新疆额敏东部志留纪化石的发现及其地质意义

纵瑞文; 龚一鸣; 韩非

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2015.044

新疆额敏东部志留纪化石的发现及其地质意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.044

纵瑞文^1,,
龚一鸣^1, ,,
韩非²

1.
中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 北京 100029

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目"西准噶尔克拉玛依后山地区三维地质调查试点" 1212011220245

新疆1∶25万铁厂沟镇幅(L45C002001)与克拉玛依市幅(L45C003001)区调修测项目 1212011120502

国家自然科学基金项目 41290260

高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目 20120145110012

详细信息

作者简介:
纵瑞文(1988-), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事西准噶尔古生物学与地层学研究.E-mail: zong_1658@126.com

通讯作者:
龚一鸣, E-mail: ymgong@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P535
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-04-04
- 刊出日期: 2015-03-15

Discovery of Silurian Fossils and Its Geological Significance in Eastern Emin, Xinjiang of NW China

Zong Ruiwen^1
,,
Gong Yiming^{1
, ,},
Han Fei²

1.
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 在额敏东部原划为晚泥盆世塔尔巴哈台组的火山碎屑岩夹碳酸盐岩地层中发现了丰富的志留纪文洛克世动物化石, 包括珊瑚Halysites hoboksarensis、H. sp.、Mesofavosites sp., 腕足动物Atrypa sp.、Eospirifer radiatus, 三叶虫Encrinuroides sp.、Encrinurus sp.1、E. sp.2、Cheirurus sp.、Sthenarocalymene sp., 短剑类Lepidocoleus sp.和层孔虫等, 通过区域岩性组合对比, 将该套地层改划为文洛克统沙尔布尔组.珊瑚和层孔虫等对环境要求较高的生物化石的发现, 同时结合地层中风暴沉积的粒序层理、包卷层理及火焰构造等相标志, 说明了额敏东部在文洛克世为火山碎屑质的开阔台地相沉积环境, 处于热带、亚热带气候区.
- 沙尔布尔组 /
- 塔尔巴哈台组 /
- 链珊瑚 /
- 志留纪 /
- 额敏 /
- 新疆 /
- 古环境 /
- 古生物学
Abstract: Abundant Wenlock animal fossils are found in the succession of the volcanoclastic rocks intercalated with limestones which were considered as the Late Devonian Ta'erbahatai Formation, including corals Halysites hoboksarensis, H. sp., Mesofavosites sp., brachiopods Atrypa sp., Eospirifer radiates, trilobites Encrinuroides sp., Encrinurus sp.1, E. sp.2, Cheirurus sp., Sthenarocalymene sp., Machaeridia Lepidocoleus sp., stromatoporoids and so on. Based on lithological association and stratal correlation, the succession is re-assigned to the Wenlock Shaerbuer Formation, where abundant facies indicators were discovered. Main facies indicators include reefoid corals and stromatoporoids, graded bedding, convolute bedding, flame structure and storm deposits. It is concluded that the Wenlock Shaerbuer Formation was formed in the open platform environment with volcanic activities in tropical and subtropical zones.
- Shaerbuer Formation /
- Ta'erbahatai Formation /
- Halysites /
- Silurian /
- Emin /
- Xinjiang /
- palaeoenvironment /
- palaeontology

HTML全文

图 1 西准噶尔地质简图(a)与研究区位置图(b)

图a据纵瑞文等(2015)修改

Fig. 1. Geological map of western Junggar (a) and location of the study area (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 额敏东部阿克布拉克文洛克统沙尔布尔组实测地层剖面

Fig. 2. Measured stratigraphic section of the Wenlock Shaerbuer Formation in Akebulake, eastern Emin, Xinjiang

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 额敏东部文洛克统沙尔布尔组海相动物化石

a.Halysites hoboksarensis，标本号：TP27-3-SH1；b.Mesofavosites sp.，标本号：TP27-3-SH2；c.块状层孔虫，标本号：TP27-3-C1；d.Halysites sp.，标本号：TP27-3-SH3；e.Labechiida目层孔虫，标本号：TP27-3-C2；f.Eospirifer radiatus，标本号：TP27-3-W1；g.Atrypa sp.，标本号：TP27-3-W2；h.Encrinuroides sp.，尾甲，标本号：TP27-3-S1；i.Sthenarocalymene sp.，尾甲，标本号：TP27-3-S2；j.Cheirurus sp.，不完整头甲，标本号：TP27-3-S3；k~l.Encrinuridae科；k.尾甲外模，标本号：TP27-3-S4；l.硅胶模型；m~n.Sthenarocalymene sp.，m为不完整头盖外模，标本号：TP27-3-S5；n.硅胶模型；o~p.Encrinurus sp.1；o.不完整尾甲外模，标本号：TP27-3-S6；p.硅胶模型；q.Encrinurus sp.2，尾甲外模，标本号：TP27-3-S7；r~s.Lepidocoleus sp.，6枚分散的骨片；s.r的素描图，标本号：TP27-3-D1.所有标本保存在中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院

Fig. 3. Marine animal fossils from the Wenlock Shaerbuer Formation in eastern Emin, Xinjiang

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 西准噶尔地区阿克布拉克剖面与芒克鲁Ⅰ号剖面文洛克统沙尔布尔组地层对比

芒克鲁Ⅰ号剖面资料据王宝瑜(1997)

Fig. 4. Stratigraphic correlation of the Wenlock Shaerbuer Formation between the Akebulake and Mangkelu No.1 sections in western Junggar

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 额敏东部文洛克统沙尔布尔组风暴沉积特征与造礁生物

a.由火山碎屑(事件层)和造礁生物(背景层)组成的风暴沉积序列；b.包卷层理；c.粒序层理及火焰状构造；d.链珊瑚标本；e~f.层孔虫标本，f为e的局部放大

Fig. 5. Storm deposits and reef-building organisms from the Wenlock Shaerbuer Formation in eastern Emin, Xinjiang

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 额敏东部阿克布拉克文洛克统沙尔布尔组实测地层剖面

Table 1. Measured stratigraphic section of the Wenlock Shaerbuer Formation in Akebulake, eastern Emin, Xinjiang

上覆地层：兰多维列统-普里道利统谢米斯台组(S_1-4x)
=================断层=================
文洛克统沙尔布尔组(S₂s)	总厚度739.1 m
9.灰-深灰色凝灰质中细粒长石砂岩，岩石较破碎.	12.5 m
8.灰-灰绿色厚层状绿帘石化中粗粒岩屑晶屑沉凝灰岩，局部含少量砾石(2~5 mm，棱角-次棱角状).	18.8 m
7.灰绿色凝灰质砾岩、绿帘石化凝灰质含砾中粗粒长石砂岩，砾石呈棱角-圆状，分选较差，多在1~10 cm之间，成分较复杂，以火山岩为主.	209.4 m
6.灰-灰绿色凝灰质中粗粒长石砂岩，局部含少量细砾(2~10 mm，棱角-次棱角状).	110.4 m
5.灰绿色中-厚层粉-细粒沉凝灰岩与凝灰质粉砂岩互层，纹层较发育.	164.6 m
4.灰绿色中-厚层中细粒晶屑沉凝灰岩，夹火山灰凝灰岩条带，含珊瑚、腕足动物化石碎片.	161.0 m
3.灰-深灰色薄-中层状钙质凝灰质粉砂岩、凝灰质灰岩，夹少量的灰绿色钙质沉凝灰岩，含丰富的腕足动物Atrypa sp.、Eospirifer radiatus，三叶虫Encrinuroides sp.、Encrinurus sp.1、E. sp.2、Cheirurus sp.、Sthenarocalymene sp.，珊瑚Halysites hoboksarensis、H. sp.、Mesofavosites sp.及层孔虫等化石.	11.9 m
2.浅灰绿-灰绿色中-厚层状细-极细粒沉凝灰岩、钙质沉凝灰岩，夹钙质砂岩透镜体及较多的灰岩团块或薄层，条带构造发育，含丰富的珊瑚Halysites hoboksarensis、H. sp.、Mesofavosites sp.及层孔虫化石.	44.9 m
1.灰绿色凝灰质砾岩，砾石分选磨圆较差，呈棱状-圆状，大小0.5~10.0 cm，成分以火山岩为主.	5.6 m
未见底

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