Determination of Silurian-Devonian Arc-Basin Pattern in Western Junggar and Its Regional Tectonic Significance
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摘要: 新疆西准噶尔克拉玛依-额敏一带广泛出露古生代的物质建造，记录着古亚洲洋演化的重要信息.古生代期间特别是晚古生代期间经历了复杂的洋陆转换过程，残留了系列近东西向及北东向蛇绿构造混杂岩系以及古大陆边缘的增生体系，造就了研究区复杂的岩石地层系统.目前对西准噶尔志留系、泥盆系构造古地理属性及志留纪-泥盆纪构造格局的刻画并不够精细.通过详细地野外地质调查及室内数据综合分析，结合前人的研究资料，对西准噶尔克拉玛依-额敏一带志留系及泥盆系代表性的岩石地层的构造古地理属性进行了界定，并在此基础上，对研究区志留纪-泥盆纪的弧盆格局进行探讨.综合分析认为志留纪西准噶尔克拉玛依-额敏一带古亚洲洋开始强烈的俯冲消减，泥盆纪古亚洲洋进入全面俯冲拼贴的演化阶段，形成多块体拼贴增生的多岛弧盆格局.泥盆纪后古亚洲洋在研究区开始进入残余洋盆的演化阶段.Abstract: Paleozoic substance formations are widespread in Karamay-Emin area of western Junggar in Xinjiang, recording evolution information of Paleo-Asian Ocean. During Paleozoic, and especially the Late Paleozoic, this region has experienced a complex ocean-land transition process. Thus, a series of ophiolitic mélanges with nearly east-west and northeastern trends, and subduction-accretionary complexes of the ancient continental margin have been developed, resulting in the complicated rock formation system in the study area. To better probe into the ancient geographical attributes and structural framework between Silurian and Devonian in western Junggar, we define the tectonic paleogeographic properties of Silurian and Devonian in Karamay-Emin area and discuss arc-basin tectonic framework from Silurian to Devonian in western Junggar based on geological survey and relevant data in this study. The authors suggest that Paleo-Asian Ocean in the Karamay-Emin area began intense subducting in Silurian and widely subduction-collage stage with archipelago arc-basin system in Devonian. Paleo-Asian Ocean along the Karamay-Emin area started its residual oceanic basin evolutionary stage after Devonian.
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Key words:
- western Junggar /
- Silurian /
- Devonian /
- arc-basin pattern /
- tectonic paleogeography /
- tectonic evolution
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图 1 研究区地质简图
①石奶闸蛇绿混杂岩；②克拉玛依蛇绿混杂岩；③达尔布特蛇绿混杂岩；④伊尼萨拉蛇绿混杂岩.a.研究区大地构造位置；b.研究区地质简图.S1-4x.谢米斯台组；S2s.沙尔布尔组；D1ml.马拉苏组；D1h.和布克赛尔组；D2k.库鲁木迪组；D2be.巴尔雷克组；D2s.萨吾尔山组；D3z.朱鲁木特组；D3tl.铁列克提组；D3C1t.塔尔巴哈台组；D3C1h.洪古勒楞组；C1h.黑山头组；C2P1jm.佳木河组
Fig. 1. The geological map of the study area
图 3 谢米斯台组火山岩构造判别
a.谢米斯台组玄武岩Th-Hf/3-Nb/16图解(据Wood, 1980)；IAT.岛弧拉斑玄武岩；CAB.岛弧钙碱性玄武岩；MORB.洋中脊玄武岩；WPAB.板内碱性玄武岩.b.谢米斯台组玄武岩Nb×2-Zr/4-Y图解(据Meschede, 1986)；A1+A2.板内碱性玄武岩；A2+C.板内拉斑玄武岩；B.P型MORB；D.N型MORB；C+D.火山弧玄武岩.c.谢米斯台组玄武岩Ti-Zr-Y图解(据Pearce, 1973).d.谢米斯台组酸性火山岩Hf-Rb/30-Ta×3图解
Fig. 3. The tectonic discrimination of the Xiemisitai Formation volcanic rock
图 4 马拉苏组碎屑岩碎屑锆石频率分布及协和图
Fig. 4. Detrital zircon concordia diagram and frequency distribution of the MaLaSu Formation clastic rock
图 5 马拉苏组碎屑锆石CL图像、测点位置及谐和年龄(部分)
Fig. 5. Detrital zircon CL image, measuring point and concordia age of the Malasu Formation
图 6 库鲁木迪组及巴尔雷克组凝灰岩分类
a.K2O-SiO2关系(实线据Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976；虚线据Middlemost, 1985)；b.TAS分类(Le Bas et al., 1986; Le Maitre et al., 1989)；F.副长石岩；Pc.苦橄玄武岩；B.玄武岩；O1.玄武安山岩；O2.安山岩；O3.英安岩；S1.粗面玄武岩；S2.玄武质粗面安山岩；S3.粗面安山岩；T.粗面岩及粗面英安岩；R.流纹岩；U1.碱玄岩及碧玄岩；U2.响岩质碱玄岩；U3.碱玄质响岩；Ph.响岩
Fig. 6. The classification of the Kulumudi Formation and Baerleike Formation tuff
图 7 玄武岩Th-Hf-Ta判别
据Wood(1980).A.N-MORB；B.E-MORB和板内拉板玄武岩；C.板内碱性玄武岩；D.岛弧钙碱性玄武岩；E.岛弧拉斑玄武岩
Fig. 7. The Th-Hf-Ta discrimination of basalt
图 8 研究区奥陶纪-志留纪构造古地理
Fig. 8. The tectonic paleogeographic map of the study area in the Ordovician-Silurian
图 9 研究区早-中泥盆世构造古地理
Fig. 9. The tectonic paleogeographic map of the study area in the Early-Middle Devonian
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