Characteristics of the Steep-Slope Off-Shore Subaqueous Fan of Nantun Formation in Ta nan Sag in Mongolia
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摘要: 蒙古国塔南凹陷南屯组中发育大量远岸水下扇沉积，综合岩石学特征、重矿物组合及地震资料分析，确定其为盆地陡坡物源供给形成，属于罕见的陡坡远岸水下扇.在总结陡坡远岸水下扇地震、测井及岩心特征的基础上，将其划分为供给水道、内扇、中扇、外扇4种亚相及若干微相，不同相带特征差异显著.陡坡远岸水下扇主要沿中央断层呈串珠状展布，并在低水位体系域、水进体系域及水退体系域中均有发育，其形成和演化受物源供给、古地形及构造运动3方面因素共同控制.其储集物性整体较差，但在周围高压暗色泥岩的配合下，往往可以形成大量岩性油气藏和构造—岩性复合油气藏，受非连续沉积及层内非均质性影响，陡坡远岸水下扇油藏通常具有含油层数多、单一油层厚度薄、不同油层之间含油性差异大的特点.Abstract: The strata of Nantun Formation in Ta nan sag of Mongolia developed a great number of offshore subaqueous fan deposits, which has been determined to have been formed by the supplying source of steep slope of the basin according to the synthetically analysis of the petrologic characteristics, the heavy mineral assemblages and the seismic data, and it is also found out that this subaqueous fan is a kind of infrequent steep-slope offshore subaqueous fan. On the basis of the summary of the seismic, logging and core features, the offshore subaqueous fan can be divided into four kinds of sub-facies (supply channel, inner fan, middle-fan, and outer fan respectively) and several micro facies, and there are significantly different characteristics between different facies belts.The steep-slope offshore subaqueous fan spread along the central fault in the form of string beadings and developed in low stand system tract, transgressive system tract and regressive system. The formation and evolution of the steep-slope offshore subaqueous fan were commonly controlled by three factors, namely, sediment supply, ancient landform and tectonic movement. Despite its poor reservoir properties, amounts of lithologic reservoirs and tectonic-lithologic combined reservoirs often formed in the system owing to the surrounding high pressure dark mudstone. It was influenced by the incontinuous deposition as well as the inner heterogeneity of layers.The reservoirs of the steep offshore subaqueous fan usually are featured with more oil layers, thin single oil layers and different oiliness levels in different layers.
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图 2 南屯组陡坡远岸水下扇展布
Fig. 2. The distribution of off-shore underwater fan of abrupt slope in Nantun Formation
图 3 陡坡远岸水下扇沉积特征模式
a.含砾砂质泥岩，砾石非定向排列，下部见冲刷面，T78井2 593.74 m供给水道亚相；b.含砾砂质泥岩，含砂质条带及少量泥砾，T86井2 530.38 m供给水道亚相；c.含砾砂质泥岩，可见砾石层及砂层变形，T86井2 530.03 m供给水道亚相；d.杂基支撑砾岩，砾石非定向，T78井2 588.64 m主沟道微相；e.砾质杂砂岩，正粒序，T78井2 588.44 m主沟道微相；f.含砾砂质泥岩，具滑塌变形，下部见泥质漂砾，T78井2 591.09 m主沟道外微相；g.块状砂岩，具微断层，T27井2 782.8 m辫状沟道微相；h.含砾杂砂岩，上部为正粒序，下部可见两期冲刷面，T57-1井2 647.83 m辫状沟道微相；i.杂砂岩中的泥质漂砾，漂砾中含有少量砾石，T57井2 718.09 m辫状沟道微相；j.上部为鲍马序列ADE段，下部具滑塌变形，T57-1井2 636.05 m沟道间微相；k.杂砂岩夹泥岩薄层，上部可见杂砂岩碎屑脉，T57井2 719.19 m沟道间微相；l.泥岩夹粉砂岩薄层，可见水平层理及透镜状层理，T78井2 186.37 m外扇亚相；m.鲍马序列CDE段，T78井2 185.92 m外扇亚相；n.粉砂岩，底部可见重荷模及火焰构造，T78井2 187.22 m外扇亚相
Fig. 3. The sediment patterns of off-shore underwater fan of abrupt slope
图 4 南屯组陡坡远岸水下扇电性特征
Fig. 4. Electrical characteristics of off-shore underwater fan of abrupt slope in Nantun Formation
图 5 陡坡远岸水下扇地震反射特征剖面
Fig. 5. The sections of seismic reflection characteristic of off-shore underwater fan of abrupt slope
图 6 陡坡远岸水下扇演化模式
Fig. 6. The evolution model of off-shore underwater fan of abrupt slope
图 7 陡坡远岸水下扇物性变化
Fig. 7. The physical property changes of off-shore underwater fan of abrupt slope
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