent Marine Source Rocks in Permian Maokou Formation of Northwest Sichuan, China. Earth Science, 37(1): 171-180. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.017
    Citation: LI Hong-jing, XIE Xi-nong, HUANG Jun-hua, CHEN Hui, LIN Zheng-liang, 2012. Main Factors Controlling the Formation of Excellent Marine Source Rocks in Permian Maokou Formation of Northwest Sichuan, China. Earth Science, 37(1): 171-180. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.017

    川西北二叠系茅口组海相优质烃源岩发育控制因素

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.017
    基金项目: 

    中国石油化工股份有限公司海相油气勘探前瞻性项目 G0800-06-ZS-319

    湖北省自然科学重点基金 2008CDA095

    地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室开放课题 GPMR200914

    中国地质大学(武汉)构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室开放基金项目 TPR-2010-07

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      李红敬(1983-), 女, 在读博士, 主要从事层序地层学和烃源岩的研究

      通讯作者:

      解习农, E-mail: xnxie@cug.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P618.1

    Main Factors Controlling the Formation of Excellent Marine Source Rocks in Permian Maokou Formation of Northwest Sichuan, China

    • 摘要: 中国南方茅口组地层为区域性烃源岩. 茅口组底部和顶部均发育硅质岩, 顶部地层残余有机碳高达10.90%, 其厚度16 m, 为优质烃源岩层, 而该组底部为差烃源岩.通过岩石学、碳同位素和微量元素分析, 表明华南川西北地区茅口期存在2期上升流, 分别发育于茅口组沉积早期和晚期; 上升流所带来的营养盐有利于生物的发育, 产生高的初级生产力.结合碳同位素资料, 发现茅口期古海洋生物产率呈现出高-低-高的变化过程, 而大气中CO2含量变化也呈现高-低-高的变化过程.虽然茅口期底部为高初级生产力层段, 但是由于该沉积及早期成岩阶段为常氧环境, 不利于沉积有机质保存, 形成了差烃源岩, 而茅口组顶部沉积时期存在大的海侵事件, 海平面的上升导致厌氧环境形成, 沉积有机质大量保存下来, 形成优质烃源岩层段.该套烃源岩形成与发育主控因素分析是中国南方海相优质烃源岩分布预测和油气成藏研究的基础.

       

    • 图  1  二叠系四川广元上寺剖面岩性柱状图(a)及其地理位置(b)

      Fig.  1.  Map of the lithology (a) and location (b) of the Shangsi section in Guangyuan, Northwest Sichuan

      图  2  四川广元上寺剖面茅口组δ13Ccarbδ13CorgΔ13C和TOC分布(Δ13C=δ13Ccarb-δ13Corg)(生境型的划分据Yan et al., 2008)

      Fig.  2.  Paired carbon isotope and total organic carbon (TOC) from Maokou Formation at the Shangsi section in Guangyuan, Northwest Sichuan (Δ13C=δ13Ccarb-δ13Corg)

      图  3  光合作用(εp)、大气CO2含量和现代海洋浮游生物产率(μm/d)关系(Hayes et al., 1999, 有修改)

      大气CO2浓度(280×10-6)采用前工业水平(PIL)

      Fig.  3.  Generalized relationship between the photosynthetic fractionation effect (εp), atmospheric CO2 levels, and modern marine phytoplankton growth rates (μm/d)

      图  4  四川广元上寺剖面茅口组Ce异常及Ni/Co比值变化

      Fig.  4.  Ce abnormality and the ratio of Ni/Co from Maokou Formation at the Shangsi section in Guangyuan, Sichuan

      图  5  川西北二叠系茅口组海相优质烃源岩形成模式

      Fig.  5.  Forming model of excellent marine source rocks in Maokou Formation of the Permian strata, Northwest Sichuan

      表  1  四川广元上寺剖面茅口组样品微量元素数据

      Table  1.   Trace elements data from Maokou Formation at the Shangsi section in Guangyuan, Sichuan

      编号 地层 岩性 深度(m) Sc Co Ni La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Th U
      117-1 吴家坪组 灰岩 70.54 0.67 0.53 3.38 2.39 3.65 0.52 1.99 0.40 0.10 0.49 0.07 0.41 0.09 0.27 0.04 0.25 0.04 0.35 2.25
      106-2 茅口组 硅质岩 60.24 0.32 1.77 25.60 9.37 11.80 0.27 1.00 0.20 0.05 0.24 0.03 0.17 0.04 0.11 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.11 3.57
      106-1 茅口组 灰岩 60.14 0.69 0.63 28.20 5.19 2.80 0.59 2.28 0.42 0.10 0.47 0.07 0.44 0.11 0.30 0.05 0.28 0.04 0.18 6.14
      105-3 茅口组 页岩 59.48 1.54 1.81 114.0 10.70 8.30 1.41 5.49 0.96 0.22 1.06 0.15 0.87 0.21 0.56 0.08 0.50 0.07 0.79 15.70
      105-2 茅口组 页岩 58.92 1.45 2.11 122.0 9.56 7.64 1.34 5.24 0.88 0.18 0.96 0.14 0.84 0.19 0.50 0.07 0.44 0.07 0.74 10.60
      105-1 茅口组 灰岩 58.26 1.20 1.22 51.70 8.62 6.12 1.13 4.41 0.78 0.16 0.82 0.12 0.72 0.16 0.46 0.06 0.43 0.06 0.45 9.12
      104-1 茅口组 灰岩 57.52 3.22 3.19 75.40 16.70 17.30 2.22 8.25 1.44 0.31 1.40 0.21 1.21 0.26 0.69 0.11 0.64 0.10 1.75 8.00
      103-1 茅口组 灰岩 56.76 1.66 2.06 128.0 11.50 9.06 1.68 6.53 1.19 0.25 1.23 0.17 1.02 0.23 0.64 0.09 0.53 0.08 0.83 14.40
      102-1 茅口组 灰岩 56.32 0.49 0.45 13.80 2.11 1.18 0.27 1.03 0.18 0.04 0.19 0.03 0.18 0.05 0.13 0.02 0.14 0.02 0.11 4.37
      101-1 茅口组 灰岩 54.84 1.30 0.55 9.53 6.88 6.80 0.78 3.00 0.52 0.10 0.52 0.07 0.42 0.09 0.23 0.04 0.21 0.03 0.99 2.55
      100-2 茅口组 灰岩 54.42 0.44 0.44 10.90 2.49 1.30 0.25 0.98 0.19 0.03 0.18 0.03 0.18 0.04 0.11 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.09 4.01
      100-1′ 茅口组 页岩 53.52 1.52 1.59 53.10 18.90 19.40 1.48 5.85 1.07 0.21 1.11 0.16 0.97 0.22 0.58 0.08 0.48 0.08 1.07 12.00
      100-1 茅口组 灰岩 53.44 0.79 0.75 21.10 5.56 4.74 0.81 3.00 0.50 0.09 0.59 0.08 0.50 0.11 0.29 0.04 0.28 0.04 0.45 6.18
      95-4 茅口组 灰岩 47.1 1.21 2.72 45.70 4.82 5.31 0.80 2.92 0.55 0.14 0.57 0.09 0.52 0.12 0.32 0.05 0.29 0.05 0.58 5.64
      95-3 茅口组 灰岩 46.1 1.07 2.43 33.70 3.57 3.40 0.55 2.12 0.38 0.10 0.41 0.07 0.38 0.08 0.26 0.03 0.25 0.03 0.70 5.87
      95-2 茅口组 灰岩 44.5 0.40 0.86 11.00 0.87 0.74 0.10 0.41 0.09 0.02 0.08 0.01 0.07 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.10 2.09
      95-1′ 茅口组 页岩 43.5 1.63 5.10 78.80 6.23 6.72 0.99 3.50 0.61 0.14 0.68 0.10 0.60 0.15 0.42 0.07 0.38 0.07 1.36 12.80
      95-1 茅口组 灰岩 43.5 0.45 0.72 7.94 0.89 0.96 0.13 0.44 0.08 0.02 0.08 0.01 0.08 0.02 0.07 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.13 2.03
      94-3 茅口组 灰岩 41.95 0.48 0.86 10.80 1.03 1.16 0.18 0.68 0.14 0.03 0.15 0.02 0.15 0.04 0.09 0.02 0.10 0.02 0.13 1.40
      94-2 茅口组 硅质岩 41.75 0.42 0.97 11.00 0.74 0.85 0.14 0.52 0.11 0.03 0.12 0.02 0.11 0.03 0.07 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.15 1.65
      94-1 茅口组 灰岩 40.55 0.42 0.98 8.74 1.15 1.18 0.15 0.56 0.10 0.02 0.11 0.02 0.10 0.03 0.07 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.13 1.46
      93-1 茅口组 灰岩 38.1 0.71 1.46 10.60 1.39 1.85 0.26 0.97 0.18 0.04 0.19 0.03 0.17 0.04 0.11 0.02 0.10 0.02 0.24 2.30
      92-7 茅口组 灰岩 35.9 0.39 0.46 4.78 0.59 0.70 0.11 0.41 0.07 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.09 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.06 2.56
      92-5 茅口组 灰岩 32.9 0.37 0.49 5.57 0.67 0.75 0.10 0.42 0.08 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.07 3.70
      92-3 茅口组 灰岩 30.9 0.47 0.61 6.00 0.66 1.00 0.14 0.51 0.13 0.02 0.11 0.02 0.09 0.03 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.12 3.07
      86-3 茅口组 灰岩 2.8 0.61 1.48 4.16 1.11 1.84 0.21 0.85 0.15 0.04 0.20 0.03 0.21 0.05 0.13 0.02 0.11 0.02 0.22 2.60
      86-2 茅口组 灰岩 1.7 0.42 1.42 3.85 0.59 1.00 0.11 0.43 0.09 0.03 0.10 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.12 1.33
      85-7 栖霞组 灰岩 -0.1 0.61 1.70 4.77 1.54 2.45 0.26 0.96 0.16 0.04 0.17 0.02 0.13 0.03 0.07 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.29 1.73
      *注:深度单位为m,其他单位为10-6.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  四川广元上寺剖面二叠系茅口组TOC(%)数据统计

      Table  2.   TOC content (%) in different lithologies, Maokou Formation at the Shangsi section in Guangyuan, Sichuan

      岩性 样品数 最小值 最大值 平均值
      薄层状灰岩 5 1.22 10.90 5.16
      中层状灰岩 26 0.14 2.24 0.78
      厚层状灰岩 4 0.11 0.75 0.39
      巨厚层状灰岩 7 0.10 0.41 0.21
      硅质岩 4 0.45 0.96 0.78
      钙质页岩 6 2.43 5.07 4.19
      下载: 导出CSV
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    • 收稿日期:  2011-08-20
    • 刊出日期:  2012-01-15

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