ASTER Image Alteration Minerals Information Extraction Based on Different Lithology Backgrounds
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摘要: 为了减少由于不同岩性的反射率值差异而造成提取到错误的蚀变信息, 采用先进星载热发射和反射辐射仪(advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer, ASTER)数据, 以内蒙古昌特敖包地区为研究区, 先开展岩性分区, 再利用主成分分析和阈值分割的方法提取矿化蚀变信息, 并进行了方法对比与野外验证工作.褐铁矿化蚀变信息验证点共12个, 不分区直接提取的信息有6个与验证点吻合, 分区后提取的信息有8个点与验证点吻合; 绿泥石化蚀变信息验证点共5个, 不分区直接提取的信息有2个与验证点吻合, 分区后提取的信息有4个点与验证点吻合.研究结果表明, 针对不同岩性存在的反射率差异, 造成高背景值地区提取出较多的非矿致异常信息, 而低背景值地区弱信息被噪声淹没的现象, 该方法能够减少不同岩性产生的反射率差异.Abstract: In order to reduce the incorrect alteration information extraction caused by the different reflectance values in the different lithologies, this paper explores alteration minerals information extraction by using ASTER (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) data, and taking Mongolia Changte'aobao region of Inner Mongolia as the study area. The alteration information has been extracted by segmenting the different lithologies firstly, and conducting the principal component analysis and threshold segmentation methods. It is found that there are 12 limonitization information verification points, of which 6 points match the information extracted directly without segmenting and 8 points match after segmenting; In addition, there are 5 Chloritization information verification points, of which 2 match directly and 4 after segmenting respectively. The results show that the reflectivity of different lithologies is different, resulting in extracting extra information in the high value background region and weak information submerged by noise in the area of low background values, and this method can effectively reduce the reflectance differences in different lithologies.
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图 2 研究区地质简图
1.断裂；2.肉红色中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩；3.灰白色花岗闪长岩；4.泥鳅河租二段：浅海相碎屑岩夹灰岩组合；5.宝力高庙组二段：灰-灰褐色安山岩、熔结凝灰岩、晶屑凝灰岩等；6.红色粘土和黄色砂砾岩；7.洪冲积层：粗砂和砾石层组成；8.长石砂岩、板岩、砾岩和硬砂岩；9.白音高老组: 流纹质岩屑晶屑凝灰岩、流纹岩、流纹斑岩、流纹质熔结凝灰岩等酸性火山岩；10.肉红色斑状中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩；11.玛尼图组：安山岩、石英粗安岩、鞍山玢岩和安山质角砾岩
Fig. 2. Geological sketch of the study area
图 3 岩性分区前后提取蚀变信息对比
a.岩性分区前；b.岩性分区后；c.岩性分区前；d.岩性分区后
Fig. 3. The alteration information distribution before and after region segmented and verification points
表 1 ASTER1、2、3和4主成分分析特征向量
Table 1. The feature vectors table of principal component analysis of ASTER1, 2, 3 and 4
主成分 Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 PC1 -0.374 86 -0.508 64 -0.559 00 -0.536 92 PC2 0.041 90 0.091 78 -0.744 98 0.659 41 PC3 0.521 06 0.567 93 -0.363 74 -0.523 11 PC4 -0.765 65 0.640 56 -0.014 63 -0.057 04 
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表 2 ASTER1、2、3、4、8和9主成分分析特征向量
Table 2. The feature vectors table of principal component analysis of ASTER1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 9
主成分 Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Band8 Band9 PC1 0.28 0.47 0.54 0.63 -0.44 -0.46 PC2 0.39 0.61 0.04 -0.68 0.38 0.46 PC3 0.49 0.12 -0.79 0.35 -0.32 -0.36 PC4 0.72 -0.61 0.30 -0.13 0.30 -0.35 PC5 -0.16 -0.29 0.51 -0.04 -0.62 0.50 PC6 0.42 -0.74 0.34 -0.03 0.30 -0.27
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