扬子克拉通峡东地区新元古代-寒武纪黑色岩系Os同位素地球化学特征及其地质意义

王浩; 凌文黎; 段瑞春; 杨红梅; 陈子万; 秦雅东

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2012.052

扬子克拉通峡东地区新元古代-寒武纪黑色岩系Os同位素地球化学特征及其地质意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.052

王浩^{1, 2,},
凌文黎^{1, 3, ,},
段瑞春⁴,
杨红梅⁴,
陈子万^{1, 2, 3},
秦雅东^{1, 2}

1.
中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
中国地质大学研究生院, 湖北武汉 430074
3.
中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074
4.
武汉地质矿产研究所, 湖北武汉 430205

基金项目:

国土资源部公益性行业科研专项 200911043-19

国家自然科学基金项目 40673025

国家自然科学基金项目 40873017

教育部长江三峡库区地质灾害研究中心研究项目 TGRC201027

详细信息

作者简介:
王浩(1986-), 男, 博士研究生, 地球化学专业.E-mail: wanghaocug014051@163.com

通讯作者:
凌文黎, E-mail: wlling@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P595
计量
- 文章访问数: 552
- HTML全文浏览量: 594
- PDF下载量: 26
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2011-04-10
- 网络出版日期: 2021-11-09
- 刊出日期: 2012-05-01

Os Isotopic Geochemistry of Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Black Shales in Eastern Three Gorges of Yangtze Craton and Its Geological Significance

WANG Hao^{1, 2
,},
LING Wen-li^{1, 3
, ,},
DUAN Rui-chun⁴,
YANG Hong-mei⁴,
CHEN Zi-wan^{1, 2, 3},
QIN Ya-dong^{1, 2}

1.
Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Graduate School, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
4.
Wuhan Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430205, China

摘要

摘要: 报道了扬子克拉通峡东地区新元古代至寒武纪含碳黑色泥质岩的Re-Os同位素和微量元素地球化学组成特征, 并对地层沉积环境的演化性质及其地质意义进行了讨论.研究表明: (1)峡东地区新元古代晚期-寒武纪早期细粒碎屑沉积岩Os同位素初始比值呈规律变化, 且具高Os同位素初始比值的层位与前人研究中发现的C同位素负漂移地层相对应; (2)南沱组冰碛岩具高放射成因Os同位素组成特征, 而其上覆盖帽碳酸盐岩为低放射成因Os同位素比值, 向上地层Os同位素初始比值表现为局部波动、总体增高的演化趋势; (3)微量元素U/Th比值与δU值指示莲沱组砂岩与南沱组冰碛岩具氧化环境的特征, 而陡山沱组、灯影组以及水井沱组底部黑色泥质岩则形成于相对还原环境; (4)Y/Ho比值和δCe值的负相关性特征指示部分地层沉积过程中有海底热液物质参与, 应为导致剖面上部分层位出现低放射性成因Os同位素组成的重要原因之一.高Os同位素比值和深海的脉冲式演化以及古生物群的产出之间很好的对应关系为探讨大陆风化与大气和海洋中氧气含量增加的联系提供了新的地球化学证据.南沱组冰碛岩Os同位素以及微量元素特征暗示其并非形成于完全冰封的地球表面环境, 而是存在较强的大陆岩石风化作用.
- 地层学 /
- 峡东 /
- 新元古代晚期 /
- 寒武纪 /
- 黑色岩系 /
- Re-Os同位素 /
- 环境演化
Abstract: This paper presents an integrated Re-Os isotope and trace element investigation of the Neoproterozoic to Cambrian organic-bearing black mudstones in the eastern Three Gorges, the Yangtze Craton. Their sedimentary environmental evolution and geological significance are then discussed. It shows that (1) initial Os isotopic ratios of fine-grained sedimentary rocks from the strata display regular variations along the stratigraphic column. Of the strata, layers with negative δ¹³C excursions are coupled with high initial Os isotopic ratios; (2) the Nantuo tillite displays higher initial Os isotopic ratio than that of the overlying cap carbonate, while the overlying successive strata show an increase trend with several fluctuations; (3) geochemical features of U/Th ratio and δU value for the samples suggest that the Liantuo sandstone and Nantuo tillite were formed within oxidation environments, whereas black mudstones of the Doushantuo, Dengying and Shuijingtuo Formations were formed within reductive environments; (3) negative correlation between Y/Ho ratio and δCe value for the black mudstones is likely indicative of variable involvement of seafloor hydrothermal activity during some sediments deposited, which likely accounts for their low Os isotopic ratios. The correlation between high initial Os isotopic ratios and pulsed oxidation of deep ocean as well as appearance of metazoan in Late Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian afford a new clue for the linking of continental weathering extent with oxygen content in atmosphere and ocean. These Os isotopic and trace element features infer that the Nantuo tillites were formed in an environment where the earth's surface had not been fully covered by ice layer, and continent-derived inputs by intensive weathering played an important role.
- stratigraphy /
- eastern Three Gorges /
- Late Neoproterozoic /
- Cambrian /
- black shales /
- Re-Os isotope /
- environmental evolution

HTML全文

图 1 峡东地区新元古代-寒武纪地层区域分布简图及剖面位置(据张永清等，2008)

Fig. 1. Geological sketch map of the eastern Three Gorges showing sampling profile location

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 研究区新元古代-寒武纪地层采样位置示意(据Zhu, 2004)

Fig. 2. Stratigraphic column of the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian strata for the eastern Three Gorges and sampling positions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 Os同位素标样DTM的¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os比值测定结果

Fig. 3. Measured ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratios for DTM standard

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 秭归泗溪剖面新元古代晚期-寒武纪早期黑色岩系Re-Os含量关系

Fig. 4. Re-Os correlation plot for late Neoproterozoic-early Cambrian black shales from the eastern Three Gorges

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 峡东地区新元古代-寒武纪剖面Os-C-Sr同位素初始比值变化示意

C同位素数据来自Condon et al., 2005；Sr同位素数据来自Yang et al., 1999

Fig. 5. Variation trends of Os, C and Sr isotopes for the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian strata in the eastern Three Gorges

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 峡东地区新元古代晚期-寒武纪早期细碎屑沉积岩氧化还原环境δU-U/Th判别

Fig. 6. U/Th-δU plot for the late Neoproterozoic-early Cambrian fine-grained sedimentary rocks from the eastern Three Gorges

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 峡东地区新元代晚期-寒武纪早期细碎屑沉积岩Y/Ho-δCe(a)和δEu-δCe(b)关系

Fig. 7. Plots of δCe versus Y/Ho (a) and δEu (b) for the late Neoproterozoic-early Cambrian black shales from the eastern Three Gorges

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 实验室标样XG26与ZG08-13的¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os比值分析结果及其与文献值对比

Table 1. ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ratios of the in-house standard XG26 and sample ZG08-13 and comparison with literature

序号	样号	岩性	¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os比值	文献来源
1	XG26	橄榄岩	0.115 82±19	Yuan et al., 2007
2	XG26	橄榄岩	0.114 84±27	同上
3	XG26	橄榄岩	0.115 93±36	本文
4	XG26	橄榄岩	0.115 89±8	本文
5	XG26	橄榄岩	0.114 66±12	本文
6	ZG08-13	碳质页岩	2.606 8±3	本文(CrO₃-H₂SO₄溶液溶样)
7	ZG08-13	碳质页岩	2.606 1±12	本文(反王水溶液溶样)

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 峡东泗溪剖面新元古代-寒武纪黑色岩系Re-Os同位素分析数据

Table 2. Re-Os isotopic compositions of the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian black shales from the Sixi profiles of the eastern Three Gorges

样号	ZG08-9-2	ZG08-12	ZG08-13	ZG08-14-1	ZG08-14-2	ZG08-14-3	ZG08-14-4	ZG08-23-1	ZG08-23-2	ZG08-23-3	ZG08-24	ZG08-25	ZG08-29
地层单元	水井沱组	灯影组	灯影组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	南沱组	莲沱组
岩性	黑色页岩	泥质灰岩	碳质页岩	黑色页岩	黑色页岩	沥青	黑色页岩	黑色页岩	黑色页岩	黑色页岩	泥质灰岩	冰碛岩	粉砂质泥质岩
¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os^①	39.5	125.0	186.2	96.6	245.6	240.9	188.1	197.0	215.1	157.1	63.2	43.9	47.8
¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os	1.155 0	1.822 8	2.606 1	1.705 0	3.066 0	3.441 5	2.360 5	2.860 4	2.695 4	2.032 6	1.065 2	1.233 5	0.885 3
2σ_m^②	0.000 6	0.003 3	0.001 2	0.001 2	0.007 0	0.001 4	0.009 0	0.008 7	0.002 4	0.002 1	0.003 4	0.004 0	0.000 9
Re/Os^③	7.23	21.24	29.19	16.62	36.84	34.90	30.23	30.14	33.44	26.10	11.69	7.96	9.02
Re含量(ng/g)	2.49	0.43	21.03	7.90	5.07	12.46	2.57	5.34	6.77	7.29	0.28	0.09	0.10
Os含量(ng/g)	0.344	0.020	0.721	0.475	0.137	0.357	0.085	0.177	0.202	0.279	0.024	0.011	0.011
T_MA(Ga)^④	1.56	0.81	0.80	0.98	0.72	0.82	0.71	0.83	0.71	0.73	0.89	1.51	0.95
I_Os^⑤	0.80	0.69	0.89	0.81	0.80	1.22	0.63	0.88	0.53	0.45	0.39	0.77	0.31
注：①¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os比值据样品¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os比值及Re和Os含量计算获得；②¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os误差2σ_m为测量误差；③Re/Os为样品的Re、Os含量比；④T_MA=1/λln[((¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os)_sample-(¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os)_chond)/((¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os)_sample-(¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os)_chond)]，(¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os)_chond=0.401 86，(¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os)_chond=0.127(Walker and Morgan, 1989)；⑤I_Os为样品的Os同位素初始比值，其计算公式为¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os-¹⁸⁷Re/¹⁸⁸Os×(e^λt-1)，λ=1.666×10^-11a^-1(Smoliar et al., 1996)；莲沱组样品t取值为724 Ma(高维和张传恒，2009)，南沱组样品t取值为635 Ma(Condon et al., 2005)，陡山沱组样品t取值为635~551 Ma(Condon et al., 2005)，灯影组上部样品t取值为542 Ma，下部样品t取值为551 Ma(Condon et al., 2005)，寒武纪水井沱组样品t取值为535 Ma(Jiang et al*., 2007).

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 峡东泗溪剖面新元古代-寒武纪黑色岩系微量元素组成(μg/g)

Table 3. Trace element compositions of the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian black shales from the Sixi profile of the eastern Three Gorges

样号	ZG08-8	ZG08-9-2	ZG08-12	ZG08-13	ZG08-14-1	ZG08-14-2	ZG08-14-3	ZG08-14-4
层位	水井沱组	水井沱组	灯影组	灯影组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组
岩性	黑色页岩	黑色页岩	泥质灰岩	碳质页岩	黑色页岩	黑色页岩	沥青	黑色页岩
Ni	85.4	31.9	3.06	5.76	50.6	16.3	42.9	23.0
Y	30.9	51.5	1.49	11.1	44.0	33.0	76.7	14.3
La	19.4	49.9	1.22	9.36	48.2	33.7	95.9	12.7
Ce	25.3	53.2	1.02	11.2	65.6	31.9	99.5	21.2
Pr	3.72	10.6	0.26	1.85	16.9	8.63	25.9	3.51
Nd	14.8	43.6	1.06	6.94	77.1	38.3	115	14.3
Sm	2.90	8.18	0.20	1.19	13.9	6.71	19.4	2.97
Eu	0.64	1.63	0.057	0.24	2.02	1.40	3.63	0.65
Gd	3.04	7.79	0.21	1.05	10.7	6.02	15.7	2.78
Tb	0.46	1.12	0.036	0.18	1.35	0.84	2.08	0.42
Dy	2.95	6.40	0.20	1.45	7.26	4.48	11.3	2.45
Ho	0.72	1.35	0.043	0.38	1.39	0.91	2.25	0.50
Er	2.09	3.59	0.10	1.34	3.67	2.35	5.79	1.34
Tm	0.29	0.51	0.014	0.22	0.47	0.30	0.74	0.16
Yb	1.82	2.68	0.076	1.63	2.80	1.51	4.20	1.07
Lu	0.27	0.41	0.010	0.26	0.43	0.21	0.58	0.16
Hf	1.57	3.03	0.032	1.44	2.67	1.22	2.52	1.48
Ta	0.29	0.82	0.016	0.32	0.55	0.22	0.51	0.31
Pb	7.34	10.9	0.65	3.01	18.8	4.98	16.9	6.37
Th	3.65	8.33	0.075	2.50	7.54	2.39	7.24	2.47
U	35.5	5.87	1.73	4.52	10.1	1.85	7.32	1.00
Y/Ho	43.1	38.1	34.3	29.1	31.5	36.3	34.1	28.7
U/Th	9.72	0.71	23.0	1.81	1.35	0.77	1.01	0.41
δU	34.3	3.10	1.70	3.68	7.63	1.05	4.90	0.18
∑REE	78.4	191	4.50	37.3	252	137	402	64.2
(La/Yb)_N	7.54	13.2	11.3	4.06	12.2	15.8	16.1	8.44
δCe	0.70	0.56	0.43	0.64	0.58	0.46	0.50	0.79
δEu	0.63	0.59	0.81	0.62	0.47	0.64	0.59	0.66

样号	ZG08-15	ZG08-23-1	ZG08-23-2	ZG08-23-3	ZG08-24	ZG08-25	ZG08-26	ZG08-29
层位	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	陡山沱组	南沱组	莲沱组	莲沱组
岩性	黑色页岩	黑色页岩	黑色页岩	黑色页岩	泥质灰岩	冰碛岩	长石石英砂岩	粉砂质泥岩
Ni	36.3	39.9	40.5	44.3	3.08	21.4	1.73	13.4
Y	25.2	20.8	22.3	28.5	1.90	29.7	16.2	46.8
La	18.1	17.9	17.3	19.3	1.30	28.4	35.2	46.6
Ce	27.5	28.1	27.2	28.9	1.13	56.2	57.9	91.4
Pr	4.61	4.22	4.44	4.81	0.27	7.16	6.17	12.0
Nd	19.3	17.1	18.5	20.6	1.25	27.5	21.9	47.5
Sm	4.01	3.53	3.84	4.22	0.27	5.87	3.38	9.61
Eu	0.97	0.89	0.95	1.07	0.055	1.14	0.81	2.49
Gd	4.19	3.49	3.77	4.42	0.27	5.46	3.01	9.31
Tb	0.63	0.55	0.56	0.67	0.038	0.89	0.44	1.42
Dy	3.66	3.25	3.27	3.94	0.22	5.45	2.57	8.44
Ho	0.77	0.67	0.70	0.81	0.045	1.13	0.53	1.68
Er	2.04	1.83	1.89	2.23	0.13	3.20	1.50	4.61
Tm	0.29	0.26	0.26	0.30	0.017	0.49	0.24	0.68
Yb	1.60	1.62	1.58	1.74	0.10	3.16	1.59	4.46
Lu	0.24	0.23	0.22	0.25	0.013	0.47	0.25	0.67
Hf	2.03	2.04	1.92	1.42	0.033	4.93	2.93	7.37
Ta	0.41	0.41	0.40	0.34	0.014	0.73	0.35	0.69
Pb	6.73	6.65	5.92	4.88	0.52	11.1	12.8	15.0
Th	3.13	2.92	2.94	2.54	0.096	8.83	4.04	7.73
U	2.82	2.08	2.30	3.44	1.98	1.46	0.67	1.45
Y/Ho	33.0	31.2	32.0	35.1	42.0	26.3	30.6	27.9
U/Th	0.90	0.71	0.78	1.35	21.0	0.17	0.17	0.19
δU^①	1.77	1.10	1.32	2.59	1.95	-1.49	-0.68	-1.13
∑REE^②	87.9	83.7	84.4	93.3	5.11	146	136	241
(La/Yb)_N^③	8.02	7.85	7.75	7.82	9.20	6.36	15.7	7.41
δCe^④	0.74	0.79	0.77	0.74	0.46	0.97	0.91	0.95
δEu^⑤	0.69	0.74	0.73	0.72	0.58	0.58	0.73	0.77
注：①δU=U-Th/3；②∑REE表示为稀土元素总含量；③下标N代表球粒陨石标准化(Sun and McDonough, 1989)；④δCe=2×Ce_N/(La_N+Pr_N)；⑤δEu=2×Eu_N/(Sm_N+Gd_N).

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(62)

Allen, P.A., Etienne, J.L., 2008. Sedimentary challenge to snowball earth. Nature Geoscience, 1(12): 817-825. doi: 10.1038/ngeo355
Anbar, A.D., Knoll, A.H., 2002. Proterozoic ocean chemistry and evolution: a bioinorganic bridge? Science, 297(5584): 1137-1142. doi: 10.1126/science.1069651
Bao, H.M., Lyons, J.R., Zhou, C.M., 2008. Triple oxygen isotope evidence for elevated CO₂ levels after a Neoproterozoic glaciation. Nature, 453(7194): 504-506. doi: 10.1038/nature06959
Bau, M., 1996. Controls on the fractionation of isovalent trace elements in magmatic and aqueous systems: evidence from Y/Ho, Zr/Hf, and lanthanide tetrad effect. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 123(3): 323-333. doi: 10.1007/s004100050159
Campbell, I.H., Allen, C.M., 2008. Formation of supercontinents linked to increases in atmospheric oxygen. Nature Geoscience, 1(8): 554-558. doi: 10.1038/ngeo259
Cohen, A.S., 2004. The rhenium-osmium isotope system: applications to geochronological and palaeoenvironmental problems. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 161(4): 729-734. doi: 10.1144/0016-764903-084
Cohen, A.S., Coe, A.L., Bartlett, J.M., et al., 1999. Precise Re-Os ages of organic-rich mudrocks and the Os isotope composition of Jurassic seawater. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 167(3-4): 159-173. doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00026-6
Condon, D., Zhu, M.Y., Bowring, S., et al., 2005. U-Pb ages from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation, China. Science, 308(5718): 95-98. doi: 10.1126/science.1107765
Dobrzinski, N., Bahlburg, H., Strauss, H., 2003. Geochemistry of Sinian tillites from Hunan Province, South China—a test of the snowball earth hypothesis. Progress in Natural Science, 13(11): 867-874. doi: 10.1080/10020070312331344570
Esser, B.K., Turekian, K.K., 1993. The osmium isotopic composition of the continental crust. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 57(13): 3093-3104. doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90296-9
Fike, D.A., Grotzinger, J.P., Pratt, L.M., et al., 2006. Oxidation of the Ediacaran Ocean. Nature, 444(7120): 744-747. doi: 10.1038/nature05345
Gao, W., Zhang, C.H., 2009. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb ages of the Huangling granite and the tuff beds from Liantuo Formation in the Three Gorges area of Yangtze River, China and its geological significance. Geological Bulletin of China, 28(1): 45-50 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Hoffman, P.F., 1991. Did the breakout of Laurentia turn Gondwanaland inside-out? Science, 252(5011): 1409-1412. doi: 10.1126/science.252.5011.1409
Hoffman, P.F., Kaufman, A.J., Halverson, G.P., et al., 1998. A Neoproterozoic snowball earth. Science, 281(5381): 1342-1346. doi: 10.1126/science.281.5381.1342
Jiang, G.Q., Kennedy, M.J., Christie-Blick, N., 2003. Stable isotopic evidence for methane seeps in Neoproterozoic postglacial cap carbonates. Nature, 426(6968): 822-826. doi: 10.1038/nature02201
Jiang, S.Y., Chen, Y.Q., Ling, H.F., et al., 2006. Trace- and rare-earth element geochemistry and Pb-Pb dating of black shales and intercalated Ni-Mo-PGE-Au sulfide ores in lower Cambrian strata, Yangtze Platform, South China. Mineralium Deposita, 41(5): 453-467. doi: 10.1007/s00126-006-0066-6
Jiang, S.Y., Yang, J.H., Ling, H.F., et al., 2007. Extreme enrichment of polymetallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Au in lower Cambrian black shales of South China: an Os isotope and PGE geochemical investigation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 254(1-2): 217-228. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.03.024
Kendall, B., Creaser, R.A., Selby, D., 2006. Re-Os geochronology of postglacial black shales in Australia: constraints on the timing of "Sturtian" glaciation. Geology, 34(9): 729-732. doi: 10.1130/G22775.1
Knoll, A.H., Walter, M.R., Narbonne, G.M., et al., 2006. The Ediacaran Period: a new addition to the geologic time scale. Lethaia, 39(1): 13-30. doi: 10.1080/00241160500409223
Koeberl, C., Farley, K.A., Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B., et al., 2004. Geochemistry of the end-Permian extinction event in Austria and Italy: no evidence for an extraterrestrial component. Geology, 32(12): 1053-1056. doi: 10.1130/G20907.1
Konhauser, K.O., Pecoits, E., Lalonde, S.V., et al., 2009. Oceanic nickel depletion and a methanogen famine before the great oxidation event. Nature, 458(7239): 750-753. doi: 10.1038/nature07858
Li, M.J., Wang, T.G., 2007. Molecular geochemical evidence for the paleoenvironment of the Late Neoproterozoic "snowball earth" age in the Yangtze region. Acta Geologica Sinica, 81(2): 220-229 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/281700069_Molecular_geochemical_evidence_for_the_paleoenvironment_of_the_Late_Neoproterozoic_Snowball_Earth_age_in_the_Yangtze_Region
Li, Z.X., Li, X.H., Kinny, P.D., et al., 2003. Geochronology of Neoproterozoic syn-rift magmatism in the Yangtze Craton, South China and correlations with other continents: evidence for a mantle superplume that broke up Rodinia. Precambrian Research, 122(1-4): 85-109. doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00208-5
Ling, H.F., Feng, H.Z., Pan, J.Y., et al., 2007. Carbon isotope variation through the neoproterozoic Doushantuo and Dengying formations, South China: implications for chemostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental change. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 254(1-2): 158-174. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.03.023
Ling, W.L., Gao, S., Zhang, B.R., et al., 2003. Neoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the northwestern Yangtze craton, South China: implications for amalgamation and break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent. Precambrian Research, 122(1-4): 111-140. doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(02)00222-X
Liu, Y.S., Zong, K.Q., Kelemen, P.B., et al., 2008. Geochemistry and magmatic history of eclogues and ultramafic rocks from the Chinese continental scientific drill hole: subduction and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism of lower crustal cumulates. Chemical Geology, 247(1-2): 133-153. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.10.016
McFadden, K.A., Huang, J., Chu, X.L., et al., 2008. Pulsed oxidation and biological evolution in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(9): 3197-3202. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708336105
McFadden, K.A., Xiao, S.H., Zhou, C.M., et al., 2009. Quantitative evaluation of the biostratigraphic distribution of acanthomorphic acritarchs in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area, South China. Precambrian Research, 173(1-4): 170-190. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2009.03.009
Oxburgh, R., 1998. Variations in the osmium isotope composition of sea water over the last 200 000 years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 159(3-4): 183-191. doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00057-0
Palmer, M.R., Edmond, J.M., 1989. The strontium isotope budget of the modern ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 92(1): 11-26. doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(89)90017-4
Pattan, J.N., Pearce, N.J.G., Mislankar, P.G., 2005. Constraints in using cerium-anomaly of bulk sediments as an indicator of paleo bottom water redox environment: a case study from the Central Indian Ocean basin. Chemical Geology, 221(3-4): 260-278. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.06.009
Selby, D., Creaser, R.A., 2003. Re-Os geochronology of organic rich sediments: an evaluation of organic matter analysis methods. Chemical Geology, 200(3-4): 225-240. doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(03)00199-2
Selby, D., Creaser, R.A., 2005. Direct radiometric dating of the Devonian-Mississippian time-scale boundary using the Re-Os black shale geochronometer. Geology, 33(7): 545-548. doi: 10.1130/G21324.1
Sharma, M., Papanastassiou, D.A., Wasserburg, G.J., 1997. The concentration and isotopic composition of osmium in the oceans. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61(16): 3287-3299. doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(03)00199-2
Shen, Y., Schidlowski, M., 2000. New C isotope stratigraphy from Southwest China: Implications for the placement of the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary on the Yangtze Platform and global correlations. Geology, 28(7): 623-626. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<623:NCISFS>2.0.CO;2
Shirey, S.B., Walker, R.J., 1995. Carius tube digestion for low-blank rhenium-osmium analysis. Analytical Chemistry, 67(13): 2136-2141. doi: 10.1021/ac00109a036
Singh, S.K., Trivedi, J.R., Krishnaswam, S., 1999. Re-Os isotope systematics in black shales from the Lesser Himalaya: their chronology and role in the ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os evolution of seawater. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63(16): 2381-2392. doi: 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00201-X
Smoliar, M.I., Walker, R.J., Morgan, J.W., 1996. Re-Os isotope ages of Group IIA, IIIA, IVA, and IVB iron meteorites. Science, 271(5252): 1099-1102. doi: 10.1126/science.271.5252.1099
Sun, S.S., McDonough, W.F., 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalt: Implications for mantle composition and processes. In: Sanders, A.D., Norry, M.J., ed., Magmatism in the ocean basins. Geological Society Special Publications, London, 313-345.
Sun, W.D., Bennett, V.C., Eggins, S.M., et al., 2003. Enhanced mantle-to-crust rhenium transfer in undegassed arc magmas. Nature, 422(6929): 294-297. doi: 10.1038/nature01482
Turgeon, S.C., Creaser, R.A., 2008. Cretaceous oceanic anoxic event 2 triggered by a massive magmatic episode. Nature, 454(7202): 323-329. doi: 10.1038/nature07076
Veizer, J., Ala, D., Azmy, K., et al., 1999. ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O evolution of Phanerozoic seawater. Chemical Geology, 161(1-3): 59-88. doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00081-9
Walker, R.J., Morgan, J.W., 1989. Rhenium-osmium isotope systematics of carbonaceous chondrites. Science, 243(4890): 519-522. doi: 10.1126/science.243.4890.519
Wilde, P., Quinby-Hunt, M., Erdtmann, B., 1996. The whole-rock cerium anomaly: a potential indicator of eustatic sea-level changes in shales of the anoxic facies. Sedimentary Geology, 101(1-2): 43-53. doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00081-9
Xie, S.W., Gao, S., Liu, X.M., et al., 2009. U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes of detrital zircons of Nanhua sedimentary rocks from the Yangtze Gorges: implications for genesis of Neoproterozoic magmatism in South China. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 34(1): 117-126 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2009.011
Yang, H.M., 2009. An improved analytical method of Re-Os isotopes for the basic to intermediate basic igneous rocks and its application to the study of the Mesozoic lithospheric thinning in Shandong Province (Dissertation). China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 27-56 (in Chinese).
Yang, J.D., Sun, W.G., Wang, Z.Z., et al., 1999. Variations in Sr and C isotopes and Ce anomalies in successions from China: evidence for the oxygenation of Proterozoic seawater. Precambrian Research, 93(2-3): 215-233. doi: 10.1016/S0301-9268(98)00092-8
Yang, J.H., Jiang, S.Y., Ling, H.F., et al., 2005. Re-Os isotope tracing and dating of black shales and oceanic anoxic events. Earth Science Frontiers, 12(2): 143-150(in Chinese with English abstract). http://search.cnki.net/down/default.aspx?filename=DXQY20050200J&dbcode=CJFD&year=2005&dflag=pdfdown
Ye, J., Fan, D.L., 2000. Characteristics and mineralization of ore deposits related to black shale series. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 19(2): 95-102(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-KYDH200002003.htm
Yin, L.M., Zhu, M.Y., Knoll, A.H., et al., 2007. Doushantuo embryos preserved inside diapause egg cysts. Nature, 446(7136): 661-663. doi: 10.1038/Nature05682
Yuan, H.L., Gao, S., Rudnick, R.L., et al., 2007. Re-Os evidence for the age and origin of peridotites from the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt, China. Chemical Geology, 236(3-4): 323-338. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.10.009
Zhang, Q.R., Chu, X.L., Bahlburg, H., et al., 2003. Stratigraphic architecture of the Neoproterzoic glacial rocks in the"Xiang-Qian-Gui"region of the central Yangtze block, South China. Progress in Natural Science, 13(10): 783-787. doi: 10.1080/10020070312331344430
Zhang, Y.Q., Ling, W.L., Li, F.L., 2008. Elemental and Sr-Nd isotopic mobility during weathering process of the Nanhua-Cambrian sedimentary strata in the eastern Three Gorges and its geochemical implication. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 33(3): 301-312(in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2008.040
Zheng, Y.F., Fu, B., Gong, B., et al., 2003. Stable isotope geochemistry of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks from the Dabie-Sulu orogen in China: implications for geodynamics and fluid regime. Earth-Science Reviews, 62(1-2): 105-161. doi: 10.1016/S0012-8252(02)00133-2
Zhu, M.Y., 2004. Biological and geological processes of the cambrian explosion: evidence from the Yangtze platform of South China introduction. Progress in Natural Science, V-X.
高维, 张传恒, 2009. 长江三峡黄陵花岗岩与莲沱组凝灰岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其构造地层意义. 地质通报, 28(1): 45-50. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2009.01.006
李美俊, 王铁冠, 2007. 扬子区新元古代"雪球"时期古环境的分子地球化学证据. 地质学报, 81(2): 220-229. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2007.02.011
谢士稳, 高山, 柳小明, 等, 2009. 扬子克拉通南华纪碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素对华南新元古代岩浆事件的指示. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 34(1): 117-126. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200901012.htm
杨红梅, 2009. 基性-中基性岩浆岩Re-Os同位素分析测试技术及其在山东中生代岩石圈减薄事件研究中的应用(博士学位论文). 武汉: 中国地质大学, 27-56.
杨兢红, 蒋少涌, 凌洪飞, 等, 2005. 黑色页岩与大洋缺洋事件的Re-Os同位素示踪与定年研究. 地学前缘, 12(2): 143-150. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2005.02.016
叶杰, 范德廉, 2000. 黑色岩系型矿床的形成作用及其在我国的产出特征. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 19(2): 95-102. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2802.2000.02.004
张永清, 凌文黎, 李方林, 2008. 峡东地区南华纪-寒武纪地层风化过程元素及Sr-Nd同位素演化特征及其地球化学意义. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 33(3): 301-312. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200803003.htm