Geochemistry and Comprehensive Utilization on Tailings of Tonglüshan Mine, Daye, Hubei Province
-
摘要: 对尾矿进行深入细致的研究, 认真分析其物理化学组成将为矿山环境的治理以及尾矿的综合利用提供重要的科学依据.探讨了铜绿山矽卡岩型铜铁矿床尾矿砂的矿物组合特征和地球化学特征, 初步研究了稀硫酸溶液萃取尾矿砂中有价金属元素方法的可行性.研究结果表明: 尾矿砂先后经过化学冶选和长期堆存风化, 矿物组成发生显著改变, 以粘土矿物(高岭石和伊利石)为主; 尾矿中的铜矿物以氧化铜为主, 尾矿砂中金属元素的活动性明显增强, 含量从顶部到第6层逐渐增加, 并在尾砂库的第6层强烈富集, 重金属铜具有回收利用的价值.Abstract: The study on the tailings and their physical and chemical compositions can provide important scientific basis for the control of the mine environment and the proper utilization of tailings. The mineral and geochemical characteristics of the tailings of the skarn copper-iron deposits in the Tonglüshan copper deposit are studied in the paper, Hubei Province, and the heavy metals are extracted and separated by the dilute sulfuric acid.The results show that mineral compositions of the tailings have changed significantly after chemical mineral processing and the long-term physical and chemical weathering. The main form of copper mineral is copper oxide in the tailings, with heavy metals increasingly enriched from the top down. The enrichment of heavy metal elements peaks in the sixth horizon of the tailing pond. It is found that the copper in the tailing pond has potential recycle value.
-
Key words:
- tailings /
- mineral /
- heavy metal /
- recycle /
- geochemistry
-
表 1 尾砂库垂直剖面尾砂矿物含量(%)
Table 1. Vertical profile of mineral contents in tailings
样品编号 高岭石 伊利石 方解石 铁白云石 石英 钠长石 阳起石 蒙脱石 TD-1(0 cm) 5.25 53.09 15.68 5.72 12.58 5.21 2.47 - TD-2(30 cm) 3.32 59.81 16.81 2.60 12.19 2.58 2.70 - TD-3(40 cm) 9.65 61.03 15.02 0.98 9.42 1.67 - 2.24 TD-4(60 cm) 4.38 44.57 14.75 12.88 8.68 2.33 2.05 10.37 TD-5(80 cm) 14.01 20.36 31.79 8.92 18.81 6.11 - - TD-6(120 cm) 8.14 27.55 30.84 14.66 9.38 6.37 3.05 - TD-7(140 cm) 4.92 47.48 25.51 10.27 6.99 2.30 0.70 1.84 TD-8(160 cm) 4.00 36.54 14.04 29.22 8.12 6.12 1.96 - 注：-表示未检出. 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 尾砂库垂直剖面尾砂主量元素含量(%)
Table 2. Vertical profile of major element contents in tailings
样品编号 SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO Na2O K2O TiO2 MnO TD-1(0 cm) 29.50 5.04 14.35 18.70 6.91 0.43 0.98 0.16 0.29 TD-2(30 cm) 31.90 5.23 12.70 19.30 7.35 0.34 1.00 0.18 0.29 TD-3(40 cm) 33.80 7.04 13.90 19.45 6.64 1.00 1.00 0.19 0.31 TD-4(60 cm) 27.40 3.32 19.95 20.10 5.25 0.26 0.49 0.14 0.34 TD-5(80 cm) 26.00 5.58 15.85 20.20 6.05 0.28 0.80 0.20 0.33 TD-6(120 cm) 28.10 4.60 22.50 18.75 4.76 0.32 0.61 0.19 0.34 TD-7(140 cm) 29.60 5.36 20.50 19.10 3.75 0.31 0.64 0.22 0.31 TD-8(160 cm) 24.20 3.62 19.15 20.50 5.97 0.31 0.63 0.14 0.35
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 尾砂垂直剖面中金属元素的含量(mg/kg)
Table 3. Vertical profile of mental contents in tailings
样品编号(深度) Cu Pb Zn Cd Cr Ni TD-1(0 cm) 884 8.6 299 1.13 15 8.3 TD-2(30 cm) 1 020 10.7 317 1.23 22 9.7 TD-3(40 cm) 1 505 12.9 350 0.43 21 10.1 TD-4(60 cm) 1 885 9.3 324 0.44 11 9.2 TD-5(80 cm) 1 560 15.0 385 0.47 22 11.0 TD-6(120 cm) 4 390 21.1 381 0.61 18 10.7 TD-7(140 cm) 2 790 23.4 358 0.63 27 9.3 TD-8(160 cm) 780 10.1 256 0.33 29 10.0 平均值 1 851.75 13.89 333.75 0.66 20.63 9.85 变异系数 0.66 0.40 0.13 0.51 0.29 0.10
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 硫酸对金属元素的提取效果
Table 4. The effect of sulfuric acid to extract metal elements
样品 Cu(mg/kg) Pb(mg/kg) Zn(mg/kg)) 分离前 分离后 分离前 分离后 分离前 分离后 T10-D-2 1 020 523 10.7 5.2 317 112.38 T10-D-4 1 885 672 9.3 5.4 324 99.25 T10-D-6 4 390 1 861 21.1 18.1 381 295.70 T10-D-8 780 440 10.1 5.8 256 119.50 平均提取率 53.57% 37.53% 52.40%
下载: 导出CSV
-
Antonijevic, M.M., Dimitrijevic, M.D., Stevanovic, Z.O., et al., 2008. Investigation of the Possibility of Copper Recovery from the Flotation Tailings by Acid Leaching. Journal of Hazardous Materilas, 158(1): 23-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.063 Chen, T.H., Feng, J.H., Xu, X.C., 2001. The Research Progress on the Acid Drainage and Heavy Metal Leaching of Foreign Mine Tailings. Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control, 2(2): 41-46(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_chinese-journal-environmental-engineering_thesis/0201217810929.html Deng, X.D., Li, J.W., Zhang, W., et al., 2012. Genesis of Granitic Pegmatites and Enclosed Graphic Texture in the Tonglüshan Fe-Cu(Au) Skarn Deposit: Constraints from K-Feldspar 40Ar/39Ar Dating, Trace-Element Geochemistry, and Fluid Inclusion Systematics. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 37(1): 77-92(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/287565125_Genesis_of_granitic_pegmatites_and_enclosed_graphic_texture_in_the_Tonglushan_Fe-Cu_Au_skarn_deposit_Constraints_from_K-feldspar_40Ar_39Ar_dating_trace-element_geochemistry_and_fluid_inclusion_systema Hong, H.L., Du, D.W., Li, R.B., et al., 2012. Mixed-Layer Clay Minerals in the Xuancheng Red Clay Sediments, Xuancheng, Anhui Province. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 37(3): 424-432(in Chinese with English abstract). Lei, L.Q., Luo, Y.H., Song, C.A., et al., 2013. Assessment and Prediction of the Combined Pollution Risk of Heavy Metals in the Sulfide Tailings of a Mining Area, Northern Guangxi, China. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 38(5): 1107-1115 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.109 Fu, J.G., Chen, K.D., Wang, H., et al., 2012. Recovering Molybdenite from Ultrafine Waste Tailings by Oil Agglomerate Flotation. Minerals Engineering, 39: 133-139. doi: 10.1016/j.mineng.2012.07.006 Kabas, S., Faz, A., Acosta, J.A., et al., 2012. Effect of Marble Waste and Pig Slurry on the Growth of Native Vegetation and Heavy Metal Mobolity in a Mine Tailing Pond. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 123: 69-76. doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2012.07.008 Huang, K.J., Xie, S.Y., Bao, Z.Y., et al., 2008. Environmental Geochemistry of Heavy Metal and Trace Elements in Tailings of Tonglüshan Copper and Iron Mine, Daye, Hubei Province. Geochimica, 37(3): 213-222(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQHX200803005.htm Ramos-Arroyo, Y.R., Siebe, C., 2007. Weathering of Sulphide Minerals and Trace Elements Speciation in Tailings of Various Ages in the Guanajuato Mining District. Catean, 71(3): 497-506. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2007.03.014 Sidenko, N.V., Khozhina, E.I., Sherriff, B.L., 2007. The Cycling of Ni, Zn, Cu in the System "Mine Tailings-Ground Water-Plants": A Case Study. Applied Geochemistry, 22(1): 30-52. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2007.03.014 Sirkeci, A.A., Gul, A., Bulut, G., et al., 2006. Recovery of Co, Ni, and Cu from the Tailings of Divrigi Iron Ore Concentrator. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 27(2): 131-141. doi: 10.1080/08827500600563343 Sun, L.N., Jin, C.Z., 2002. Environmental Geochemistry of Water in Wolongquan River Valley. Geochimica, 31(1): 97-103(in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.mendeley.com/research/environmental-geochemistry-water-wolongquan-river-valley-china/ Wang, Y.B., Gu, X.X., Zhang, Z.B., et al., 2011. Isotopic Geochemistry of the Tonglüshan Cu-Fe Type Deposit in Hubei Province. Geoscience, 25(4): 730-740(in Chinese with English abstract). Wang, Y.P., 1998. The Geochemistry of Environmental Effects of Trailings in Tonglüshan Cu-Fe Mine, Daye(Dissertation). China University of Geosciences, Wuhan(in Chinese). Wang, Y.P., Bao, Z.Y., Wang, S.M., et al., 1998. Progress on Study of Environmental Effects of Mine Solid Wastes and Environmental Effects of Tailiings of Tonglüshan Mine, Daye. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 17(2): 97-101(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-KCZL199803009.htm Xu, X.C., Wang, J., Li, Y., et al., 2003. The Distribution and Migration of Heavy Metal Elements of Linchong Tailings Reservoir in Tongling, Anhui Province, and Their Environment Effects. Acta Petrologica et Mineralogical, 22(4): 433-436 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-YSKW200304025.htm Xu, X.P., 2003. Research and Production Practices on Comprehensive Recovery from Tailings in Tonglüshan Mine. Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing), (3): 12-15(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-YSXK200303003.htm Ye, G.H., Tong, X., Lu, L., 2010. Progress and Propositions on Recovery of Valuable Metals from Tin Tailings. Metal Mine, (6): 9-13(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-JSKS201006005.htm Zhang, J.R., Wang, W.Z., Li, F.P., et al., 2002. Study on Comprehensive Utilization and Resource Utilization of Mine Tailings. Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing (in Chinese). Zhou, T.F., Zhang, X., Yuan, F., et al., 2004. Negative Effects of Exploiting Mineral Resources in Mining Cities in Anhui Province and the Prevention Tactics. Journal of Hefei University of Technology, 27(3): 225-228 (in Chinese with English abstract). Zhu, J.B., Chen, F.R., Lu, L., et al., 2005. Heavy Metal Geochemistry Behavior during the Oxidation of the Fankou Pb-Zn Mine Tailings in Guangdong Province and the Implications for Environmental Remediation of the Mines. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 25(3): 414-422 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.oalib.com/paper/1589583 陈天虎, 冯军会, 徐晓春, 2001. 国外尾矿酸性排水和重金属淋滤作用研究进展. 环境污染治理技术与设备, 2(2): 41-46. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJJZ200102006.htm 邓晓东, 李建威, 张伟, 等, 2012. 铜绿山Fe-Cu(Au)矽卡岩矿床花岗岩晶岩及其文象结构的成因: 来自钾长石40Ar/39Ar年龄、微量元素和石英中流体包裹体的证据. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 37(1): 77-92. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201201011.htm 洪汉烈, 杜登文, 李荣彪, 等, 2012. 安徽宣城红土剖面中粘土矿物过渡相及其意义. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 37(3): 424-432. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201203007.htm 黄康俊, 谢淑云, 鲍征宇, 等, 2008. 大冶铜绿山铜铁矿床尾矿砂中重金属与微量元素环境地球化学特征研究. 地球化学, 37(3): 213-222. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.2008.03.003 雷良奇, 罗远红, 宋慈安, 等, 2013, 桂北某矿区硫化物尾矿中金属符合污染评价预测. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 38(5): 1107-1115. 孙丽娜, 金成洙, 2002. 卧龙泉河流域水环境地球化学. 地球化学, 31(1): 97-103. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.2002.01.015 王彦博, 顾雪祥, 张宗保, 等, 2011. 湖北铜绿山矽卡岩型铜铁矿床同位素地球化学研究. 现代地质, 25(4): 730-740. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2011.04.014 王亚平, 1998. 大冶铜绿山铜铁矿尾矿环境效应的地球化学研究(博士毕业论文). 武汉: 中国地质大学. 王亚平, 鲍征宇, 王苏明, 1998. 矿山固体废物的环境效应研究进展及大冶铜绿山尾矿的环境效应. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 17(2): 97-101. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYDH802.005.htm 徐晓春, 王军, 李援, 等, 2003. 安徽铜陵林冲尾矿库重金属元素分布与迁移及其环境影响. 岩石矿物学杂志, 22(4): 433-436. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6524.2003.04.026 徐晓萍, 2003. 铜绿山矿尾矿综合利用的研究与生产实践. 有色金属(选矿部分), (3): 12-15. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-9492.2003.03.004 叶国华, 童雄, 路璐, 2010. 从锡尾矿中回收有价金属的进展及相关建议. 金属矿山, (6): 9-13. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSKS201006005.htm 张锦瑞, 王伟之, 李富平, 等, 2002. 金属矿山尾矿综合利用与资源化. 北京: 冶金工业出版社. 周涛发, 张鑫, 袁峰, 等, 2004. 矿山城市矿产资源利用的环境负效应及其防治. 合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 27(3): 225-228. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-5060.2004.03.001 朱继保, 陈繁荣, 卢龙, 等, 2005. 广东凡口Pb-Zn尾矿中重金属的表生地球化学行为及其对矿山环境修复的启示. 环境科学学报, 25(3): 414-422. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2468.2005.03.025 -
点击查看大图
图(1) / 表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 3753
- HTML全文浏览量: 451
- PDF下载量: 627
- 被引次数: 0
