The Paleogeomagnetic Intensity Variation from 10Be Record in Chinese Loess
-
摘要: 因受气候因素的强烈影响, 中国黄土10Be记录无法直接用于示踪地磁场变化, 需开展信号分离研究.针对黄土10Be示踪古地磁场的复杂性和存在的关键问题, 结合分离黄土10Be浓度所包含的气候因素和地磁场因素的数理分析方法发展历史, 分析了各种方法的优缺点.在原有方法的基础上, 引入主成分分析法对洛川和西峰2个黄土剖面的10Be记录进行主成分提取, 进一步剔除了残差中可能存在的少量气候因素、噪声等随机信号, 定量重建了130 ka以来的大气10Be产率, 与以往方法相比较取得了更优的结果.将主成分分析应用于复杂地质信号的分离, 将有助于解决地质或其他信号分离的难题.Abstract: The 10Be records in Chinese loess can't be used for tracing the paleogeomagnetic change because of the significant climate effect, so we need to do research on signal separation. The difficulties are summarized in the reconstruction of the paleogeomagnetic intensity by using the 10Be records in Chinese loess in this paper. Here we present the advantages and shortcomings in our methods used to separate climate effects and geomagnetic modulation effects from 10Be concentration. Based on these methods, principal component analysis (PCA) is used to extract the common signal of 10Be from Luochuan and Xifeng loess sections to further clear up the effect of the climate change, noise and other random signals, which we interpret as variations of the global 10Be production rate of the past 130 ka. The PCA method presented here may be facilitated to solve the difficulties in geological or other signal separation.
-
Key words:
- loess /
- 10Be /
- paleogeomagnetic intensity /
- principal component analysis /
- magnetic susceptibility /
- climate change
-
图 1 130 ka以来洛川(a、b)和西峰(c、d)剖面10Be浓度和黄土磁化率高度相似
a.洛川剖面黄土磁化率及10Be浓度；b.洛川剖面10Be浓度与磁化率高度线性相关；c.西峰剖面黄土磁化率及10Be浓度；d.西峰剖面10Be浓度与磁化率高度线性相关
Fig. 1. High similarity between 10Be concentration and magnetic susceptibility from Luochuan and Xifeng sections in the past 130 ka
图 2 130 ka以来洛川黄土10Be记录的古地磁场漂移事件序列对比
a.LGM法重建相对产率结果；b.恒定值法重建相对产率结果；c.平均值法重建相对产率结果；d.气候修正因子法重建相对产率结果
Fig. 2. Comparison of sequence about the past 130 ka reconstructed paleogeomagnetic field from loess 10Be record of Luochuan
图 3 方案A主成分分析第1、2主成分对应的时间序列
Fig. 3. Time series of the 1st, 2nd principal component of method A
图 4 方案B主成分分析第1、2主成分对应的时间序列
Fig. 4. Time series of the 1st, 2nd principal component of method B
图 5 主成分分析、恒定值及气候修正因子重建10Be产率结果对比
a.主成分分析黄土10Be相对产率；b.恒定值法黄土10Be相对产率；c.气候修正因子法黄土10Be相对产率
Fig. 5. Comparison of sequence about the past 130 ka reconstructed production rate from loess 10Be record by using PCA, uniform distribution method and MVC-scaling method
图 6 130 ka以来洛川和西峰黄土10Be重建的地磁场强度变化序列与全球不同区域记录的综合对比
a.主成分分析黄土10Be重建结果；b.北太平洋海洋沉积物地磁场曲线；c.SINT-2000地磁场曲线
Fig. 6. Comparison of sequence about the past 130 ka reconstructed paleogeomagnetic intensity from loess 10Be record of Luochuan and Xifeng in China and record of global area
表 1 文中符号定义
Table 1. Nomenclature
符号 说明 [10Be]m 黄土测量10Be浓度 [10Be]D 10Be浓度粉尘组分 [10Be]p 10Be浓度降雨组分 SUSm 黄土磁化率测量值 SUSD 尘降磁化率估计值 SUSP 成壤磁化率 ΦD 粉尘通量 Pr 10Be产率 
下载: 导出CSV
-
Christl, M., Lippold, J., Steinhilber, F., et al., 2010. Reconstruction of Global 10Be Production over the Past 250 ka from Highly Accumulating Atlantic Drift Sediments. Quaternary Science Reviews, 29(19): 2663-2672. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.06.017 Evans, M.E., Heller, F., 1994. Magnetic Enhancement and Paleoclimate: Study of a Loess/Paleosol Couplet across the Loess Plateau of China. Geophysical Journal International, 117(1): 257-264. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1994.tb03316.x Evans, M.E., Heller, F., 2001. Magnetism of Loess/Palaeosol Sequences: Recent Developments. Earth-Science Reviews, 54(1-3): 129-144. doi: 10.1016/S0012-8252(01)00044-7 Frank, M., Schwarz, B., Baumann, S., et al., 1997. A 200 kyr Record of Cosmogenic Radionuclide Production Rate and Geomagnetic Field Intensity from 10Be in Globally Stacked Deep-Sea Sediments. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 149(1-4): 121-129. doi: 10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00070-8 Gu, Z.Y., Lal, D., Guo, Z.T., et al., 2000. Geochemistry of Cosmogenic 10Be in Loess-Paleosol Sequences and Red Clay in the Loess Plateau. Quaternary Sciences, 20(5): 409-422 (in Chinese with English abstract). Lal, D., Peters, B., 1967. Cosmic Ray Produced Radioactivity on the Earth. In: Fluegge, S., Sitte, K., eds., Handbuch der Physik. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 551-612. Lao, Y., Anderson, R.F., Broecker, W.S., et al., 1993. Particulate Fluxes of 230Th, 231Pa, and 10Be in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 57(1): 205-217. doi: 10.016/0016-7037(93)90479-G Liu, D.S., Zeng, Z.Y., 1987. Mathematics Methods and Modeling of Soil and Environmental Research. Agricultural Press, Beijing, 115-120 (in Chinese). Masarik, J., Beer, J., 1999. Simulation of Particle Fluxes and Cosmogenic Nuclide Production in the Earth's Atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104(D10): 12099-12111. doi: 10.1029/1998JD200091 Muscheler, R., Beer, J., Kubik, P.W., et al., 2005. Geomagnetic Field Intensity during the Last 60 000 Years Based on 10Be and 36Cl from the Summit Ice Cores and 14C. Quaternary Science Reviews, 24(16-17): 1849-1860. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.01.012 Pan, A.D., Chen, B.S., Liu, H.P., et al., 2008. Numerical Techniques of Spore-Pollen Data Analysis on Paleoclimate Reconstruction. Tropical Geography, 28(6): 493-497(in Chinese with English abstract). Pei, X.D., 1991. Multivariate Statistical Analysis and Application. Beijing Agricultural University Press, Beijing, 196-203 (in Chinese). Shen, C.D., Liu, D.S., Beer, J., et al., 1989. 10Be and the Deposits and Evolution of Loess. Science in China (Series B), 7: 744-751(in Chinese). Valet, J.P., Meynadier, L., Guyodo, Y., 2005. Geomagnetic Dipole Strength and Reversal Rate over the Past Two Million Years. Nature, 435(7043): 802-805. doi: 10.1038/nature03674 Wagner, G., Masarik, J., Beer, J., et al., 2000. Reconstruction of the Geomagnetic Field between 20 and 60 kyr BP from Cosmogenic Radionuclides in the GRIP Ice Core. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 172(1-4): 597-604. doi: 10.1016/S0168-583X(00)00285-8 Wu, Z.K., Zhou, W.J., Liu, M., et al., 2008. BeO Preparation and AMS Measurement Result for Loess Samples. Nuclear Techniques, 31(6): 427-432 (in Chinese). http://www.cqvip.com/Main/Detail.aspx?id=27561631 Xian, F., 2007. The Study of the Data Analysis for the Past 80 ka Paleogeomagnetic Field Intensity Tracing and Paleoprecipitation Reconstruction from 10Be in Loess of China(Dissertation). University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract). Yang, Y.L., Kusakabe, M., Southon, J.R., 2003. 10Be Profiles in the East China Sea and the Okinawa Trough. Deep Sea Research Part Ⅱ: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 50(2): 339-351. doi: 10.116/S0967-0645(02)00458-7 Yamazaki, T., Kanamatsu, T., 2007. A Relative Paleointensity Record of the Geomagnetic Field since 1.6 Ma from the North Pacific. Earth, Planets, and Space, 59(7): 785-794. doi: 10.1186/BF03352741 Yu, S.Y., Ricketts, R.D., Colman, S.M., 2009. Determining the Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Climate Changes in China's Western Interior during the Last 15 ka from Lacustrine Oxygen Isotope Records. Journal of Quaternary Science, 24(3): 237-247. doi: 10.1002/jqs.1229 Zhang, J.H., Kong, Z.C., Du, N.Q., 1997. Reanalysis of Principal Component Analysis to Resume Past Vegetation and Environment-Taking Fenzhuang Profile in Beijing as an Example. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 17(4): 316-322. Zhao, G.Q., Zhou W.J., Wu Z.K., et al., 2010. Progress of Tracing Paleogeomagnetic Field from Cosmogenic Nuclide 10Be in Loess of China. Advances in Earth Science, 25(9): 927-933(in Chinese). Zhou, W.J., Chen M.B., Xian, F., et al., 2007. The Mean Value Concept in Mono-Linear Regression of Multi-Variables and Its Application to Trace Studies in Geosciences. Science in China (Series D), 50(12): 1828-1834. doi: 10.1007/s11430-007-0123-8 Zhou, W.J., Kong, X.H., Xian, F., et al., 2010. Preliminary Study on the Reconstrction of the Paleogomagnetic Intensities by 10Be in Chinese Loess. Journal of Earth Environment, 1(1): 20-27 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://search.cnki.net/down/default.aspx?filename=DQHJ201001006&dbcode=CJFD&year=2010&dflag=pdfdown Zhou, L.B., Jiang, Z.Q., Wu, Q.X., 2010. Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis of Trace Elements in Plant Nitraria Leaf from Qinghai Region. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 38(13): 6649-6650, 6652 (in Chinese with English abstract). 顾兆炎, Lal, D., 郭正堂, 等, 2000. 黄土高原黄土和红粘土10Be地球化学特征. 第四纪研究, 20(5): 409-422. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7410.2000.05.002 刘多森, 曾志远, 1987. 土壤和环境研究中的数学方法与建模. 北京: 农业出版社, 115-120. 潘安定, 陈碧姗, 刘会平, 等, 2008. 孢粉学定量重建古气候方法探讨. 热带地理, 28(6): 493-497. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5221.2008.06.001 裴鑫德, 1991. 多元统计分析及其应用. 北京: 北京农业大学出版社, 196-203. 沈承德, 刘东生, Beer, J., 等, 1989. 10Be与黄土的堆积演化. 中国科学(B辑), 7: 744-751. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBXK198907011.htm 武振坤, 周卫健, 刘敏, 等, 2008. 黄土样品的BeO制备及AMS测量. 核技术, 31(6): 427-432. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-3219.2008.06.007 鲜锋, 2007. 运用黄土10Be记录重建最近80 ka古地磁场强度和季风降水的数理方法(博士学位论文). 北京: 中国科学院研究生院. 张佳华, 孔昭宸, 杜乃秋, 1997. 主成分分析对恢复过去植被和环境作用的再分析: 以北京坟庄剖面为例. 地理科学, 17(4): 316-322. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DLKX704.004.htm 赵国庆, 周卫健, 武振坤, 等, 2010. 黄土中宇宙成因核素10Be示踪古地磁场变化研究进展. 地球科学进展, 25(9): 927-933. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXJZ201009006.htm 周卫健, 陈茂柏, 鲜锋, 等, 2007. 多变量线性回归的平均值概念及其在地学研究中的应用. 中国科学(D辑), 37(10): 1392-1399. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK200710013.htm 周卫健, 孔祥辉, 鲜锋, 等, 2010. 中国黄土10Be重建古地磁场变化史的初步研究. 地球环境学报, 1(1): 20-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQHJ201001006.htm 周利兵, 姜紫勤, 吴启勋, 2010. 青海地区白刺叶中微量元素的主成分分析与聚类分析. 安徽农业科学, 38(13): 6649-6650, 6652. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2010.13.012 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3614
- HTML全文浏览量: 652
- PDF下载量: 692
- 被引次数: 0
