Characteristics and Evolutionary Pattern of Incised Valley in Chepaizi Area, Junggar Basin
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摘要: 下切谷作为一种特殊的层序内部组成要素，其侵蚀-充填演化模式对于层序划分和油气勘探均具有重要意义.综合利用三维地震、钻井、古生物等资料，展开了对下切谷下切-充填的演化过程分析.研究表明地震相干切片识别出东西、南东、南北3类不同流向的下切谷.在地震剖面上，下切谷表现为以V型为主的形态特征，内部充填样式以前积、发散、上超等样式为主.结合区域地质背景分析认为，海西-燕山运动期车排子凸起强烈隆升，基准面快速下降导致对下伏地层产生侵蚀，下切谷由此产生.古近系之后开始沉降，基准面重新上升使得下切谷开始接受沉积充填，充填时限与古岸线位置有关.对下切谷的演化控制因素讨论认为，下切谷的下切-充填演化受到构造、古地貌、古气候及物源供给等因素的共同影响.Abstract: It is important for sequence stratigraphy and oil-gas exploration to explore major internal sequence compositions such as the evolution of erosion and filling patterns. In this paper, incised valley characteristics and evolutionary model are studied using 3D seismic data, drilling data and paleontological data. The results show that there are a series of incised valleys in the study area, which are determined and divided into three different kinds of strike including E-W, S-E and N-S respectively by the seismic profile. The morphology of incised valleys on the seismic profile shows a V-shape, while the internal filling patterns are of progradational configuration, divergent configuration and on-lap configuration. Regional geological data indicate that Chepaizi area started to uplift during the Heisey-Indosinian movement, resulting in the formation of an incised valley by a drop in base level. After the Paleogene, the base level restarted to rise, so the incised valley started to fill, with the filling time related to the position of ancient coastline. The evolutionary model of incised valleys is controlled by tectonics, topography, paleoclimate and source supply.
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Key words:
- Chepaizi /
- incised valley /
- base level /
- filling /
- evolutionary pattern /
- seismic prospecting /
- stratigraphy
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图 2 春光油田白垩系层序地震解释方案
Fig. 2. Seismic interpretation of the sequence of Cretaceous in ChunGuang oil filed
图 3 研究区下切谷相干切片图及平面分布示意
Fig. 3. The coherent body slices and the distribution characteristics schematic diagram of incised valley in study area
图 4 研究区下切谷几何外形地震剖面
a.南部单一下切谷；b.南东流向多支流下切谷；c.南东流向单一下切谷Ⅰ；d.南东流向单一下切谷Ⅱ；e.东西流向下切谷
Fig. 4. Geometry of the seismic profile of incised valley in the study area
图 5 车排子春光地区下切谷内部充填样式
a.下切谷侧向加积型充填；b.下切谷双向上超型充填；c.平行下切谷走向剖面
Fig. 5. Internal filling style of incised valley in Chepaizi area
图 6 下切谷内部充填物典型岩心照片
a.春111E灰绿色含砾泥岩；b.春11褐红色细砾岩；c.春17-11灰白色沙砾岩
Fig. 6. Typical photos of the core in the incised valley filling
图 7 白垩系各沉积期古岸线迁移
Fig. 7. The migration of ancient coastline in each sedimentary period during Cretaceous
图 8 下切谷充填时限地震剖面响应
Fig. 8. The response of seismic profiles with the incised valley filling time
图 9 车排子凸起下切谷-斜坡扇沉积模式
Fig. 9. The sedimentary model of incised valley-slope fan in Chepaizi area
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