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    碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩的显微构造及成因机制

    韦博 金振民 章军锋

    韦博, 金振民, 章军锋, 2013. 碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩的显微构造及成因机制. 地球科学, 38(5): 983-994. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.096
    引用本文: 韦博, 金振民, 章军锋, 2013. 碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩的显微构造及成因机制. 地球科学, 38(5): 983-994. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.096
    WEI Bo, JIN Zhen-min, ZHANG Jun-feng, 2013. Deformation Microstructures and Mechanism of Ultrahigh-Pressure Garnet Wehrlite from Bixiling, Dabie Mountains. Earth Science, 38(5): 983-994. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.096
    Citation: WEI Bo, JIN Zhen-min, ZHANG Jun-feng, 2013. Deformation Microstructures and Mechanism of Ultrahigh-Pressure Garnet Wehrlite from Bixiling, Dabie Mountains. Earth Science, 38(5): 983-994. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.096

    碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩的显微构造及成因机制

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.096
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金项目 41174076

    国家自然科学基金项目 41002068

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      韦博(1986-), 女, 硕士研究生, 构造地质学专业.E-mail: bow_1986@163.com

    • 中图分类号: 545

    Deformation Microstructures and Mechanism of Ultrahigh-Pressure Garnet Wehrlite from Bixiling, Dabie Mountains

    • 摘要: 对超高压变质带中橄榄岩变形显微构造的研究, 有助于了解板块边界构造环境中地幔物质的流变性质和变形机制, 进而探讨其在深俯冲/折返过程中的地球动力学过程的作用.采用光学显微镜、电子探针、红外光谱、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、位错氧化缀饰等多种方法系统研究了来自中国大别碧溪岭的石榴异剥橄榄岩中的变形显微构造.研究结果表明: (1)碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩发育较好的形状优选方位, 但只有单斜辉石显示了强晶格优选方位, 而橄榄石晶格优选方位很弱, 与常见上地幔橄榄岩中单斜辉石组构弱而橄榄石组构强的特点差异显著, 反映了单斜辉石经历位错蠕变而橄榄石经历位错调节的颗粒边界滑移变形; (2)碧溪岭异剥橄榄岩中单斜辉石和橄榄石均含有一定量的结构水, 其中单斜辉石含水量124×10-6~274×10-6, 橄榄石含水量38×10-6~80×10-6, 高于常见造山带橄榄岩中各矿物的含水量, 可能反映了壳源物质混染引起的高含水量变形环境; (3)橄榄石中发育显著位错显微构造, 根据位错显微构造计算的变形差异应力为230~600 MPa, 高于正常上地幔稳态流变应力, 反映了俯冲带中的相对低温变形环境.综合分析研究表明, 超高压变质带中的高压、低温、高差异应力和高结构水含量是形成碧溪岭相对独特的橄榄石、单斜辉石变形显微构造的原因.

       

    • 图  1  碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩岩石学特征

      a.样品BXL-1手标本,显示面理和蛇纹石化作用;b.样品BXL-2标本,黑色方框中为蛇纹石化较轻微区域;c.被蛇纹石隔离成孤岛状的橄榄石和石榴石中的钛斜硅镁石包裹体;d.单斜辉石和其中的钛斜硅镁石包裹体;e.发生了亚颗粒化的单斜辉石;f.样品BXL-10中显示强形状优选方位的单斜辉石和橄榄石,同一橄榄石被蛇纹石切割为若干小颗粒;Ol.橄榄石;Cpx.单斜辉石;Grt.石榴石;Serp.蛇纹石;Chu.钛斜硅镁石

      Fig.  1.  Petrographic characteristics of the garnet wehrlite from Bixiling

      图  2  碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩中单斜辉石(a)和橄榄石(b)的晶格优选方位

      n表示EBSD采集的矿物颗粒点数;彩色标尺表示数据点密度;L.线理(东西向);S.面理(东西向垂面);等面积下半球投影

      Fig.  2.  Lattice preferred orientation of clinopyroxene (a) and olivine (b) in the Bixiling garnet wehrlite

      图  3  碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩中单斜辉石(a)和橄榄石(b)的代表性红外吸收光谱谱线

      Fig.  3.  Representative IR spectra of clinopyroxene (a) and olivine (b) in the garnet wehrlite from Bixiling

      图  4  碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩中橄榄石位错的背散射(a~d)及透射光(e~f)图像

      a.自由位错,呈点状,不同颗粒间分布不均匀;b.自由位错,呈点状,同一颗粒内分布不均匀;c.位错壁;d.位错弓弯,弓弯方向相同;e.位错环;f.位错网络,呈矩形网

      Fig.  4.  Backscattered electron (a-d) and optical (e-f) transmission images of dislocation structures in olivine from the Bixiling garnet wehrlite

      图  5  碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩中橄榄石对数位错壁间距频数分布

      Fig.  5.  Representative histograms displaying the number of dislocation walls versus logarithm of the wall spacing in olivine of the garnet wehrlite from Bixiling

      表  1  碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩中主要矿物化学成分平均值(%)

      Table  1.   The averaged chemical composition of major constituent minerals in the garnet wehrlite from Bixiling

      样品号 矿物 SiO2 TiO2 Al2O3 Cr2O3 FeO MnO MgO CaO Na2O K2O 总量
      BXL-1 Ol 39.906 0.031 0.034 0.001 13.895 0.057 45.690 0.005 0.005 0.008 99.632 Fo=85
      Cpx 54.665 0.050 1.977 0.735 5.601 0.031 14.082 18.915 3.314 0.001 99.370
      Grt 39.686 0.056 21.388 1.208 17.672 0.550 15.084 3.863 0.015 0.004 99.526 Di=75
      Mt 0.081 0.833 1.332 5.210 84.587 0.180 0.392 0.000 0.012 0.005 92.633 Pyr=57
      Serp 42.730 0.031 0.832 0.001 3.298 0.006 37.939 0.045 0.011 0.003 84.895
      BXL-10 Ol 40.109 0.031 0.035 0.002 13.995 0.063 45.453 0.002 0.012 0.010 99.712 Fo=84
      Cpx 49.160 0.148 8.834 0.410 6.613 0.078 19.791 10.262 2.188 0.387 97.420
      Grt 39.760 0.054 20.849 1.601 17.960 0.607 14.513 4.168 0.023 0.011 99.545 Di=69
      Mt 0.082 0.905 1.665 6.152 82.900 0.124 0.791 0.000 0.017 0.004 92.640 Phy=55
      Serp 43.172 0.029 0.801 0.002 3.311 0.019 38.107 0.036 0.022 0.009 85.507
      BXL-14 Ol 39.818 0.031 0.023 0.001 14.715 0.062 45.077 0.005 0.001 0.001 99.733 Fo=84
      Cpx 54.960 0.061 2.696 0.841 6.070 0.032 12.937 17.775 4.024 0.036 99.434
      Grt 39.585 0.057 21.581 1.073 18.038 0.631 14.553 3.980 0.017 0.009 99.524 Di=69
      Mt 0.081 0.816 1.213 5.234 84.472 0.076 0.752 0.000 0.016 0.004 92.664
      Serp 43.268 0.033 0.830 0.001 2.782 0.003 38.283 0.049 0.011 0.009 85.267 Pyr=55
      Chu 37.537 4.119 0.057 0.041 14.296 0.071 43.578 0.015 0.056 0.026 99.796
        注:样品中各矿物的的电子探针成分分析(%);Fo.橄榄石镁值, Mg# =100×Mg/(Mg+Fe);Di.单斜辉石中透辉石成分,Di=100×[Ca-(Al-Na-K+Fe3+)/2];Pyr.石榴石镁铝质成分,Pyr=100×Mg/(F2++Ca+Mn+Mg);Ol.橄榄石;Cpx.单斜辉石;Grt.石榴石;Mt.磁铁矿(Fe2+和Fe3+同时存在);Serp.蛇纹石;Chu.钛斜硅镁石. 测试单位为中国地质大学(武汉)地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室电子探针实验室,仪器型号为JXA-8100.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩中橄榄石和单斜辉石的含水量

      Table  2.   Water contents of olivine and clinopyroxene in the garnet wehrlite from Bixiling

      样品号 矿物种类 颗粒数 含水量(10-6)
      最大值 最小值 平均值
      BXL-1 Ol 13 196 11 70
      Cpx 24 501 31 236
      BXL-2 Ol 15 66 17 38
      Cpx 13 369 30 124
      BXL-10 Ol 27 136 34 80
      Cpx 25 539 92 274
      BXL-14 Ol 12 127 16 54
      Cpx 14 407 59 174
        注:Ol.橄榄石;Cpx.单斜辉石.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  碧溪岭石榴异剥橄榄岩中橄榄石差异应力计算

      Table  3.   Calculations of differential stress on olivine in the garnet wehrlite from Bixiling

      取值 位错壁间距d(μm) 差异应力σ(MPa)
      σ=1 000/d σ=(d/280)-1/0.67 σ=100×(d/15)-1/0.69 σ=1 462.5/d
      几何平均值 4.36 230±17 499±57 600±66 336±25
      算术平均值 5.19 193±12 384±38 465±44 282±18
      计算公式来源 Durhanm et al., 1977 Karato et al., 1980 Ross et al., 1980 Toriumi, 1979
      下载: 导出CSV
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