Division of Sedimentary Basins and Its Tectonic Evolution in North China from Newproterozoic to Mesozoic
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摘要: 在华北陆块区进行构造-地层区划的基础上,对华北陆块中元古代-新元古代、早古生代、晚古生代、三叠纪-早侏罗世、中侏罗世-白垩纪5个大地构造阶段不同构造-地层区内的沉积盆地类型、充填序列和时空演化过程进行了分析、讨论.中-新元古代是华北周缘裂谷发育期.寒武纪-早、中奥陶世,华北广泛发生沉降并接受海侵,形成几乎广布全华北的碳酸盐岩台地.晚奥陶世-泥盆纪,华北整体抬升,遭受剥蚀,沉积缺失.石炭纪-二叠纪,华北陆块再次发生沉降并接受海侵,形成广阔的陆表海海陆交互相沉积,至晚二叠世华北陆块进入陆相盆地发展阶段.中生代,华北陆块陆内构造运动活跃,普遍形成与火山活动相伴的断陷盆地、坳陷盆地和拉分盆地.Abstract: On the basis of divisions of tectonic-stratum of the North China block (NCB) area, this article discusses the type of sedimentary basins formation region, filling sequence and temporal evolution of different tectonic-stratum zones for each construction phase according to five tectonic stages as Mesoproterozoic-Neoproterozoic, Paleozoic, Late Paleozoic, Triassic-Early Jurassic, Middle Jurassic-Cretaceous. Meso-Neoproterozoic is the stage of development of periphery rifting. Cambrian-Early, Middle Ordovician, North China plate synchronized global settlement and received extensive transgression, forming widespread carbonate platform of almost all north China. Late Ordovician-Devonian, NCB overall uplift and erosion, sedimentation is missing. Carboniferous-Permian, North China block subsided again and suffered transgression, forming a broad epicontinental sea paralic deposition. To Late Permian, NCB entered the stage of continental basin development. Mesozoic, continental tectonic activities were active, forming fault basins, sag basins and pull-apart basins broadly.
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Key words:
- sedimentology /
- tectonics /
- Neoproterozoic-Mesozoic /
- North China /
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图 1 华北构造分区
Ⅰ.冀北-阴山(陆块)地层区;Ⅱ.鄂尔多斯(陆块)地层区;Ⅲ.五台-太行地层区;Ⅳ.冀辽陆块地层区;Ⅴ.渤海东(陆块)地层区;Ⅵ.鲁西(陆块)地层区;Ⅶ.陕豫皖(陆块)地层区;1.Ⅵ-1-1狼山地层分区;2.Ⅵ-1-2色尔腾地层分区;3.Ⅵ-1-3红旗营子、冀北地层分区;4.Ⅵ-2-1吉兰泰-包头地层分区;5.Ⅵ-2-2乌拉山-凉城地层分区;6.Ⅵ-2-3贺兰山地层分区;7.Ⅵ-2-4鄂尔多斯地层分区;8.Ⅵ-3-1山西地层分区;9.Ⅵ-3-2恒山-桑干地层分区;10.Ⅵ-3-3太行山北段地层分区;11.Ⅵ-3-4五台-吕梁地层分区;12.Ⅵ-3-5汾渭地层分区;13.Ⅵ-3-6阜平地层分区;14.Ⅵ-3-7沁水地层分区;15.Ⅵ-3-8赞皇-涑水地层分区;16.Ⅵ-4-1承德-建平地层分区;17.Ⅵ-4-2凡河地层分区;18.Ⅵ-4-3燕辽地层分区;19.Ⅵ-4-4绥中-秦皇岛地层分区;20.Ⅵ-4-5冀东地层分区;21.Ⅵ-4-6遵化地层分区;22.Ⅵ-4-7渤海地层分区;23.Ⅵ-4-8下辽河地层分区;24.Ⅵ-5-1龙岗地层分区;25.Ⅵ-5-2太子河-浑江地层分区;26.Ⅵ-5-3胶-辽-吉地层分区;27.Ⅵ-5-4大连地层分区;28.Ⅵ-5-5胶东地层分区;29.Ⅵ-5-6招远地层分区;30.Ⅵ-5-7莱阳地层分区;31.Ⅵ-6-1泰山地层分区;32.Ⅵ-6-2鲁西地层分区;33.Ⅵ-6-3淄博(枣庄)地层分区;34.Ⅵ-7-1中条-登封地层分区;35.Ⅵ-7-2熊耳、太华-鲁山地层分区;据潘桂棠等(2009)修改
Fig. 1. Tectonic division of North China
图 2 华北陆块新元古代各构造阶段沉积盆地分布及地层格架
1.狼山隆起;2.贺兰山-鄂尔多斯混积台地(Qb);3.色尔腾裂谷(Qb);4.乌拉山-凉城碳酸盐岩台地(Z2);5.冀北隆起;6.恒山-桑干、五台-吕梁隆起;7.汾渭、沁水隆起;8.赞皇-涑水隆起;9.山西碎屑岩陆表海(Qb);10.太行山北段混积台地(Qb);11.燕辽混积台地(Qb);12.渤海混积台地(Qb);13.下辽河隆起;14.凡河裂谷(Qb);15.张广才岭-长白山被动陆缘(Qb-Z);16.大连-泰山隆起;17.鲁西碳酸盐岩台地(Qb-Z1);18.中条-登封被动陆缘(Z);19.太华-鲁山裂谷(Qb)
Fig. 2. Division of Neoproterozoic sedimentary basin of North China and stratigraphic framework
图 4 华北陆块晚古生代-早侏罗世各构造阶段沉积盆地分布图及地层格架
a.晚古生代-早中三叠世;其中,1.阴山隆起;2.贺兰山海陆交互陆表海(C2-P2)、前陆盆地(P2-T);3.吕梁山海陆交互陆表海(C2-P2)、坳陷盆地(P2-T);4.汾渭-沁水海陆交互陆表海;5.太行山北段、渤海隆起;6.泰山-淄博海陆交互陆表海(C2-P2)、坳陷盆地(P2-T);7.太子河-浑江、胶-辽-吉海陆交互陆表海(C2-P2)、坳陷盆地(P2-T2);8.燕辽海陆交互陆表海(C2-P2)、坳陷盆地(P2-T);9.承德-凡河隆起;10.下辽河隆起;11.龙岗海陆交互陆表海(C2-P1);12.中条-登封海陆交互陆表海(C2-P2)、坳陷盆地(P2-3);13.熊耳-鲁山隆起;14.冀东隆起;15.大连隆起;b.晚三叠世-早侏罗世;其中,1.狼山-色尔腾压陷盆地(J1-K1);2.吉兰泰-包头隆起;3.贺兰山-鄂尔多斯前陆盆地(C2-P2)、压陷盆地(P2-T);4.大青山弧内裂陷盆地(J1-J3);5.遵化隆起;6.燕辽坳陷盆地(P2-T)、压陷盆地(J1);7.绥中-秦皇岛压陷盆地(J1);8.凡河压陷盆地(J1);9.山西前陆盆地(T1)、弧内裂陷盆地(J);10.汾渭、沁水前陆盆地(T);11.五台-吕梁坳陷盆地(P2-T)、断陷盆地(J);12.阜平-涑水隆起;13.渤海隆起;14.下辽河隆起;15.龙岗弧内裂陷盆地(J1-K2);16.胶-辽-吉弧内裂陷盆地(T3-K1);17.太子河-浑江坳陷盆地(P2-T2)、(火山)断陷盆地(J1-K2);18.中条-登封前陆盆地(T)、压陷盆地(J);19.熊耳-鲁山隆起
Fig. 4. Division map of Late Paleozoic-Early Jurassic sedimentary basin of North China and stratigraphic framework
图 5 华北陆块中侏罗世-晚白垩世各构造阶段沉积盆地分布图及地层格架
1.狼山压陷盆地(J1-K1),(火山)断陷盆地(K1);2.贺兰山压陷盆地(J1-K1);3.冀北弧内裂陷盆地(J),(火山)断陷盆地(K);4.恒山-桑干弧内裂陷盆地(J2-K1),坳陷盆地(K2);5.山西弧内裂陷盆地(J),断陷盆地(K);6.五台-吕梁断陷盆地(J);7.沁水断陷盆地(J3);8.汾渭隆起;9.阜平-涑水隆起;10.渤海(火山)断陷盆地(J3);11.招远-莱阳(火山)拉分盆地(K);12.大青山弧内裂陷盆地(J1-K2);13.燕辽断陷盆地(J2-3),弧内裂陷盆地(K);14.下辽河拉分盆地(K1);15.龙岗弧内裂陷盆地(J1-K2);16.太子河-浑江(火山)断陷盆地(J1-K2);17.胶-辽-吉弧内裂陷盆地(J3-K1),坳陷盆地(K2);18.大连断陷盆地(J2);19.胶东断陷盆地(K1);20.鲁西拉分盆地(J2-K2);21.中条-登封压陷盆地(J),(火山)断陷盆地(K);22.熊耳-鲁山断陷盆地(K2)
Fig. 5. Division map of Middle Jurassic-Late Cretaceous sedimentary basin of North China and stratigraphic framework
图 6 华北地区新元古代-中生代沉积盆地构造演化
(据刘波等,1999修改)
Fig. 6. The tectonic evolution chart of Neoproterozoic-Mesozoic sedimentary basin at North China
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