黄河三角洲全新世以来沉积环境的划分及各环境中碳埋藏速率的评价

赵广明; 叶思源; 丁喜桂; 袁红明; 王锦

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2014.043

黄河三角洲全新世以来沉积环境的划分及各环境中碳埋藏速率的评价

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2014.043

赵广明^{1, 2, 3,},
叶思源^{1, 2, 3, ,},
丁喜桂^{1, 2, 3},
袁红明^{1, 2, 3},
王锦^{1, 2, 3}

1.
中国地质调查局滨海湿地生物地质重点实验室，山东青岛 266071
2.
国土资源部海洋油气资源与环境地质重点实验室，山东青岛 266071
3.
青岛海洋地质研究所，山东青岛 266071

基金项目:

国土资源部公益性行业基金 201111023

大地调查项目 1212010611402

国家自然科学基金 41240022

国土资源部海洋油气资源与环境地质重点实验室基金 MRE2012030

海洋地质保障工程项目 GZH201200503

详细信息

作者简介:
赵广明(1984-)，男，助理研究员，硕士，从事环境地质研究.E-mail：guangming_210@163.com

通讯作者:
叶思源，E-mail：siyuanye@hotmail.com

中图分类号: P66
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-06-02
- 刊出日期: 2014-04-15

Sedimentary Environmental Partitioning of Holocene Strata and Assessment of Carbon Burial Rate of Various Paleo-Environments in the Yellow River Delta

Zhao Guangming^{1, 2, 3
,},
Ye Siyuan^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
Ding Xigui^{1, 2, 3},
Yuan Hongming^{1, 2, 3},
Wang Jin^{1, 2, 3}

1.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Biogeosciences, China Geologic Survey, Qingdao 266071, China
2.
The Key Laboratory Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao 266071, China
3.
Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China

摘要

摘要: 为了研究黄河三角洲全新世不同古环境中的碳埋藏速率，于2007年在研究区布设了一口30.3 m浅钻，以对其进行了沉积学观测以及含水量、有机碳、总碳和营养成分测试分析.通过地层分析，将其全新世地层划分为8种沉积环境.运用历史地理学和沉积地质学综合分析方法对现代黄河三角洲沉积环境中部分层位进行了精确的年代划分，其他层位也进行了年代推测.同时利用确定的年代计算了不同沉积环境碳的埋藏速率.结果表明：总碳和有机碳与各营养元素都呈很好的线性相关；沉积物的沉积速率是有机碳和总碳埋藏速率的主控因素；虽然沉积物C_org浓度相对较低，但由于其高沉积速率，C_org的平均埋藏速率达到1 331 g/(m²·a)，远高于世界其他高C_org浓度的湿地，因此是很好的碳汇地质体.
- 古环境演化 /
- 碳埋藏速率 /
- 沉积 /
- 环境地质 /
- 黄河三角洲
Abstract: In order to study the carbon burial rate of various paleo-environments of Holocene strata in the Yellow River delta (YRD), one 30.3-meter-sediment core, obtained from YRD in 2007, is analyzed for sedimentary characteristics, water content, organic carbon, total carbon and nutritional components in this paper. By analyzing the strata sequence, the Holocene strata are divided into eight kinds of sedimentary environments. Comprehensive analysis method of historical geography and sedimentary geology is used to determine the precise depositional age of the modern Yellow River delta (MYRD) while pre-MYRD age is deduced. The carbon burial rates of various sedimentary environments are calculated based on the certain depositional age. The results show that the nutrient elements are well related to total carbon and organic carbon, and sediment rate is the main controlling factor of the accretion rate of organic carbon and total carbon. Although the carbon concentration is remarkably lower in the sediments, the average carbon accretion rate reaches 1 331 g/(m²·a) because of high sedimentation rate, which is significantly higher than that of the wetlands with high carbon concentration. It is concluded that the MYRD is likely the major sink of carbon.
- paleoenvironment evolution /
- carbon burial rate /
- sedimentology /
- environmental geology /
- the Yellow River delta

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图 1 钻孔位置及现代黄河三角洲分流河道历史变迁

分流河道时间顺序以阿拉伯数字表示，其后的英文字母表示分流河道活动的先后顺序.1.1855—1889年；2.1889—1897年；3.1897—1904年；4a.1904—1917年；4b.1917—1926年；4c.1926—1929年；5a-5d.1929—1934年；6a.1934—1953年；6b.1934—1960年；6c.1960—1964年；7a.1964—1966年，处于漫流和频繁改道状态，未标明具体位置；7b.1967—1972年；7c.1972—1974年；7d.1974—1976年；8.1976年至今.图中整个三角洲海岸线为1984年高潮线的位置，现行河口海岸线分别为1976年12月、1986年5月、1996年5月、2002年2月和2006年10月5个时期平均低潮线位置，数据是通过这5年的landsat卫星遥感图像解译所得

Fig. 1. Location of the core and modern Yellow River channel variance history

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图 2 黄河三角洲北部ZK2孔全新世沉积环境及形成年代

Fig. 2. Holocene depositional environment and age of ZK2 in the northern Yellow River delta

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 碳氮及P、S含量垂向分布

Fig. 3. Vertical distribution map of C, TN, P, S concentration

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 黄河三角洲沉积物元素特征

Table 1. Element characteristics of the sediments in Yellow River delta

	Cu(mg/kg)	Mn(mg/kg)	TN(mg/kg)	P(mg/kg)	S(mg/kg)	Zn(mg/kg)	Al(mg/g)
平均值	17.86	485.16	256.11	564.00	421.65	51.98	59.16
STDEV	7.094	152.808	153.473	60.812	278.550	15.668	5.854

	Fe(mg/g)	Mg(mg/g)	Ca(mg/g)	K(mg/g)	TC(mg/g)	C_org(mg/g)	pH
平均值	25.41	13.15	43.60	18.27	13.08	2.68	8.66
STDEV	6.551	2.335	8.482	1.642	4.236	2.013	0.119
注：STDEV.标准偏差.

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表 2 沉积物碳、Al及营养元素浓度的相关性分析

Table 2. Correlations between carbons, Al and nutrients of the sediments

	Cu	Mn	TN	P	S	Zn	Al	Fe	Mg	Ca	K	TC	C_org
Cu	1	0.961(**)	0.883(**)	0.493(**)	0.300(*)	0.971(**)	0.910(**)	0.960(**)	0.931(**)	0.815(**)	0.860(**)	0.899(**)	0.506(**)
Mn		1	0.887(**)	0.443(**)	0.280	0.978(**)	0.925(**)	0.977(**)	0.952(**)	0.884(**)	0.873(**)	0.935(**)	0.495(**)
TN			1	0.580(**)	0.384(**)	0.914(**)	0.843(**)	0.919(**)	0.899(**)	0.763(**)	0.782(**)	0.903(**)	0.575(**)
P				1	0.201	0.555(**)	0.403(**)	0.548(**)	0.471(**)	0.238	0.317(*)	0.447(**)	0.279
S					1	0.376(*)	0.497(**)	0.390(**)	0.499(**)	0.132	0.552(**)	0.349(*)	0.622(**)
Zn						1	0.946(**)	0.995(**)	0.970(**)	0.821(**)	0.893(**)	0.926(**)	0.550(**)
Al							1	0.946(**)	0.956(**)	0.721(**)	0.972(**)	0.856(**)	0.590(**)
Fe								1	0.974(**)	0.837(**)	0.891(**)	0.938(**)	0.558(**)
Mg									1	0.834(**)	0.903(**)	0.932(**)	0.639(**)
Ca										1	0.640(**)	0.914(**)	0.439(**)
K											1	0.791(**)	0.566(**)
TC												1	0.576(**)
Corg													1
注：*为在0.01水平(双侧)上显著相关；为在0.05水平(双侧)上显著相关.

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表 3 黄河三角洲不同沉积环境垂向沉积速率与C的埋藏速率计算

Table 3. Vertical sediment rate and accretion rate of carbon of different sediment environments in Yellow River delta

沉积层位	沉积厚度 (m)	沉积时间 (a)	沉积速率 (cm/a)	原位密度 (g/cm³)	TC含量 (mg/g)	C_org含量 (mg/g)	TC埋藏速率 g/(m²·a)	C_org埋藏速率 g/(m²·a)	沉积环境
U8	3.76	22.00	17.09	1.48	10.64	1.75	2 691.34	442.65	三角洲平原
U7	4.26	10.00	42.60	1.59	11.45	2.57	7 755.54	1 740.76	三角洲前缘
U6	1.27	4.00	31.75	1.23	18.10	3.77	7 068.50	1 472.28	三角洲侧缘
U5	6.21	10.00	62.10	1.59	12.71	2.10	12 549.73	2 073.52	三角洲前缘
U4	2.94	17.00	17.29	1.25	21.54	4.28	4 656.44	925.24	前三角洲
U3	3.09	8 787.00	0.03	1.50	13.80	2.39	6.87	1.19	陆架
U2	1.07	200.00	0.54	1.64	16.05	8.89	140.82	78.00	潮坪

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