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    北秦岭早古生代两期变质作用: 来自松树沟基性岩岩石学及锆石U-Pb年代学的记录

    李晔 周汉文 钟增球 向华 曾雯 祁冬梅 张利

    李晔, 周汉文, 钟增球, 向华, 曾雯, 祁冬梅, 张利, 2012. 北秦岭早古生代两期变质作用: 来自松树沟基性岩岩石学及锆石U-Pb年代学的记录. 地球科学, 37(S1): 111-124. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.S1.011
    引用本文: 李晔, 周汉文, 钟增球, 向华, 曾雯, 祁冬梅, 张利, 2012. 北秦岭早古生代两期变质作用: 来自松树沟基性岩岩石学及锆石U-Pb年代学的记录. 地球科学, 37(S1): 111-124. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.S1.011
    LI Ye, ZHOU Han-wen, ZHONG Zeng-qiu, XIANG Hua, ZENG Wen, QI Dong-mei, ZHANG Li, 2012. Two Eopaleozoic Metamorphic Events in North Qinling: Petrology and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology Evidences from Basic Rocks in the Songshugou Area. Earth Science, 37(S1): 111-124. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.S1.011
    Citation: LI Ye, ZHOU Han-wen, ZHONG Zeng-qiu, XIANG Hua, ZENG Wen, QI Dong-mei, ZHANG Li, 2012. Two Eopaleozoic Metamorphic Events in North Qinling: Petrology and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology Evidences from Basic Rocks in the Songshugou Area. Earth Science, 37(S1): 111-124. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.S1.011

    北秦岭早古生代两期变质作用: 来自松树沟基性岩岩石学及锆石U-Pb年代学的记录

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.S1.011
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金项目 90814004

    国家自然科学基金项目 40873044

    教育部重点科技项目 02027

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      李晔(1988-), 女, 在读硕士, 岩石学、矿物学、矿床学专业.E-mail: liye19880317@yahoo.com.cn

      通讯作者:

      周汉文, E-mail: hwzhou@cug.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P588.34

    Two Eopaleozoic Metamorphic Events in North Qinling: Petrology and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology Evidences from Basic Rocks in the Songshugou Area

    • 摘要: 多期变质事件的识别, 可为复合造山带变质演化的研究提供重要证据.松树沟基性岩记录了早古生代的两期变质事件, 为研究北秦岭的演化提供了一个"窗口".野外地质及岩相学研究表明, 松树沟榴闪岩呈透镜状分布, 从透镜体核部到边缘, 退变质程度逐渐增强, 逐渐向外围的斜长角闪片岩过渡.在强退变质带中的斜长角闪片岩和含石榴石残余的斜长角闪片岩中, 角闪石具有明显的生长环带, 核部为阳起石, 边缘为镁角闪石.这表明, 松树沟的变基性岩从麻粒岩相或角闪岩相退变到绿片岩相后又遭受了后期低角闪岩相变质.锆石U-Pb年代学研究也揭示了变基性岩记录了北秦岭早古生代的两期变质作用: 在经历484±4 Ma最高变质级别为麻粒岩相的变质作用后, 退变至绿片岩相; 在418±5 Ma又受到一期变质热作用, 使基性岩中的角闪石发生了环带的增生.

       

    • 图  1  北秦岭商南松树沟地区地质略图(据Dong et al., 2008修改)

      1.白垩系-第三系红色砂、砾岩;2.泥盆系变质砂岩、云母片岩夹大理岩;3.秦岭群;4.富水杂岩;5.花岗岩;6.镁铁质岩;7.超镁铁质岩;8.榴闪岩;9.韧性剪切带;10.断层;11.采样点

      Fig.  1.  Geological sketch map of the Songshugou area

      图  2  榴闪岩的退变渐变过渡关系

      Fig.  2.  Retrogression of garnet amphibolite

      图  3  松树沟地区基性岩石榴石冠状体中的角闪石(Am1)及斜长石(Pl1)(a),基质中角闪石(Am3)及斜长石(Pl3)(b),长英质透镜体中角闪石(Am2)及斜长石(Pl2)(c),斜长角闪片岩的结构(d)

      Fig.  3.  Amphiboles (Am1) and plagioclases (Pl1) in corona of garnet porphyroblast (a), Amphiboles (Am3) and plagioclase (Pl3) in matrix of garnet amphibolite (b), Amphiboles (Am2) and plagioclases (Pl2) in felsic lenses of garnet amphibolite (c), the structure of plagioclase amphibole schists (d)

      图  4  角闪石中针状石英出溶(单偏光)(a);环带角闪石核部发育石英出溶,边部无出溶现象(单偏光)(b);角闪石中针状石英出溶(BSE)(c)以及角闪石近(001)面点状石英出溶(BSE)(d)

      Am.角闪石;Q.石英

      Fig.  4.  (a) Needle-like quartz exsolution in amphibole (plane polarized light); (b) Quartz exsolultion only existing in the core, not being found in the mantle (plane polarized light); (c) Needle-like quartz exsolution in amphibole (BSE); (d) Spot-like quartz exsolution in amphibole (BSE)

      图  5  环带角闪石剖面成分变化图(pfu指单位分子中的原子个数)

      Fig.  5.  Elements contents variation of amphibole zoning section (pfu refer to percent formula unit)

      图  6  榴闪岩中角闪石产状成分分类图解(分类标准据Leake et al., 1997;横坐标表示单位Si分子中原子的个数)

      Fig.  6.  Classification of amphiboles of different attitudes

      图  7  榴闪岩(Q0904-1)(a)及斜长角闪片岩(Q0907)(b)中特征锆石阴极发光图像

      Fig.  7.  CL images of representative zircons in garnet amphibolite (Q0904-1) (a) and plagioclase amphibole schists (Q0907) (b)

      图  8  榴闪岩(Q0904-1)(a)和斜长角闪片岩(Q0907)(b)U-Pb谐和年龄图

      Fig.  8.  Concordia U-Pb diagrams of zircons in garnet amphibolite (Q0904-1) (a) and plagioclase amphibole schist (Q0907) (b)

      表  1  松树沟地区基性岩代表性矿物电子探针成分分析结果(%)

      Table  1.   Representative minerals EMPA data for basic rocks in the Songshugou area

      矿物名称 Gt Gt Am1 Am2 Am3 Am3 Am3 Pl1 Pl2 Pl3
      点位 核部 边部 环带边部 环带核部
      名称 铁韭闪石 钙镁角闪石 镁角闪石 镁角闪石 阳起石 中长石 中长石 更长石
      SiO2 36.87 36.96 40.72 43.72 46.79 44.49 52.48 57.61 58.87 61.56
      Al2O3 19.91 20.26 14.62 12.28 7.54 10.89 2.38 26.63 25.59 23.52
      TiO2 0.17 0.13 1.03 0.56 0.33 0.43 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.04
      FeO 28.53 31.58 20.17 17.50 19.47 18.65 15.91 0.18 0.12 0.19
      Cr2O3 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
      MgO 1.49 1.47 7.10 9.21 10.47 9.24 13.97 0.04 0.02 0.02
      MnO 3.91 1.08 0.19 0.26 0.24 0.25 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00
      CaO 8.51 8.27 11.79 12.52 12.12 12.47 12.84 9.22 8.34 5.83
      Na2O 0.00 0.00 1.83 1.29 0.99 1.18 0.26 6.24 6.84 8.25
      K2O 0.00 0.00 0.57 0.74 0.21 0.63 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.09
      Total 99.40 99.75 98.02 98.12 98.15 98.23 98.16 99.99 99.89 99.49
      Cation
      Si 2.98 2.98 6.13 6.49 6.90 6.61 7.60 2.58 2.63 2.75
      Al 1.90 1.92 2.59 2.15 1.31 1.91 0.41 1.41 1.35 1.24
      Ti 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
      Fe3+ 0.12 0.11 0.49 0.35 0.68 0.45 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.00
      Cr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
      Mg 0.18 0.18 1.59 2.04 2.30 2.05 3.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
      Fe2+ 1.80 2.02 2.05 1.83 1.72 1.86 1.60 0.01 0.00 0.01
      Mn 0.27 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
      Ca 0.74 0.71 1.90 1.99 1.92 1.98 1.99 0.44 0.40 0.28
      Na 0.00 0.00 0.53 0.37 0.28 0.34 0.07 0.54 0.59 0.71
      K 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.14 0.04 0.12 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
      Al 1.87 1.51 1.10 1.39 0.40
      NaA 0.43 0.31 0.18 0.28 0.05
      注:具体Am1、Am2、Am3、Pl1、Pl2及Pl3的产状见文中矿物化学部分描述.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  松树沟地区基性岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测试结果

      Table  2.   LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotope data for mafic rocks from Songshugou area

      测试点号 232Th(10-6) 238U(10-6) Th/U 同位素比值 年龄(Ma)
      207Pb/206Pb 1 σ 207Pb/235U 1 σ 206Pb/238U 1 σ 207Pb/206Pb 1 σ 207Pb/235U 1 σ 206Pb/238U 1 σ
      Q0904-1榴闪岩
      Q0904-01 230 171 1.34 0.058 18 0.001 61 0.620 32 0.018 07 0.077 33 0.000 67 537 16 490 11 480 4
      Q0904-02 197 159 1.24 0.055 72 0.001 54 0.593 14 0.017 80 0.077 21 0.000 75 441 46 473 11 479 5
      Q0904-03 452 492 0.92 0.057 03 0.000 90 0.597 92 0.010 16 0.076 04 0.000 68 493 3 476 6 472 4
      Q0904-04 238 206 1.15 0.055 70 0.001 41 0.599 08 0.015 16 0.078 01 0.000 64 440 47 477 10 484 4
      Q0904-05 252 409 0.62 0.057 15 0.001 41 0.624 19 0.014 28 0.079 24 0.000 69 497 26 492 9 492 4
      Q0904-06 130 121 1.07 0.056 62 0.001 46 0.606 75 0.015 06 0.077 73 0.000 72 477 35 482 10 483 4
      Q0904-07 229 430 0.53 0.056 39 0.000 99 0.602 66 0.009 56 0.077 53 0.000 59 468 5 479 6 481 4
      Q0904-08 187 207 0.90 0.055 51 0.001 25 0.597 89 0.013 27 0.078 12 0.000 59 433 46 476 8 485 4
      Q0904-09 335 660 0.51 0.054 36 0.001 60 0.570 93 0.015 42 0.076 17 0.000 89 386 12 459 10 473 5
      Q0904-10 146 234 0.62 0.056 80 0.001 60 0.630 83 0.017 24 0.080 57 0.000 76 484 51 497 11 500 5
      Q0904-11 406 371 1.09 0.058 59 0.002 04 0.625 69 0.021 44 0.077 48 0.000 86 552 34 493 13 481 5
      Q0904-12 145 163 0.89 0.057 06 0.002 14 0.621 82 0.023 08 0.079 04 0.001 01 494 49 491 14 490 6
      Q0904-13 1 034 1 222 0.85 0.057 76 0.001 06 0.560 39 0.009 82 0.070 37 0.000 56 521 20 452 6 438 3
      Q0904-14 231 287 0.80 0.059 31 0.002 68 0.638 73 0.028 68 0.078 11 0.000 90 579 54 502 18 485 5
      Q0904-15 129 531 0.24 0.061 79 0.001 18 0.601 42 0.012 12 0.070 60 0.000 60 667 14 478 8 440 4
      Q0904-16 232 349 0.67 0.055 83 0.001 15 0.603 31 0.012 58 0.078 38 0.000 57 446 37 479 8 486 3
      Q0907斜长角闪片岩
      Q0907-01(Ⅲ) 366 337 1.09 0.055 42 0.001 11 0.517 21 0.010 85 0.067 69 0.000 54 429 9 423 7 422 3
      Q0907-02(Ⅰ) 39 106 0.37 0.078 91 0.001 92 1.334 98 0.033 10 0.122 70 0.000 94 1 170 45 861 14 746 5
      Q0907-03(Ⅱ) 66 1 311 0.05 0.057 72 0.002 73 0.608 07 0.025 61 0.076 40 0.001 65 519 37 482 16 475 10
      Q0907-04(Ⅰ) 48 254 0.19 0.067 43 0.001 75 1.112 29 0.033 09 0.119 64 0.001 22 851 38 759 16 729 7
      Q0907-05(Ⅱ) 38 1167 0.03 0.056 76 0.000 91 0.595 96 0.012 54 0.076 13 0.000 84 482 31 475 8 473 5
      Q0907-06(Ⅲ) 194 544 0.36 0.055 69 0.000 90 0.516 57 0.009 03 0.067 28 0.000 52 440 19 423 6 420 3
      Q0907-07(Ⅰ) 21 70 0.30 0.064 87 0.003 94 1.155 01 0.069 83 0.129 16 0.001 95 770 115 780 33 783 11
      Q0907-08(Ⅱ) 49 955 0.05 0.057 37 0.001 48 0.627 39 0.014 88 0.079 31 0.000 82 506 40 494 9 492 5
      Q0907-09(Ⅰ) 61 258 0.23 0.062 23 0.001 81 1.092 51 0.032 99 0.127 34 0.001 45 682 42 750 16 773 8
      Q0907-10(Ⅲ) 311 262 1.19 0.054 56 0.001 15 0.505 36 0.010 73 0.067 18 0.000 50 394 45 415 7 419 3
      Q0907-11(Ⅲ) 210 183 1.15 0.055 12 0.001 78 0.516 63 0.015 81 0.067 98 0.000 53 417 49 423 11 424 3
      Q0907-12(Ⅲ) 810 1 599 0.51 0.055 05 0.000 73 0.502 77 0.006 92 0.066 25 0.000 56 414 13 414 5 414 3
      Q0907-13(Ⅰ) 26 71 0.36 0.067 56 0.001 85 1.222 03 0.031 41 0.131 19 0.001 28 855 19 811 14 795 7
      Q0907-14(Ⅰ) 46 98 0.47 0.067 77 0.001 89 1.221 54 0.032 53 0.130 76 0.001 24 861 13 810 15 792 7
      Q0907-15(Ⅲ) 1 132 1 618 0.70 0.055 57 0.000 63 0.498 62 0.006 07 0.065 07 0.000 44 435 10 411 4 406 3
      Q0907-16(Ⅲ) 205 577 0.35 0.054 95 0.001 05 0.518 31 0.010 05 0.068 40 0.000 55 410 8 424 7 427 3
      Q0907-17(Ⅲ) 143 331 0.43 0.055 45 0.001 34 0.518 91 0.012 74 0.067 87 0.000 69 431 27 424 9 423 4
      Q0907-18(Ⅲ) 542 1 080 0.50 0.054 03 0.000 69 0.492 54 0.006 22 0.066 12 0.000 40 372 7 407 4 413 2
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  松树沟地区基性岩基质中角闪石(AM3)出溶成分恢复结果

      Table  3.   Amphibole composition prior to exsolution being restored in mafic rocks

      点位 无环带角闪石 环带角闪石核部
      2-2-2 出溶前 2-5-3 出溶前 2-2-1 出溶前 4-4-8 出溶前
      出溶比例 1.61% 6.63% 1.94% 5.50%
      SiO2(%) 44.74 45.48 45.24 48.28 45.66 46.53 52.48 54.64
      Al2O3(%) 9.98 9.84 9.35 8.83 9.52 9.36 2.38 2.27
      TiO2(%) 0.61 0.60 0.55 0.52 0.54 0.53 0.05 0.05
      FeO(%) 20.25 19.98 19.93 18.82 19.12 18.81 15.91 15.18
      Cr2O3(%) 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00
      MgO(%) 8.89 8.77 9.22 8.71 9.56 9.41 13.97 13.34
      MnO(%) 0.26 0.25 0.23 0.22 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.21
      CaO(%) 11.68 11.53 12.04 11.37 10.58 10.41 12.84 12.25
      Na2O(%) 1.43 1.41 1.19 1.13 1.16 1.14 0.26 0.25
      K2O(%) 0.34 0.33 0.29 0.27 0.36 0.35 0.06 0.06
      Total(%) 98.21 98.23 98.04 98.15 96.70 96.76 98.16 98.24
      Caution
      Si 6.66 6.76 6.73 7.11 6.83 6.95 7.60 7.88
      Al 1.75 1.73 1.64 1.53 1.68 1.65 0.41 0.39
      Ti 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.01 0.01
      Fe3+ 0.57 0.43 0.57 0.23 0.48 0.36 0.33 0.00
      Cr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
      Mg 1.97 1.94 2.04 1.91 2.13 2.09 3.02 2.87
      Fe2+ 1.96 2.06 1.91 2.09 1.91 1.99 1.60 1.83
      Mn 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
      Ca 1.86 1.84 1.92 1.80 1.70 1.67 1.99 1.89
      Na 0.41 0.41 0.34 0.32 0.34 0.33 0.07 0.07
      K 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.01 0.01
      注:普通角闪石的密度为3.1~3.3 g/cm3,透闪石-阳起石的密度为3.02~3.44 g/cm3,石英的密度为2.65 g/cm3(赵珊茸等, 2004).取普通角闪石密度平均值为3.2 g/cm3,取阳起石密度平均值为3.23 g/cm3进行成分恢复计算.
      下载: 导出CSV
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