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    西准噶尔晚古生代中基性岩墙群岩石学成因及地质意义

    贺新星 肖龙 王国灿 高睿 杨钢 鄢圣武

    贺新星, 肖龙, 王国灿, 高睿, 杨钢, 鄢圣武, 2015. 西准噶尔晚古生代中基性岩墙群岩石学成因及地质意义. 地球科学, 40(5): 777-796. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.064
    引用本文: 贺新星, 肖龙, 王国灿, 高睿, 杨钢, 鄢圣武, 2015. 西准噶尔晚古生代中基性岩墙群岩石学成因及地质意义. 地球科学, 40(5): 777-796. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.064
    He Xinxing, Xiao Long, Wang Guocan, Gao Rui, Yang Gang, Yan Shengwu, 2015. Petrogenesis and Geological Implications of Late Paleozoic Intermediate-Basic Dyke Swarms in Western Junggar. Earth Science, 40(5): 777-796. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.064
    Citation: He Xinxing, Xiao Long, Wang Guocan, Gao Rui, Yang Gang, Yan Shengwu, 2015. Petrogenesis and Geological Implications of Late Paleozoic Intermediate-Basic Dyke Swarms in Western Junggar. Earth Science, 40(5): 777-796. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.064

    西准噶尔晚古生代中基性岩墙群岩石学成因及地质意义

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.064
    基金项目: 

    新疆1∶25万铁厂沟镇幅(L45C002001)与克拉玛依市幅(L45C003001)区调修测项目 1212011120502

    西准噶尔克拉玛依后山地区三维地质调查试点项目 1212011220245

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      贺新星(1987-),男,助理工程师,主要从事区域地质矿产调查.E-mail:hxx_king01@163.com

      通讯作者:

      肖龙,E-mail:Longxiao@cug.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P581

    Petrogenesis and Geological Implications of Late Paleozoic Intermediate-Basic Dyke Swarms in Western Junggar

    • 摘要: 中基性岩墙群的形成及产出对研究区域大地构造背景和岩浆演化过程具有重要的地质意义.对西准噶尔地区的夏尔蒲中基性岩墙群和小西湖中基性岩墙群中样品(共18件)进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和同位素地球化学等方面的研究.结果显示,夏尔蒲和小西湖岩墙群岩石类型以闪长玢岩为主,含少量辉绿岩.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学表明夏尔蒲岩墙群的侵位年龄为308.6±5.5 Ma.岩石均具有高Mg#(>40)、MgO(>3%)、Al2O3(>16%);全岩A/CNK值多在0.9左右,A/NK>2,属准铝质岩石;岩石整体属钙碱性玄武岩/安山岩系列.岩石具有较低的稀土总量(多在40×10-6~60×10-6),具轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损及Eu正异常等特征((La/Yb)N为3.03~11.32,δEu=1.00~1.20);明显富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Ba、Sr,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、Th,呈现了俯冲消减带岩石的地球化学特征.同时,岩石具有较高的Sr(均大于500 ×10-6)、较低的Y(大多小于10×10-6)和Yb(多在1×10-6左右)含量,较高的Sr/Y比值(36~95),大多数样品具有富镁埃达克质岩石的组成特征.岩石具有亏损的Sr-Nd同位素组成((87Sr/86Sr)i=0.703 58~0.703 80,εNd(t)=5.76~6.34).元素及同位素地球化学资料表明岩浆源区中既有亏损地幔组分的参与,又有俯冲消减作用的印迹.结合区域地质特征及前人研究成果,结果表明晚石炭世时西准噶尔地区已进入后碰撞阶段.由于俯冲残留大洋板片部分熔融,产生的熔体在与亏损地幔一定程度相互作用后,经单斜辉石的分离结晶而形成了夏尔蒲和小西湖岩墙群中富镁埃达克质岩石;而来源于亏损地幔的岩浆同样经单斜辉石的分离结晶后,形成了夏尔蒲岩墙群中的辉绿岩和小西湖岩墙群中的角闪闪长玢岩.大规模中基性岩墙群的产出则进一步表明晚石炭世时西准噶尔地区处于后碰撞的伸展拉张构造背景之下.

       

    • 图  1  中亚造山带大地构造纲要图(a),西准噶尔地区地质简图(b)及夏尔蒲和小西湖岩墙群地质简图(c)

      图a, b改自Chen et al.(2010)

      Fig.  1.  Tectonic sketch of Central Asian orogenic belt (a), simplified geological sketch of western Junggar (b) and geological sketch of Xiaerpu and Xiaoxihu intermediate-basic dyke swarms (c)

      图  2  中基性岩墙典型显微照片

      a.辉绿岩;b~d.闪长玢岩;Pl.斜长石;Amp.角闪石;Cpx.单斜辉石;Ep.绿帘石;Chl.绿泥石

      Fig.  2.  Microphotographs of the intermediate-basic dykes

      图  3  XEP04锆石CL图像

      圆圈为U-Pb年龄分析点,蓝色圆圈代表所选结晶年龄

      Fig.  3.  CL images of zircons from XEP04

      图  4  XEP04锆石U-Pb谐和图(a)及加权平均年龄(b)

      Fig.  4.  Zircon U-Pb concordia data (a) and weighted average age (b) for XEP04

      图  5  Zr/TiO2-Nb/Y图解(a)和AFM图解(b)

      图a据Winchester and Floyd(1977);图b据Irvine and Baragar(1971)

      Fig.  5.  Zr/TiO2-Nb/Y relationship (a) and AFM relationships (b)

      图  6  岩墙哈克图解

      Fig.  6.  Hark relationships of geochemistry for dykes

      图  7  夏尔蒲岩墙群球粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式(a),小西湖岩墙群球粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式(b),夏尔蒲岩墙群原始地幔标准化蛛网图(c)和小西湖岩墙群原始地幔标准化蛛网图(d)

      球粒陨石及原始地幔标准化数据来自Sun and Mcdonough(1989)

      Fig.  7.  Chondrite-normalized REE abundances in the Xiaerpu dyke swarm (a), Chondrite-normalized REE abundances in the Xiaoxihu dyke swarm (b), Primitive mantle-normalized trace element abundances in the Xiaerpu dyke swarm (c) and Primitive mantle-normalized trace element abundances in the Xiaoxihu dyke swarm (d)

      图  8  εNd(t)-(87Sr/86Sr)i图解(a)和Nd同位素演化趋势(b)

      早-中元古代地壳数据来自于Hu et al.(2000),北疆早-中古生代地壳数据引自Chen and Arakawa(2005)

      Fig.  8.  Initial Sr isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sr)i-εNd(t) relationship (a) and Nd isotopic evolution (b) of the intermediate-basic dykes and hosted granites in West Junggar

      图  9  Nb-Nb/Ta图解(a)和Nb-Nb/La图解(b)

      Rudnick et al.(2000)

      Fig.  9.  Relationships of Nb-Nb/Ta (a) and Nb-Nb/La (b)

      图  10  Mg#-(87Sr/86Sr)i图解(a),SiO2-(87Sr/86Sr)i图解(b)和Mg#-Nb/La图解(c)

      图c据He et al.(2010)

      Fig.  10.  Relationships of Mg#-(87Sr/86Sr)i (a), SiO2-(87Sr/86Sr)i (b) and Mg#-Nb/La (c)

      图  11  埃达克质岩成因图解

      俯冲洋壳的数据来自Defant and Drummond(1990), Drummond et al.(1996)Aguillon-Robles et al.(2001)资料;拆沉下地壳的数据来自Xu et al.(2002)Wang et al.(2006)资料;加厚下地壳的数据来源于Petford and Atherton(1996)Wang et al.(2006)资料;西藏埃达克质岩数据来源于Chung et al.(2003)Hou et al.(2004)Wang et al.(2005)资料;安第斯火山岩带数据来自Stern and Kilian(1996)

      Fig.  11.  Geochemical data for adakitic rocks from different petrogenesis

      图  12  K-Rb图解(a)和Sr/Y-Y图解(b)

      Martin et al.(2005)

      Fig.  12.  Relationships of K-Rb (a) and Sr/Y-Y (b)

      表  1  XEP04锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果

      Table  1.   Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating result for XEP04

      分析点号 232Th
      (10-6)
      238U
      (10-6)
      Th/U 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U
      比值 1σ 比值 1σ 年龄(Ma) 1σ 年龄(Ma) 1σ
      XEP04-01 71.25 115.46 0.62 0.421 73 0.036 46 0.052 41 0.000 68 357 26 329 4
      XEP04-02 43.32 48.10 0.90 0.395 28 0.020 05 0.052 70 0.000 80 338 15 331 5
      XEP04-03 1 352.92 2 171.99 0.62 0.412 61 0.005 97 0.055 48 0.000 32 351 4 348 2
      XEP04-04* 183.93 234.67 0.78 0.330 98 0.037 63 0.047 34 0.000 78 290 29 298 5
      XEP04-05 23.19 37.86 0.61 0.427 74 0.041 98 0.051 26 0.001 12 362 30 322 7
      XEP04-06 41.44 88.56 0.47 0.407 52 0.027 57 0.051 32 0.000 78 347 20 323 5
      XEP04-07* 47.25 59.84 0.79 0.368 99 0.032 75 0.050 44 0.001 12 319 24 317 7
      XEP04-08* 94.45 137.27 0.69 0.368 19 0.015 24 0.049 00 0.000 67 318 11 308 4
      XEP04-09* 141.60 517.26 0.27 0.370 90 0.009 36 0.050 14 0.000 61 320 7 315 4
      XEP04-10* 32.92 69.10 0.48 0.390 98 0.029 49 0.047 82 0.000 95 335 22 301 6
      XEP04-11* 32.23 50.68 0.64 0.375 10 0.026 61 0.048 43 0.001 00 323 20 305 6
      XEP04-12* 241.33 668.75 0.36 0.374 16 0.007 10 0.050 78 0.000 75 323 5 319 5
      XEP04-13* 45.75 59.25 0.77 0.379 82 0.016 23 0.049 45 0.000 62 327 12 311 4
      XEP04-14 212.03 226.43 0.94 0.518 31 0.019 17 0.052 25 0.001 06 424 13 328 6
      XEP04-15* 106.12 173.01 0.61 0.363 19 0.039 22 0.046 86 0.001 02 315 29 295 6
      XEP04-16* 128.94 244.85 0.53 0.379 18 0.033 44 0.049 46 0.001 49 326 25 311 9
      XEP04-17 71.87 100.11 0.72 0.655 23 0.358 96 0.050 84 0.003 47 512 220 320 21
      XEP04-18 89.00 180.09 0.49 0.400 68 0.063 60 0.063 11 0.001 08 342 46 395 7
      XEP04-19 54.85 651.35 0.08 0.355 96 0.061 59 0.056 07 0.001 33 309 46 352 8
      XEP04-20 186.18 187.84 0.99 0.452 47 0.067 03 0.071 27 0.001 43 379 47 444 9
      注:*所选取的代表岩墙结晶年龄的锆石U-Pb年龄.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  夏尔蒲和小西湖岩墙群地球化学分析结果

      Table  2.   Chemical analysis for Xiaerpu and Xiaoxihu intermediate-basic dyke swarms

      样品 闪长(玢)岩 辉绿岩 闪长(玢)岩 辉绿岩 闪长(玢)岩
      XXH01 XXH02 XXH03 XXH04 XXH05 XXH06 XXH07 XXH08 XXH09 XXH10 XEP01 XEP02 XEP03 XEP04 XEP05 XEP06 XEP07 XEP08
      SiO2 60.49 58.10 57.32 57.50 55.34 52.82 55.67 53.64 57.02 61.99 50.87 49.24 57.75 58.86 57.80 56.71 58.72 57.85
      TiO2 0.63 0.58 0.64 0.61 0.82 0.91 0.73 0.96 0.73 0.52 0.84 1.42 0.75 0.61 0.60 0.76 0.56 0.64
      Al2O3 16.86 16.55 17.07 17.26 16.85 16.25 17.57 15.66 16.60 17.39 16.29 16.83 16.16 17.05 16.91 17.38 17.21 18.51
      Fe2O3 1.98 0.64 1.90 1.56 2.07 2.74 1.95 2.02 2.40 1.72 5.61 2.76 2.63 1.38 1.14 1.27 0.92 2.35
      FeO 3.10 4.10 3.80 4.22 4.18 4.72 4.32 4.35 3.67 2.38 1.82 6.70 3.87 3.77 4.18 4.55 4.18 3.47
      MnO 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.07 0.18 0.16 0.11 0.11 0.15 0.11 0.12 0.09
      MgO 2.90 3.92 3.50 3.90 4.21 6.64 3.76 5.27 4.41 1.95 4.99 6.17 5.47 4.05 4.04 4.43 3.84 3.33
      CaO 5.66 5.31 4.95 7.40 6.12 8.00 5.48 6.22 6.50 4.87 7.30 7.59 6.05 6.45 6.17 6.49 6.17 6.41
      Na2O 3.91 4.15 4.16 3.29 3.89 3.18 3.85 3.73 3.68 3.90 3.37 3.65 3.67 4.12 3.54 3.91 3.66 4.22
      K2O 0.83 1.03 2.03 0.47 2.13 0.83 2.17 1.42 1.36 2.78 1.19 1.43 0.55 1.12 2.12 1.41 1.34 0.83
      P2O5 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.11 0.17 0.21 0.14 0.22 0.17 0.12 0.31 0.23 0.13 0.14 0.11 0.16 0.10 0.14
      H2O+ 1.93 2.91 2.74 2.23 2.34 3.29 2.97 3.28 2.64 2.03 3.69 3.10 2.39 1.68 2.04 2.22 2.16 1.82
      CO2 1.25 2.31 1.45 1.15 1.55 0.10 1.05 2.91 0.50 0.04 3.31 0.50 0.28 0.45 1.00 0.40 0.80 0.12
      Total 99.77 99.80 99.77 99.79 99.76 99.80 99.75 99.78 99.78 99.76 99.77 99.78 99.81 99.79 99.80 99.80 99.78 99.78
      FeOT 4.88 4.68 5.51 5.62 6.04 7.19 6.07 6.17 5.83 3.93 6.87 9.18 6.24 5.01 5.21 5.69 5.01 5.58
      Alk 4.74 5.18 6.19 3.76 6.02 4.01 6.02 5.15 5.04 6.68 4.56 5.08 4.22 5.24 5.66 5.32 5.00 5.05
      Mg# 52 60 53 56 56 62 53 61 58 47 57 55 61 59 58 58 58 52
      A/CNK 0.96 0.94 0.95 0.89 0.85 0.78 0.94 0.82 0.86 0.95 0.81 0.79 0.92 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.92 0.95
      A/NK 2.30 2.08 1.89 2.91 1.93 2.65 2.02 2.04 2.20 1.84 2.38 2.23 2.44 2.13 2.08 2.18 2.30 2.36
      La 6.08 5.47 5.83 6.21 7.95 13.4 5.40 8.70 8.01 13.8 22.9 8.21 5.64 5.58 6.85 5.89 6.11 5.27
      Ce 13.75 12.74 13.33 13.43 18.14 29.90 12.58 19.88 18.39 30.89 51.98 20.18 13.22 12.59 15.21 17.36 13.27 12.31
      Pr 1.93 1.83 1.85 1.81 2.61 4.07 1.86 2.74 2.53 3.09 7.15 2.96 1.88 1.91 1.95 1.96 1.73 1.76
      Nd 8.38 7.79 8.17 7.61 11.50 17.60 8.42 11.9 10.9 12.1 31.4 13.6 8.67 9.32 8.13 8.60 7.23 7.77
      Sm 2.04 1.97 2.11 1.87 2.61 3.90 2.12 2.85 2.58 2.32 6.56 3.51 2.51 1.98 1.98 2.10 1.77 1.95
      Eu 0.68 0.66 0.73 0.65 0.87 1.22 0.79 0.98 0.87 0.83 1.93 1.30 0.85 0.71 0.69 0.79 0.61 0.71
      Gd 1.70 1.58 1.92 1.68 2.41 3.19 1.86 2.71 2.25 1.97 4.90 3.63 2.54 1.76 1.70 1.84 1.50 1.75
      Tb 0.26 0.25 0.28 0.27 0.37 0.47 0.30 0.40 0.34 0.31 0.60 0.60 0.41 0.28 0.27 0.31 0.24 0.25
      Dy 1.56 1.31 1.68 1.58 2.20 2.57 1.74 2.31 2.04 1.72 3.04 3.79 2.34 1.61 1.56 1.67 1.41 1.51
      Ho 0.31 0.27 0.33 0.31 0.44 0.46 0.34 0.44 0.41 0.33 0.51 0.75 0.44 0.30 0.32 0.33 0.29 0.28
      Er 0.82 0.73 0.90 0.88 1.16 1.34 0.96 1.20 1.13 0.95 1.38 2.15 1.23 0.94 0.88 0.92 0.78 0.73
      Tm 0.11 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.17 0.18 0.14 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.19 0.30 0.18 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.11
      Yb 0.79 0.69 0.80 0.80 1.06 1.08 0.83 1.06 1.04 0.90 1.16 1.95 1.03 0.82 0.76 0.81 0.72 0.63
      Lu 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.12 0.17 0.18 0.12 0.16 0.16 0.13 0.17 0.28 0.17 0.13 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.10
      Y 8.12 7.31 8.86 8.05 10.70 12.60 9.18 11.50 10.70 9.09 13.50 19.60 11.90 8.50 8.62 8.51 7.86 7.39
      δEu 1.09 1.11 1.08 1.09 1.04 1.03 1.18 1.06 1.08 1.15 4.78 1.50 1.62 2.22 2.42 2.51 2.36 2.34
      (La/Sm)N 1.92 1.79 1.78 2.14 1.97 2.22 1.64 1.97 2.00 3.85 2.25 1.51 1.45 1.82 2.23 1.81 2.22 1.74
      (La/Yb)N 5.25 5.48 4.77 5.64 5.10 8.19 4.78 5.75 5.24 11.32 14.09 3.03 3.91 4.87 6.50 5.24 6.06 6.02
      Zr 52.49 61.02 51.92 50.48 65.21 85.86 54.38 88.86 75.62 100.90 84.35 105.90 55.91 55.99 47.21 53.05 47.28 48.30
      Nb 1.16 1.48 1.11 1.48 1.98 2.63 1.16 3.53 2.02 2.06 2.13 2.58 1.59 1.08 1.61 1.61 1.49 1.08
      Ba 452.10 292.90 596.20 270.90 625.60 325.40 859.30 442.60 443.30 932.00 323.90 370.10 255.30 346.70 380.10 306.60 347.10 411.30
      Hf 1.86 1.93 1.69 1.77 2.11 2.57 1.79 2.51 2.27 3.21 2.52 2.89 2.04 1.88 1.53 1.67 1.62 1.65
      Ta 0.09 0.19 0.09 0.21 0.20 0.15 0.09 0.17 0.14 0.22 0.17 0.21 0.12 0.69 0.14 0.13 0.11 0.06
      Li 37.54 30.77 30.31 19.86 17.81 23.93 27.19 27.21 40.39 23.26 37.20 21.63 18.79 14.48 23.13 17.05 16.50 17.41
      Sc 14.47 15.64 17.02 19.19 18.88 24.69 17.28 17.65 17.31 10.91 20.82 25.98 18.19 17.01 18.00 18.42 17.25 13.42
      Cr 19.41 107.50 22.93 48.75 61.59 344.70 28.61 179.20 107.00 10.76 88.21 134.40 210.20 55.04 55.86 114.70 53.59 13.41
      Co 20.20 21.82 24.18 26.11 26.61 40.18 26.20 31.76 26.25 12.50 29.30 40.61 27.71 22.72 24.21 26.68 21.45 22.43
      Ni 30.52 73.61 37.83 57.41 51.16 152.20 36.50 109.20 81.27 12.36 76.19 105.60 101.20 57.05 57.40 72.31 58.55 33.07
      Rb 15.35 20.76 39.20 13.35 40.52 17.94 61.88 37.09 39.73 82.60 45.36 43.70 12.68 36.15 65.07 39.26 41.50 12.93
      Cs 0.86 0.54 1.05 0.80 0.84 0.39 1.53 1.26 1.54 1.93 1.13 1.90 0.91 1.28 3.28 1.15 1.02 1.24
      Pb 15.17 7.16 10.06 8.24 12.55 7.84 8.70 10.90 9.85 11.29 7.34 6.78 6.99 5.88 4.73 2.79 5.61 4.09
      Th 1.36 0.81 1.68 1.95 1.06 2.31 0.92 1.40 1.41 4.63 3.19 1.78 1.27 1.45 1.78 1.43 1.61 0.90
      U 0.75 0.49 0.69 0.78 0.51 0.95 1.00 0.56 0.66 1.86 0.89 0.57 0.38 0.55 0.86 0.34 0.77 0.44
      Sr 777.60 621.50 644.50 593.40 721.60 592.20 664.40 631.80 708.20 519.40 790.50 726.30 521.90 745.60 533.70 651.50 603.80 676.10
      V 131.40 125.40 151.50 150.60 168.80 168.80 158.80 144.70 143.70 93.81 171.40 208.30 132.80 140.80 150.50 149.20 143.30 136.30
      Sr/Y 95.74 85.06 72.72 73.70 67.57 46.93 72.41 55.18 66.50 57.16 58.43 36.98 44.04 87.74 61.89 76.54 76.87 91.46
      Nb/Ta 13.44 8.02 13.07 6.98 10.02 17.10 13.60 20.99 14.04 9.21 12.93 12.28 12.85 1.56 11.49 12.89 13.81 18.00
      Zr/Hf 28.25 31.60 30.67 28.46 30.92 33.41 30.41 35.40 33.34 31.45 33.54 36.69 27.45 29.81 30.92 31.86 29.19 29.25
      注:主量元素单位:%;微量元素单位:10-6;稀土元素单位:10-6.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  岩墙全岩Sr-Nd同位素组成

      Table  3.   Whole-rock Sr-Nd isotope compositions for intermediate-basic dykes

      样号 XEP01 XEP03 XXH06
      87Rb/86Sr 0.166 0 0.070 3 0.087 6
      87Sr/86Sr 0.704 525 0.704 101 0.703 966
      147Sm/144Nd 0.126 3 0.175 1 0.134 3
      143Nd/144Nd 0.512 791 0.512 896 0.512 837
      εSr(t) -4.90 -4.96 -7.96
      (87Sr/86Sr)i 0.703 80 0.703 79 0.703 58
      εNd(0) 2.98 5.03 3.88
      εNd(t) 5.76 5.89 6.34
      (143Nd/144Nd)i 0.512 536 0.512 543 0.512 566
      fSm/Nd -0.36 -0.11 -0.32
      TDM(Ga) 0.63 1.00 0.60
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