Reconstructed and Traced Pathways of Hydrocarbon Migration in Nanpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin
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摘要: 在油气成藏期分析的基础上, 采用盆地流线模拟技术对渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷成藏关键时刻油气运移过程进行了恢复, 根据原油含氮化合物和成熟度指标对典型油气富集区的油气运移路径进行了示踪.油气运移路径模拟结果表明, 研究区南部凹槽源内和源下油气藏在东营末期(距今24.6 Ma)有一期较小规模运移, 油气大规模运移时期为明化镇中期(距今9 Ma).南部凹槽源上油气藏和北部凹槽源内油气藏在明化镇中期有少量油气运移, 大规模运移时期为明化镇末期(距今2 Ma).目前南部凹槽勘探程度较低, 模拟结果表明其具有较大的勘探潜力.原油地球化学指标揭示在源上油气藏富集区, 对于伸入洼陷中心的油源断层, 油气主要沿断层走向, 向构造高部位及断层面两侧砂体运移; 对于平行洼陷中心的油源断层, 油气主要沿断层倾向向构造高部位运移.在源内油气藏富集区, 油气主要通过有效烃源岩层系内发育的砂体向构造高部位运移.Abstract: The pathways of hydrocarbon migration in main hydrocarbon accumulation periods of Nanpu Depression in Bohai Bay Basin were reconstructed by the technology of streamline simulation. Based on the data of nitrogen compounds and maturity in crude oil, the traced pathways of hydrocarbon migration in the typical enrichment areas are studied. Streamline simulation results show that to reservoir inside and under source rock in south sags, there was a smaller scale hydrocarbon migration in late Dongying Formation (24.6 Ma ago), and a mass hydrocarbon migration in middle Minghuazhen Formation (9 Ma ago). To reservoir upper source rock in south sags and reservoir inside source rock in north sag, there was a small amount of hydrocarbon migration in middle Minghuazhen Formation, mass hydrocarbon migration in late Minghuazhen Formation (2 Ma ago). At present, hydrocarbon distribution in south sags does not match the simulation results, which indicates greater potential for exploration. The geochemical index of crude oil show that in the enrichment area of reservoir upper source rock, hydrocarbon migration was along faults strike, to the tectonic high position and sandstone on both sides of fault plane when the source fault stretched into the Sag center. For source faults parallel to the Sag center, hydrocarbon migration was along the faults tendency to the tectonic high position. In the enrichment area of reservoir inside source rock, hydrocarbon migration was along sandstone to the tectonic high position.
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图 1 南堡凹陷主要油源断层及油气分布
Fig. 1. The main source faults and hydrocarbon distribution in Nanpu depression
图 2 流体包裹体确定南堡1井沙一段和东一段油气充注期次及成藏时间
a.沙一段细砂岩流体包裹体显微照片(4 117.0 m；a1：透射光；a2：荧光)；b.东一段细砂岩流体包裹体显微照片(2 718.3 m；b1：透射光；b2：荧光)；c.沙一段细砂岩盐水包裹体均一温度；d.东一段细砂岩盐水包裹体均一温度；e.南堡1井埋藏史
Fig. 2. Division of hydrocarbon charging events and chronology in Sha1 and Dong1 Member of Well Nanpu1 by fluid inclusion
图 4 南堡凹陷成藏关键时刻油气运移路径模拟
a.南部凹槽东二段底部东营末期(距今24.6 Ma)；b.南部凹槽东二段底部明化镇中期(距今9 Ma)；c.南堡凹陷馆陶组底部明化镇中期(距今9 Ma)；d.南堡凹陷馆陶组底部明化镇末期(距今2 Ma)
Fig. 4. The reconstructed pathways of hydrocarbon migration in main hydrocarbon accumulation periods in Nanpu depression
图 5 南堡凹陷典型油气富集区油气运移路径示踪
a.南堡1号构造带源上油气藏；b.高柳构造带源内油气藏
Fig. 5. The traced pathways of hydrocarbon migration of typical enrichment areas in Nanpu depression
表 1 南堡凹陷不同构造带油气成藏期统计
Table 1. Hydrocarbon accumulation periods of different tectonic belts in Nanpu depression
凹槽 构造带 井号 取样深度(m) 层位 岩石类型 温度区间(℃) 充注时间(Ma) 油气充注成藏期 南部凹槽 1号构造带 南堡1 2 718.3 Ed1 灰色荧光细砂岩 90~100 4~2 明化镇晚期 4 117 Es1 浅灰色油斑细砂岩 90~100 25.5~24.6 东营期、明化镇中期 130~140 9~5 南堡1~5 3 963.5 0 浅灰色油迹灰岩 110~130 10.5~5 明化镇中期 2号构造带西部 老堡南1 2 388.2 Ed1 浅灰色荧光细砂岩 75~85 5~1.5 明化镇晚期-第四纪 南堡288 3 405.9 Ed3 浅灰色油迹细砂岩 100~110 5~2 明化镇晚期 2号构造带东部 老堡1 3 052.8 Ed1 浅灰色油斑细砂岩 90~100 6~2 明化镇晚期 3 414.9 Ed2 浅灰色油迹细砂岩 100~110 7~5 明化镇中-晚期 4号构造带 南堡4~1 2 421.5 Ng 灰裼色油浸含砾不等粒砂岩 65~75 6~2 明化镇晚期 5号构造带 南堡5~4 3 341 Ed1 浅灰色油迹细砂岩 100~110 5~2 明化镇晚期 老爷庙构造带 庙108X1 3 301.8 Ed1 灰色油斑细砂岩 105~115 4~1 明化镇晚期-第四纪 北部凹槽 高柳构造带 柳12 3 658.3 Es3 灰色油斑砂岩 115~125 6.5~3.5 明化镇晚期 
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