Application of Hydrocarbons in Concealed Tungsten Ore Prediction in Weijia, Nanling Area
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摘要: 魏家钨矿位于湖南道县祥霖铺镇，产出于铜山岭岩体北部附近的祥霖铺斑岩群，是新一轮矿产远景调查时利用综合信息找矿发现的大型矽卡岩型钨矿.由于矿体埋藏深度近500 m，矿体上盘为灰岩盖层，表层被几十厘米至几百厘米的土壤覆盖，常规指示元素难以指示深部矿体.研究表明，在成矿过程中烃类组分参与了成矿元素的迁移、富集，因此选取该区进行烃气测量实验，验证其对覆盖区深部隐伏钨矿的指示效果.研究了见矿钻孔ZK801的46个岩心样的酸解烃和矿体上方3条剖面的土壤热释烃含量特征，结果表明在斑岩体、矿体、围岩中除甲烷外烃类组分含量依次降低，甲烷、烯烃和重烷比例明显不同；标准化后矿体配分曲线与斑岩体和围岩均具有相似性；土壤剖面中热释烃在矿体上方呈现双峰分布，与传统指示元素相比对深部矿体有更好的指示效果；研究区烃组分地球化学图显示矿体上方烃类组分呈现低值带，矿体周围为明显的异常区.因此烃气测量在覆盖区对深部矿体有较好的指示意义.Abstract: Weijia tungsten ore is located at Xiang Linpu Town, Hunan Province. It is in the Xiang Linpu porphyry groups near the Tong Shanling porphyry. The large skarn type deposit was detected using comprehensive exploration method during the recent exploration activities in China. Being buried deeply in 500 m and covered by limestone and thick soil in the surface, it has hardly been indicated by traditional pathfinder elements. It is proved that hydrocarbons promoted the transport and enrichment of elements in the ore forming, so Weijia tungsten ore is taken as a case to study the effect of hydrocarbons to the concealed deposits in coverage area. Acidolysis hydrocarbon of 46 rock samples in ZK801 and heat release hydrocarbon of 3 soil profiles were analyzed. The results show that the contents of hydrocarbons decrease from porphyry, ore body to wall rock, and the rates of methane, olefins and heavy alkane are different in porphyry, ore body and wall rock. The standard curves shapes of ore are similar to those of the porphyry and wall rock. The soil heat release hydrocarbons show bimodal distribution and low value above the ore body. This study proves that the hydrocarbons are more useful to indicate the concealed mine than the traditional pathfinder elements.
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Key words:
- coverage area /
- concealed tungsten ore /
- hydrocarbon /
- geochemisty /
- ore prospecting /
- ore deposits.
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图 1 研究区1∶200 000地质图(根据湖南省物化探院2009年工作报告修改)
Fig. 1. 1∶200 000 scale geological map of the study area
图 2 研究区地质图及采样点分布(1∶10 000，根据湖南省物化探院2009年工作报告修改)
1.侏罗纪地层；2.孟公坳组；3.锡矿山组；4.长龙界组；5.棋子桥组；6.黄公塘组；7.大理岩化；8.矽卡岩化；9.花岗斑岩；10.石英斑岩；11.背斜、向斜轴线；12.采样点(黄色为土壤剖面选取样点)；13.钻孔(红色为见矿钻孔，白色为未见矿钻孔)；14.矿床
Fig. 2. 1∶10 000 scale geological map of the study area and the distribution of the samples
图 3 ZK801酸解烃类组分垂向分布(修改自李福顺等，2012)
1.钻孔；2.锡矿山组；3.长龙界组；4.棋子桥组上段；5.棋子桥组中段；6.棋子桥组下段；7.钨矿体；8.铜锌矿脉；9.花岗斑岩
Fig. 3. The vertical distribution of acidolysis hydrocarbon in ZK801
图 4 岩石酸解烃质量百分比三角图(iC4：异丁烷；nC4：正丁烷)
Fig. 4. The ternary diagram of the acidolytsis hydrocarbon percentage in rock
图 6 土壤剖面烃类组分和常规指示元素变化特征
Fig. 6. The distributions of hydrocarbons and pathfinder elements in the soil profile
图 8 研究区烃类组分地球化学异常图(组分含量单位：μL/kg，采样位置可参考图 2)
Fig. 8. The geochemical anomaly map of hydrocarbons in the study area
表 1 ZK801钻孔酸解烃统计表(未标准化数据单位为μL/kg，W：%)
Table 1. The statistics of acidolysis hydrocarbons in ZK801
甲烷 乙烷 乙烯 丙烷 丙烯 异丁烷 正丁烷 异戊烷 正戊烷 甲烷/(C2-C5) 甲烷/烯烃 异丁烷/正丁烷 W 未
标
准
化围岩 161.84 3.78 1.82 1.52 1.82 0.18 0.45 0.17 0.64 0.96 44.41 0.40 0.04 上部蚀变围岩 2 042.90 2.87 1.25 1.23 1.21 0.41 0.55 0.56 0.87 228.38 832.98 0.75 0.03 上部矽卡岩 424.95 3.38 1.74 1.27 1.53 0.16 0.44 0.16 0.39 46.86 129.87 0.37 0.18 花岗斑岩 956.52 109.56 92.09 66.24 74.62 7.93 22.19 3.95 6.24 2.50 5.74 0.36 0.16 下部矽卡岩 501.58 6.07 3.56 2.66 3.07 0.33 0.91 0.28 0.62 28.66 75.71 0.36 0.16 铜锌矿体 434.05 10.03 7.42 5.48 6.61 0.95 1.99 0.55 0.79 12.84 30.94 0.48 标
准
化围岩 0.94 0.24 0.05 0.16 0.07 0.18 0.11 7.35 1.58 上部蚀变围岩 11.91 0.19 0.04 0.13 0.05 0.41 0.14 138.20 2.92 上部矽卡岩 2.48 0.22 0.05 0.13 0.06 0.16 0.11 21.72 1.46 花岗斑岩 5.58 7.10 2.74 6.87 3.04 7.93 5.66 0.97 1.40 下部矽卡岩 2.92 0.39 0.11 0.28 0.13 0.33 0.23 12.68 1.42 铜锌矿体 2.53 0.65 0.22 0.57 0.27 0.95 0.51 5.17 1.87 云南鲁甸峨眉山玄武岩(徐庆鸿等，2007) 171.50 15.44 33.66 9.65 24.54 1.00 3.92 
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表 2 土壤热释烃参数统计表(甲烷：μL/kg，其余为lg μL/kg)
Table 2. The statistic parameters of heat release hydrocarbons in soil
甲烷 乙烷 乙烯 丙烷 丙烯 异丁烷 正丁烷 异戊烷 正戊烷 min 0.64 -1.70 -0.92 -1.52 -1.40 -1.70 -1.52 -2.00 -1.70 max 16.40 0.14 1.32 1.26 1.38 2.39 0.99 2.10 0.83 C 5.75 -0.66 0.53 -0.01 0.36 0.19 -0.44 -0.01 -0.44 S 2.65 0.28 0.29 0.37 0.38 0.83 0.38 0.75 0.39 C-0.5S 4.43 -0.80 0.38 -0.19 0.17 -0.23 -0.63 -0.39 -0.64 C-S 3.10 -0.94 0.24 -0.38 -0.02 -0.64 -0.82 -0.77 -0.83 C-2S 0.46 -1.22 -0.05 -0.74 -0.40 -1.47 -1.20 -1.52 -1.22 C+0.5S 7.08 -0.52 0.67 0.18 0.55 0.60 -0.25 0.36 -0.25 C+2S 11.05 -0.10 1.11 0.73 1.12 1.84 0.32 1.49 0.33 C+S 8.40 -0.38 0.82 0.36 0.74 1.02 -0.06 0.74 -0.06 Cv 0.46 -0.43 0.55 -45.28 1.05 4.40 -0.87 -50.44 -0.87 注：max.最大值；min.最小值；C.均值；S.均方差；Cv.变异系数.
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