辽西中侏罗统海房沟组火山岩的地球化学特征

摘要: 辽西中侏罗世海房沟组火山岩是燕山造山带中生代火山岩的重要组成部分.海房沟组火山岩主要由粗安岩组成, 其次为英安岩和安山岩, 属于准铝质岩石和高钾钙碱性火山岩系列岩石.地球化学资料表明, 辽西中侏罗世海房沟组火山岩具有低镁埃达克质火山岩的特征, 如SiO₂≥51.98%, Al₂O₃≥15.0%, MgO＜4.18%(Mg^#＜0.48), Sr≥436×10^-6, Yb≤2.25×10^-6, Y≤23.14×10^-6, Cr≤81.09×10^-6, Ni≤34.66×10^-6, Y/Yb≤14.25, Sr/Y≥39和Nb/Ta≈20;轻稀土元素富集, Ba、U、Sr和Pb等相对富集, 而重稀土元素和高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti)相对亏损, 轻重稀土元素强烈分馏((La/Yb)_N≥10.37), 具有弱的负铕异常或正异常(0.79~1.05).另外, Nd、Sr同位素具有较低的(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)初始值(0.511 603~0.511 733, ε_Nd(t)=-15.84~-13.30)、适中的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr初始值(0.704 9~0.705 6, ε_Sr(t)=8.64~18.11)和较高的亏损地幔模式年龄(T_DM=1.81~1.99 Ga), 显示出富集地幔端员(EMI, Enriched Mantle End-member)特点.上述特征表明, 海房沟组埃达克质岩浆起源于较厚下地壳榴辉岩部分融熔, 其成因与玄武质岩浆的底侵作用有关.结合中生代火山岩的地球化学及其成因, 认为早-中侏罗世是燕山造山带从古亚洲洋构造体系向古太平洋构造体系的转折时期, 而中侏罗世海房沟组火山岩的形成(174 Ma)标志着燕山造山带进入了古太平洋构造体系的演化阶段.这对进一步理解燕山运动的深部过程及其岩石圈减薄提供重要信息.
- 火山岩 /
- 下地壳部分熔融 /
- 海房沟组 /
- 中侏罗世 /
- 辽西 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: The Middle Jurassic volcanic rocks of Haifanggou formation from the western Liaoning Province is an important component of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Yanshan Orogenic belt. The volcanic rocks of Haifanggou formation, which are mainly composed of trachyandesite with dacite and andesite, are metaluminous calc-alkaline and high-K series. Geochemical data indicate that the Middle Jurassic volcanic rocks of Haifanggou from the western Liaoning province have the low Mg adakitic volcanic features, such as SiO₂≥51.98%, Al₂O₃≥15.0%, MgO < 4.18% (Mg^# < 0.48), Sr≥436×10^-6, Yb≤2.25×10^-6, Y≤23.14×10^-6, Cr≤81.09×10^-6, Ni≤34.66×10^-6, Y/Yb≤14.25, Sr/Y≥39, and Nb/Ta≈20. The rocks are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE), Ba, U, Sr and Pb, and are depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and high field strength elements (such as Nb, Ta, Ti), and strongly fractionated ((La/Yb)_N≥10.37) with weak negative Eu anomaly or positive Eu anomaly (0.79 to 1.05 in Eu/Eu^*). In addition, these adakitic volcanic rocks also have that low (¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd) initial ratios (0.511 603 to 0.511 733, -15.84 to -13.30 in epsilon ε_Nd(t)), moderate (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr) initial ratios (0.704 9 to 0.705 6, 8.64 to 18.11 in epsilon ε_Sr(t)) and a higher depleted mantle model ages (1.81 to 1.99 Ga in T_DM), showing enriched mantle end-member (EMI) characteristics. These features indicate that Haifanggou adakitic magma were derived from the partial melting of a thickened eclogite from the lower crust, and its origin is related to underplating of the basaltic magma. Combining with geochemistry of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in Yanshan Orogenic belt, the Early-Middle Jurassic in the Yanshan orogenic belt is a conversion period from the ancient Asian Ocean tectonic system to the paleo-Pacific tectonic system, while the generation of the Middle Jurassic adakitic volcanic rocks of Haifanggou formation (174 Ma) shows that the Yanshan orogenic belt has come into the evolution stage of the paleo-Pacific tectonic system. The research results can facilitate the understanding of the deep mechanism of Yanshan movement and lithospheric thinning process.
- volcanic rocks /
- lower crust partial melting /
- Haifanggou formation /
- the Middle Jurassic /
- the western Liaoning Province /
- geochemistry

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图 1 辽西朝阳-锦西地区区域地质简图(据1∶20万地质图改编)

1.第四系；2.义县组；3.蓝旗组；4.海房沟组；5.石炭-二叠系；6.寒武-奥陶系；7.蓟县系；8.松散沉积物；9.砂砾岩；10.英安岩；11.玄武粗安岩；12.粗安岩、安山岩；13.角度不整合；14.岩层产状；15.断层；16.采样点及样号

Fig. 1. Regional geological sketch map modified in Chaoyang and Jinxi areas, western Liaoning Province from 1∶200 000 regional geological maps

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图 2 SiO₂-(K₂O+Na₂O)关系图解(图中三角形符号代表样品数据；菱形符号资料见于武广等(2003))

Fig. 2. Relation of SiO₂ and (K₂O+Na₂O)

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图 3 SiO₂-K₂O关系图解(图例同图 2)

Fig. 3. Relation of SiO₂ and K₂O

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图 4 K₂O-Na₂O关系图解(图例同图 2)

Fig. 4. Relation of K₂O and Na₂O

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图 5 海房沟组火山岩稀土元素配分曲线模式(a)与微量元素蛛网图(b) (标准化值引自Sun and McDonough (1989)；棕色曲线资料来源于武广等(2003))

Fig. 5. Chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns (a) and primary mantle-normalized incompatible element patterns (b) for the volcanic rocks of Haifanggou Formation. Normalization values for primitive mantle are from Sun and McDonough (1989)

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图 6 Sr/Y-Y关系图解(图例同图 2)

Fig. 6. Relation of Sr/Y and Y after Defant and Drummond (1990)

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图 7 SiO₂与主要氧化物、微量元素相关图

Fig. 7. SiO₂ vs. main oxide and rare elements diagrams

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表 1 海房沟组火山岩主量元素(%)和微量元素分析结果(10^-6)

Table 1. The analyzed data of major elements (%) by XRF, trace elements (10^-6) by ICP-MS for the volcanic rocks of Haifanggou Formation

样号	CYX-1	CYX-2	CYX-3	CYX-5	CYX-7	CYX-8	CYX-9	CYX-10	CYX-11	CYX-13	CYX-16	CYX-18	CYX-22	CYX-23
岩性	英安岩	玄武粗安岩	粗安岩	粗安岩	英安岩	英安岩	粗安岩	粗安岩	安山岩	玄武粗安岩	玄武粗安岩	玄武粗安岩	粗安岩	粗安岩
SiO₂	64.44	51.98	58.09	58.94	66.52	65.35	55.92	62.02	59.34	53.05	54.28	53.73	58.89	59.14
TiO₂	0.83	1.05	1.06	1.10	0.62	0.71	1.09	0.70	0.88	1.01	0.97	1.03	0.99	0.99
Al₂O₃	16.54	18.40	17.49	16.69	15.03	15.81	16.87	16.39	15.37	17.54	17.52	18.24	17.03	16.88
TFe₂O₃	4.65	9.85	8.15	7.19	5.46	5.55	8.47	5.41	8.56	8.89	8.85	8.33	6.41	7.15
MnO	0.05	0.10	0.08	0.10	0.05	0.09	0.03	0.05	0.08	0.13	0.16	0.20	0.06	0.06
MgO	0.71	2.82	1.25	2.19	0.73	0.49	3.33	1.93	2.87	4.18	3.44	2.98	2.15	2.30
CaO	2.44	5.86	3.98	5.24	3.06	2.76	4.48	3.92	5.30	7.46	6.51	5.95	4.34	4.49
Na₂O	4.95	4.24	5.15	4.15	3.89	4.65	3.85	4.33	3.68	3.70	3.93	4.79	4.45	4.36
K₂O	3.83	1.96	2.85	2.57	3.09	2.96	2.98	3.03	1.89	1.80	2.10	1.86	3.10	3.07
P₂O₅	0.27	0.32	0.40	0.47	0.24	0.30	0.40	0.27	0.25	0.29	0.33	0.38	0.38	0.37
LOI	1.40	2.70	1.36	1.52	1.36	1.10	2.53	2.14	2.03	1.44	1.46	2.09	1.77	1.19
Total	100.12	99.28	99.85	100.16	100.04	99.78	99.95	100.20	100.25	99.49	99.56	99.58	99.56	100.01
Mg^#	0.23	0.36	0.23	0.38	0.21	0.15	0.44	0.41	0.40	0.48	0.44	0.41	0.40	0.39
ACNK	0.99	0.93	0.93	0.87	0.98	1.00	0.95	0.93	0.87	0.81	0.85	0.88	0.92	0.90
Na₂O+K₂O	8.78	6.20	8.00	6.72	6.97	7.61	6.83	7.36	5.56	5.50	6.04	6.65	7.55	7.43
K₂O/Na₂O	0.77	0.46	0.55	0.62	0.79	0.64	0.77	0.70	0.51	0.49	0.53	0.39	0.70	0.70
La	48.01	23.25	35.12	34.75	24.88	28.86	31.02	25.47	19.73	21.12	24.70	26.98	38.83	36.67
Ce	81.09	45.27	66.02	67.77	46.58	53.93	62.08	49.26	39.28	43.91	50.39	53.30	80.61	76.40
Pr	11.49	6.34	8.64	8.98	5.92	7.40	8.16	6.07	5.25	5.76	6.56	6.98	10.13	9.65
Nd	44.15	26.78	34.72	36.22	23.19	29.09	32.74	23.32	21.75	24.00	26.11	28.76	39.53	37.80
Sm	7.47	5.03	5.86	6.10	3.90	4.92	5.38	3.76	4.13	4.41	4.78	5.08	6.62	6.55
Eu	1.92	1.62	1.74	1.82	1.12	1.38	1.62	1.21	1.26	1.37	1.40	1.51	1.61	1.56
Gd	6.32	4.59	4.59	4.80	3.05	3.72	4.12	3.11	3.74	3.78	4.25	3.96	5.41	5.11
Tb	0.82	0.61	0.56	0.56	0.37	0.45	0.50	0.36	0.50	0.51	0.57	0.49	0.68	0.62
Dy	4.42	3.20	2.75	2.69	1.78	2.19	2.46	1.78	2.82	2.73	2.97	2.46	3.33	3.09
Ho	0.86	0.62	0.52	0.48	0.33	0.37	0.48	0.33	0.54	0.54	0.59	0.46	0.62	0.57
Er	2.28	1.66	1.29	1.23	0.85	0.98	1.19	0.88	1.54	1.44	1.57	1.22	1.67	1.53
Tm	0.33	0.23	0.17	0.15	0.12	0.12	0.16	0.13	0.21	0.19	0.23	0.16	0.22	0.22
Yb	2.25	1.45	1.06	1.01	0.77	0.82	1.05	0.96	1.37	1.25	1.47	1.13	1.44	1.42
Lu	0.37	0.22	0.16	0.15	0.12	0.13	0.16	0.16	0.22	0.21	0.23	0.18	0.23	0.22
Y	23.14	18.93	15.10	13.75	9.48	11.14	13.50	9.89	16.47	15.78	17.41	13.46	17.70	17.83
Cr	15.65	42.87	81.09	77.58	61.83	40.81	69.33	41.43	72.26	70.64	24.88	79.57	25.91	21.75
Co	4.95	26.26	19.88	17.08	6.82	8.52	20.08	15.13	23.83	26.54	21.60	24.65	14.34	15.69
Ni	0.84	23.16	30.59	29.91	9.87	11.41	27.94	14.46	27.55	34.66	14.54	34.32	12.00	12.76
U	1.01	0.42	0.78	0.46	0.96	0.61	0.58	1.11	0.28	0.38	0.44	0.32	0.90	0.89
Th	3.82	1.24	2.26	1.89	2.02	1.79	1.73	2.06	1.47	1.78	1.94	1.29	3.83	3.74
Pb	12.57	5.33	8.89	8.28	11.47	10.23	7.26	10.00	4.88	5.12	5.49	5.79	18.86	10.04
V	35.13	198.10	131.10	123.60	72.88	63.88	140.00	72.69	99.44	180.00	155.20	157.60	121.30	118.10
Rb	87.33	35.89	48.61	50.09	63.96	52.52	44.67	59.81	22.81	33.55	43.67	33.59	75.63	76.27
Sr	436	783	763	904	691	672	905	791	574	780	747	917	702	720
Ba	1 309	779	1 064	1 109	910	944	1001	1 022	700	683	771	838	974	928
Ta	0.49	0.21	0.34	0.33	0.44	0.41	0.28	0.48	0.21	0.25	0.28	0.23	0.48	0.47
Nb	9.65	4.54	7.29	7.19	7.00	7.02	6.16	7.76	4.22	5.00	5.70	5.17	9.75	9.74
Hf	5.54	2.74	3.48	3.30	2.73	2.90	3.14	4.91	2.48	2.81	3.20	2.78	5.58	5.39
Zr	246.0	124.8	166.2	160.3	114.9	129.6	145.0	192.0	115.0	126.1	150.1	131.0	260.2	256.6
Ga	20.02	21.55	22.37	20.83	18.38	19.61	20.88	20.41	16.48	20.26	20.69	23.51	21.49	21.80
Sc	10.00	17.97	13.24	11.57	6.91	7.26	14.05	8.24	17.62	20.37	17.00	16.94	10.33	10.44
Ge	1.54	1.91	1.23	1.21	1.35	1.06	1.17	1.22	1.10	1.29	1.29	0.89	1.01	1.03
Cu	5.35	37.55	32.51	22.87	6.67	18.91	35.95	13.24	51.59	47.12	30.03	39.93	29.21	49.13
Zn	73.96	97.79	104.10	104.80	59.44	61.81	85.23	75.78	74.76	120.70	88.47	103.80	77.37	80.10
(La/Yb)_N	15.31	11.51	23.77	24.70	23.12	25.25	21.13	19.03	10.37	12.16	12.07	17.19	19.41	18.50
Sr/Y	18.85	41.34	50.55	65.72	72.94	60.36	67.01	79.97	34.83	49.44	42.88	68.16	39.66	40.39
Y/Yb	10.29	13.06	14.25	13.63	12.27	13.59	12.82	10.30	12.07	12.66	11.86	11.95	12.33	12.54
∑REE	211.78	120.87	163.20	166.70	112.97	134.37	151.12	116.79	102.33	111.22	125.81	132.67	190.91	181.41
Eu/Eu^*	0.83	1.01	0.99	0.99	0.96	0.94	1.01	1.05	0.96	1.00	0.93	0.99	0.80	0.79
(Ho/Yb)_N	1.15	1.29	1.47	1.42	1.26	1.36	1.35	1.03	1.18	1.30	1.20	1.23	1.30	1.20
注：Mg^#=Mg/(Mg+Fe).

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表 2 海房沟组火山岩Nd、Sr同位素分析结果

Table 2. The analyzed data of Nd, Sr isotopies by MC-ICP-MS for the volcanic rocks of Haifanggou Formation

样号	¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd	¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd	2s	⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr	⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr	2s	T_DM(Ga)	ε_Nd(t)	ε_Sr(t)
CYX-1	0.102 3	0.511 822	7	0.579 3	0.706 999	14	1.81	-13.79	17.81
CYX-5	0.101 8	0.511 736	7	0.160 3	0.705 693	14	1.92	-15.46	14.24
CYX-8	0.102 3	0.511 719	6	0.225 9	0.705 748	16	1.95	-15.80	12.67
CYX-13	0.111 0	0.511 859	6	0.124 4	0.705 820	13	1.91	-13.27	17.32
CYX-18	0.106 7	0.511 751	6	0.105 9	0.705 244	11	1.99	-15.28	9.81
CYX-22	0.101 1	0.511 730	7	0.311 7	0.705 670	16	1.92	-15.56	8.50

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