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    天山山脉剥露程度与矿产保存关系初探

    陈正乐 周永贵 韩凤彬 陈柏林 郝瑞祥 李松彬 刘增仁

    陈正乐, 周永贵, 韩凤彬, 陈柏林, 郝瑞祥, 李松彬, 刘增仁, 2012. 天山山脉剥露程度与矿产保存关系初探. 地球科学, 37(5): 903-916. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.099
    引用本文: 陈正乐, 周永贵, 韩凤彬, 陈柏林, 郝瑞祥, 李松彬, 刘增仁, 2012. 天山山脉剥露程度与矿产保存关系初探. 地球科学, 37(5): 903-916. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.099
    CHEN Zheng-le, ZHOU Yong-gui, HAN Feng-bin, CHEN Bai-lin, HAO Rui-xiang, LI Song-bin, LIU Zeng-ren, 2012. Exhumation Degree of the Tianshan Range and Its Implications for Ore Preservation. Earth Science, 37(5): 903-916. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.099
    Citation: CHEN Zheng-le, ZHOU Yong-gui, HAN Feng-bin, CHEN Bai-lin, HAO Rui-xiang, LI Song-bin, LIU Zeng-ren, 2012. Exhumation Degree of the Tianshan Range and Its Implications for Ore Preservation. Earth Science, 37(5): 903-916. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.099

    天山山脉剥露程度与矿产保存关系初探

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.099
    基金项目: 

    国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目 2007CB411305

    国家自然科学基金项目 41072071

    全国危机矿山接替资源找矿项目 20089950

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      陈正乐(1967-), 男, 研究员, 主要从事矿田构造方面研究.E-mail: chengzhengle@263.net

    • 中图分类号: P612

    Exhumation Degree of the Tianshan Range and Its Implications for Ore Preservation

    • 摘要: 成矿后含矿地质体的剥露程度与矿体的保存关系是矿床学研究的疑难问题之一.利用中酸性侵入岩体的出露程度, 结合磷灰石裂变径迹测试结果及现今发现的矿产展布特征, 探讨天山山脉剥露程度与内生金属矿产保存之间的关系, 进而为区域找矿提供理论指导.统计结果表明, 北天山西段的依连哈比尕尔山、中段的博格达山和西南天山山脉皆缺乏大面积分布的深成侵入岩, 已经发现的内生金属矿产较少, 且以中低温的矿床为主; 北天山南部的觉罗塔格地区、中天山和南天山东段都大面积出露中酸性岩体, 已经发现了大量大型-超大型规模内生金属矿床, 以中高温成矿为特征; 综合分析已有的磷灰石裂变径迹测年结果统计显示, 北天山西段的依连哈比尕山、中段的博格达山和西南天山中生代晚期开始隆升, 新生代25 Ma以来隆升强烈; 北天山南部、中天山以及南天山东段山脉从侏罗纪早期就已经开始隆升而接受剥蚀, 新生代隆升较弱.结合现今山脉的地质背景、内生金属矿产展布特征、山脉隆升时间及其现今地貌特征推测, 北天山西段的依连哈比尕山、中段的博格达山和西南天山山脉由于剥蚀时间短, 因而其剥蚀程度相对较低, 地表仍出露表壳的沉积-火山岩系, 以中酸性侵入岩体为代表的深成岩体由于剥蚀量不够而还没有出露于地表, 地表出露低温的内生金属矿产; 北天山南部、中天山以及南天山东段山脉开始隆升时间早, 新生代隆升弱, 因而总体上剥蚀量、剥蚀程度大, 表壳岩系已经剥蚀殆尽, 广泛出露深成侵入岩体, 与中酸性岩体侵位有关的中高温矿产广泛展布.为此, 进一步指出了在天山山脉不同构造分区内应该着重寻找不同类型、不同成矿温度的内生金属矿产, 推测西南天山具有较好的找矿远景空间, 并认为山体剥露程度的差异是造成所谓"大矿不过国界"的主要原因之一.

       

    • 图  1  天山山脉地质、构造分区及其中酸性侵入岩体和部分金属矿产分布简图(图中地质底图来自于MapGIS版的1:50万新疆地质图,此图国界线非标准依据)

      Ⅰ.北天山; Ⅱ. 中天山: Ⅲ. 南天山: 图中4B线表示了地理单元上东天山和西天山分界线的大概位置; 图中构造分区: 1. 北天山西段: 2. 北天山中段(博格达山); 3. 北天山东段(哈尔里克山): 4. 北天山南部: 5. 中天山; 6. 西南天山: 7. 南天山东段(文中图 4图 6图 1)

      Fig.  1.  Simplified geology. tectonic unites and distributions of intermediate-acid intrusive rocks and parts of metal ore deposits in different units of the Tianshan range. This map is modified from 1 : 500 000 Xinjiang geological nap in Mapgis-version

      图  2  天山山脉不同构造分区中酸性侵入岩体个数百分比

      1.北天山西段;2.北天山中段(博格达山);3.北天山东段(哈尔里克山);4.北天山南部;5.中天山;6.西南天山;7.南天山东段

      Fig.  2.  Number percentage of intermediate-acid intrusive bodies in different tectonic unites of the Tianshan range

      图  3  天山山脉不同构造分区中酸性侵入岩体面积与分区面积比例

      1.北天山西段;2.北天山中段(博格达山);3.北天山东段(哈尔里克山);4.北天山南部;5.中天山;6.西南天山;7.南天山东段;8.平均值

      Fig.  3.  Area-proportion of intermediate-acid intrusive bodies to the tectonic unit in the Tianshan range

      图  4  天山山脉部分磷灰石裂变径迹测试结果分布(此图国界线非标准依据, 图中构造分区同图 1)

      图中测年数据引自于郭召杰等(2002, 2006)、朱文斌等(2006)王宗秀等(2008)沈传波等(2008)等测试结果修编

      Fig.  4.  Distribution of parts of analyses data from the fission track dating of apatite

      图  5  天山推测的剥蚀程度与造山型矿产关系示意(底图据陈衍景,2006)

      Fig.  5.  Inferred erosive degree of different units in the Tianshan range and its relationship to the orogenic-type deposits

      图  6  天山山脉山体隆升剥蚀、金属矿床展布特征及其区域找矿方向示意(此图因界线非标准依据,图中构造分区同图 1)

      Fig.  6.  Uplift exhumation and erosive diversities, distr ibution characteristics of metal ore deposits and regional oreprospecting directions of different units in the Tianshan range

      表  1  天山山脉不同分区内中酸性岩体个数和面积统计结果

      Table  1.   Number and area proportion of intermediate-acid intrusive bodies in different units of the Tianshan range

      构造分区 酸性岩体数量(个) 中性岩体数量(个) 中酸性岩体合计数(个) 占总岩体数的比例(%) 酸性岩体面积(km2) 中性岩体面积(km2) 中酸性岩体面积合计(km2) 分区总面积(km2) 面积百分比(%)
      1区:北天山西段 5 2 7 1.04 234.64 40.21 274.85 24 153.99 1.14
      2区:北天山-博格达 9 2 11 1.64 136.79 44.60 181.39 29 871.22 0.61
      3区:北天山东段 62 11 73 10.88 6 154.56 570.44 6 725.00 31 005.88 21.69
      4区:北天山南部 117 20 137 20.42 6 390.83 491.12 6 881.95 48 463.85 14.20
      5区:中天山 203 26 229 34.13 18 285.96 826.69 19 112.70 92 617.76 20.64
      6区:西南天山 35 2 37 5.51 3 249.10 125.52 3 374.62 108 273.42 3.12
      7区:东天山南段 131 46 177 26.38 26 450.56 1 665.68 28 116.20 83 159.70 33.81
      合计 562 109 671 100.00 60 902.44 3 764.26 64 666.70 417 545.82 15.49
      下载: 导出CSV
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    出版历程
    • 收稿日期:  2012-04-21
    • 网络出版日期:  2021-11-10
    • 刊出日期:  2012-09-15

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