Seism-Tectonic Background, Deep Rheological Structure and Triggering Mechanism of Diqing Earthquake (Ms 5.9), Yunnan
-
摘要: 2013年8月31日8时4分, 云南省迪庆藏族自治州香格里拉县(28.12°N, 99.4°E)发生5.9级地震, 震源深度10 km.区域范围内历史地震频繁, 为滇西北地震多发区.据震源机制解结果, 此次地震为正断兼左旋走滑型地震, NW向截面产状与德钦-香格里拉-中甸断裂基本吻合.利用EIGEN-6C2模型对震中附近进行布格重力异常探讨, 震源位置位于莫霍面起伏部位, 下部地壳厚度不稳定之处; 而从P波速度与地壳结构剖面可知研究区上地壳底部存在低速层, 认为韧性低速层与地震能量的积聚和存储关系密切.而韧性低速(高导)层与德钦-中甸断裂交接部位, 是流变界面能量释放的位置, 即本次地震的震源位置.这为板内地震3层次构造模式提供了一个新的案例.Abstract: At 08∶04 of August 31st, 2013, an earthquake with a magnitude of Ms 5.9 occurred in Shangrila county of Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province (28.1°N, 99.4°E). The depth of the hypocenter is 10 km. The study area is seismically active in history and prone to earthquake in northwestern Yunnan. Then the focal mechanism solutions show that the Diqing Ms 5.9 earthquake is of normal faulting with dextral strike-slip and the attitude of the NW nodal plane is consistent to the Deqin-Zhongdian fault. In this paper, we discuss the bouguer anomaly near the epicenter using EIGEN-6C2 model, and the epicenter is located at the Moho depth undulating position, and place where the crustal thickness is unstable. From the profile of P wave velocity and crustal structure, we know that low-velocity layer exists at the bottom of the upper crust, and the layer is likely to be closely related to seismic energy accumulating and storing. The joint location of the edge of the low-velocity (high conductivity) layer and the Deqin-Zhongdian fractures is the location for the focus to release the accumulating energy. This provides a new case of the three-level tectonic model for intra-plate earthquake.
-
图 1 云南迪庆地震活动构造背景
F1.实皆断裂；F2.高黎贡断裂；F3.澜沧江断裂；F4.德钦-中甸断裂；F5.金沙江断裂；F6.甘孜-理塘断裂；F7.丽江-木里断裂；Ⅰ.印度陆块；Ⅱ.羌塘陆块(Ⅱ1.左贡地块；Ⅱ2.昌都地块)；Ⅲ.甘孜地块；Ⅳ.滇中地块；图b据刘俊来等(2011)修改
Fig. 1. The active structure background of Diqing earthquake in Yunnan Province
图 2 迪庆地震震区等震线分布
据云南、四川地震局公开数据修改
Fig. 2. Distribution of isoseismal zone about Diqing earthquake
图 3 迪庆及其邻区构造应力场分布
修编自钱晓东等(2011)，震源机制解引自Havard CMT(http://www.globalcmt.org/CMTsearch.html)
Fig. 3. Distribution of tectonic stress field in and around Diqing area
图 4 滇西北及邻区2-638阶次卫星重力异常(单位：mGal)
采用了2003—2010年的GRACE重力卫星跟踪数据，25年LAGEOS卫星激光测距数据以及2009—2011年的GOCE卫星观测数据.参考半径6 378 km.采用EIGEN-6C2模型(Förste et al., 2012, http://icgem.gfz-potsdam.de/ICGEM/).将该模型计算到2-638阶次，可以有效反映10 km深度地壳物质密度分布情况；等值线间隔：20 mGal
Fig. 4. The satellite gravity anomalies of 2-638 order in Northwest Yunnan Province and its adjacent region
图 5 香格里拉-木里P波速度与地壳结构剖面
图中虚线为低速体，速度单位km/s，修编自马宏生等(2008)
Fig. 5. The Shangrila-Muli profile of P wave velocity and crustal structure
图 6 香格里拉-木里P波速度结构和发震构造综合解释
F2.高黎贡断裂；F3.澜沧江断裂；F4.德钦-中甸断裂；F6.甘孜-理塘断裂；F7.丽江-木里断裂；速度单位km/s，修编自马宏生(2007)
Fig. 6. Comprehensive geophysical interpretation profile of P wave velocity structure and seismogenic structure along Shangrila-Muli
表 1 本次地震震源机制结果
Table 1. Results of mechanism solutions of earthquake
节面Ⅰ 节面Ⅱ P轴 T轴 N轴 ΦS δ λ ΦS δ λ AZ PL AZ PL AZ PL 97° 42° -95° 284° 48° -85° 237° 85° 11° 3° 101° 3° 注：ΦS.走向；δ.倾角；λ.滑动角；AZ.方位角；PL.倾角. 
下载: 导出CSV
-
Cao, Y., Wu, X.P., Shen, Y.H., et al., 2013. Research on Structural Stress Field Basing on Focal Mechanism Solutions Data in Sichuan-Yunan Area. Journal of Seismological Research, 36(2): 165-172 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZYJ201302006.htm Chang, Z.F., Zhang, Y.F., Li, J.L., et al., 2014. The Geological and Geomorphic Characteristic of Late Quaternary Activity of the Deqin-Zhongdian-Daju Fault. Journal of Seismological Research, 37(1): 46-52 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZYJ201401007.htm Cheng, J., Liu, J., Gan, W.J., et al., 2011. Characteristics of Strong Earthquake Evolution around the Eastern Boundary Faults of the Sichuan-Yunnan Rhombic Block. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 41(9): 1311-1326 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-JDXG201111009.htm Duan, J.Z., Tan, X.H., 2000. The Nature and Feature of Cenozoic Main Strike-Slip Fault in the Three-River Area of West Yunnan. Yunnan Geology, 19(1): 8-23 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/279585481_Kinematics_and_dating_of_Cenozoic_strike-slip_faults_in_the_Tengchong_area_west_Yunnan_Implications_for_the_block_movement_in_the_southeastern_Tibet_Plateau Fei, Q., 2008. Characters of Deep Structure for Wenchuan Earthquake. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics, 5(4): 387-395 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1088/1742-2132/5/4/003 Fei, Q., 2009. Major Earthquakes by Rheological Diapirism of Crust-Mantle Material-Evidence from Satellite Gravity Data. Earth Science Frontiers, 16(3): 282-293 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1016/S1872-5791(08)60093-7 Ge, L.S., Deng, J., Yang, L.Q., et al., 2012. Characteristics of Deep-Seated Structure and Its Control Action for Magmatic Activity and Mineralization in Western Yunnan Province. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 28(5): 1387-1400 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/295636201_Characteristics_of_deep-seated_structure_and_its_control_action_for_magmatic_activity_and_mineralization_in_western_Yunnan_Province He, J.K., Liu, J.C., 2002. Lower-Crust Ductile Flow and Its Dynamical Relation with Syn-Collision Crustal Extension in Organic Belt. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 45(4): 483-496 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1002/cjg2.264/full Hou, Z.Q., Yang, Y.Q., Qu, X.M., et al., 2004. Tectonic Evolution and Mineralization Systems of the Yidun Arc Origen in Sanjiang Region, China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 78(1): 109-120 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/281547368_Tectonic_evolution_and_mineralization_systems_of_the_Yidun_Arc_Orogen_in_Sanjiang_Region_China Huang, X.K., 2009. Petrologic and Geochemical Characteristics and the Function in Gold Mineralization of Alkali-Rich Porphyries of the Beiya Area in Western Yunnan Province (Dissertation). China University of Geosciences, Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract). Ji, S., Xia, B., 2002. Rheology of Polyphase Earth Materials. Presses Inter Polytechnique, Canada. Ji, J.Q., Zhong, D.L., Zhang, L.S., 2000. Kinematics and Dating of Cenozoic Strike-Slip Faults In the Tengchong Area, West Yunnan: Implications for the Block Movement in the Southeastern Tibet Plateau. Scientia Geologica Sinica, 35(3): 336-349 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/279585481_Kinematics_and_dating_of_Cenozoic_strike-slip_faults_in_the_Tengchong_area_west_Yunnan_Implications_for_the_block_movement_in_the_southeastern_Tibet_Plateau Ji, S.C., Wang, Q., Sun, S.S., et al., 2008. Continental Extrusion and Seismicity in China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 82(12): 1644-1667 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.cqvip.com/QK/95080X/200812/29395114.html Jiang, W., Zhang, J., Tian, T., et al., 2012. Crustal Structure of Chuan-Dian Region Derived from Gravity Data and Its Tectonic Implications. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, (212-213): 76-87. doi: 10.1016/j.pepi.2012.07.001 Lai, M., Zhu, J.G., Jiang, P., et al., 2014. Ground Motion Data Study of the 2013 Deqing-Derong M5.9 Earthquake. Earthquake Research in Sichuan, (1): 5-8 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-SCHZ201401002.htm Li, G.H., Wang, S.J., Shang, Y.J., et al., 2000. The Crustal Structure and Node of Crustal Movement in the Sichuan-Yunnan Region. Journal of Geomechanics, 6(2): 82-91 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZLX200002012.htm Li, Q.H., Guo, J.K., Min, X.Y., et al., 1991. A Preliminary Study on the Relationship Between Deep Tectonics and Earthquake in Tianshui Earthquake Area. Northwestern Seismological Journal, 13(S1): 68-70 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFD1991-ZBDZ1991S1011.htm Liu, M., Yang, Y.Q. 2003. Extensional Collapse of the Tibetan Plateau: Results of Three-Dimensional Finite Element Modeling. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978—2012), 108(B8): 1-15 http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003JGRB..108.2361L Liu, G.S., Zeng, Z.X., Wang, J., et al., 2013. Imminent Prediction for Minxian Earthquake(Ms 6.6) Using Fingerprint Method. Earth Science Frontiers, 20(6): 156-161 (in Chinese with English abstract). Liu, J., Zeng, L.S., Ding, L., et al., 2009. Tectonic Geomorphology, Active Tectonics and Lower Crustal Channel Flow Hypothesis of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Chinese Journal of Geology, 44(4): 1227-1255 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-DZKX200904016.htm Liu, J.L., Song, Z.J., Cao, S.Y., et al., 2006. The Dynamic Setting and Processes of Tectonic and Magmatic Evolution of the Oblique Collision Zone between India and Eurasian Plates: Exemplified by the Tectonic Evolution of the Three River Region, Eastern Tibet. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 22(4): 775-786 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-YSXB200604002.htm Liu, J.L., Tang, Y., Song, Z.J., et al., 2011. The Ailaoshan Belt in Western Yunnan: Tectonic Framework and Tectonic Evolution. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 41(5): 1285-1303 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-CCDZ201105004.htm Luo, Y., Zeng, X.F., Ni, S.D., 2013. Progress on the Determination of Focal Depth. Progress in Geophysics, 28(5): 2309-2321 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQWJ201305014.htm Ma, H.S., 2007. Dynamics Research on Strong Shock Gestation in Sichuan-Yunnan and Its Adjacent Area (Dissertation). Institute of Geophysics China Seismological Bureau, Beijing (in Chinese with English abstract). Ma, H.S., Zhang, G., Wen, X., et al., 2008.3-D P Wave Velocity Structure Tomographic Inversion and Its Tectonic Interpretation in Southwest China. Earth Sciences—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 33(5): 591-602 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2008.074 Ma, J., 1988. Seismogenic Tectonic Conditions and Its Comparison With Xianshuihe Fault Zone in Northwest Yunnan Province. Seismology and Geology, 10(4): 35-43 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/article_en/cjfdtotal-dzdz198804004.htm Mao, Y.P., Wang, Y.L., Li, C.C., 2004. Study on the Seismogeological Background of Dam-Induced Earthquake of Major Dam along the Middle Segment of Lancang River. Journal of Seismological Research, 27(S1): 63-69 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZYJ2004S1012.htm Peltzer, G., Tapponnier, P. 1988. Formation and Evolution of Strike-Slip Faults, Rifts, and Basins during the India-Asia Collision: An Experimental Approach. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978—2012), 93(B12): 15085-15117. doi: 10.1029/JB093iB12p15085 Qian, X.D., Qin, J.Z., Liu, L.F., 2011. Study on Recent Tectonic Stress Field in Yunnan Region. Seismology and Geology, 33(1): 91-106 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/287560169_Study_on_recent_tectonic_stress_field_in_Yunnan_region Qiao, X.J., Wang, Q., Du, R.L., 2004. Characteristics of Current Crustal Deformation of Active Blocks in the Sichuan-Yunnan Region. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 47(5): 805-811 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_dqwlxb200405011.aspx Shen, C.Y., Wang, Q., Wu, Y., et al., 2002. GPS Inversion of Kinematic Model of the Main Boundaries of the Rhombus Block in Sichuan and Yunnan. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 45(3): 352-361 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1002/cjg2.249/full Sun, J., Jin, G.W., Bai, D.H., et al., 2003. Electrical Structure Exploration of Crust and Upper Mantle in Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Its Structural Significance. Science in China (Series D), 33(z1): 173-180 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_zgkx-ed2003z2019.aspx Tang, X.G., Chen, Y.S., Yan, L.J., et al., 2008. Research on Crustal Density Structure in the Piedmont Fault Zone of Taihang Mountain Area Using the Bouguer Gravity Data. Northwestern Seismology Journal, 30(4): 305-309 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-ZBDZ200804000.htm Tapponnier P., Peltzer G., Le Dain A.Y., et al., 1982. Propagating Extrusion Tectonics in Asia: New Insights From Simple Experiments with Plasticine. Geology, 10(12): 611-616 doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1982)10<611:PETIAN>2.0.CO;2 Teng, J.W., 1994. The Research of Chinese Rock Physics Seismology. Acta Geophysics Sinica, 37(S1): 140-159 (in Chinese with English abstract). Teng, J.W., Wang, Q.S., Wang, G.J., et al., 2006. Specific Gravity Field and Deep Crustal Structure of the-Himalayas "East Structural Knot". Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 49(4): 1045-1052 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.oalib.com/paper/1568174 Wang, C.Y., Lou, H., Lu, Z.Y., et al, 2008. The S-Wave Velocity Structure of Upper Mantle and the Environment of Deep Crustal Flow Below Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Science in China(Series D: Earth Science), 38(1): 22-32 (in Chinese with English abstract). Wang, E.Q., Wang, G., Fan, C., et al., 2006. Orogeny and Gravitational Collapse along the Convergent Plate Boundary and Their Mechanical Origin: A Case Study on the Yarlung Tsangpo-Himalaya Belt. Earth Science Frontiers, 13(4): 18-26 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/288633982_Orogeny_and_gravitational_collapse_along_the_convergent_plate_boundary_and_their_mechanical_origin_A_case_study_on_the_Yarlung_Tsangpo-Himalaya_belt Wang, H.X., Guo, Y.G., 2005. The Study on the Fluctuation of Moho in Yellow Sea and Its Adjacent AreaProgress in Geophysics, 20(2): 566-573 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_dqwlxjz200502058.aspx Wang, Q., Zhang, P., Freymueller, J.T., et al. 2001. Present-Day Crustal Deformation in China Constrained by Global Positioning System Measurements. Science, 294(5542): 574-577. doi: 10.1126/science.1063647 Wang, Q., Zhang, P.Z., Niu, Z.J., et al., 2001. The Crustal Motivation and Structual Deformation in Chinese Continent Nowadays. Science in China(D Series: Earth Science), 31(7): 529-536 (in Chinese with English abstract). Wang, Q.S., Teng, J.W., Wang, G.J., et al., 2007. Specific Gravity Field of the 'Himalayas East Structural Knot'. Progress in Geophysics, 22(1): 35-42 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQWJ200701003.htm Wang, S.J., Qin, J.Z., Guan, L., et al., 2003. Analysis on Multiple-Level Dynamical Sources of Strong Seismicity in Yunnan. Journal of Seismological Research, 26(2): 142-150 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZYJ200302005.htm Wang, S.Z., Zhang, L., 2002. Tectonic Stress Field and Seismic Tectonics Controlled by Plastic-Flow Network in the Sichuan-Yunnan Rhombic Block and Its Adjacent Areas. Seismology and Geology, 24(3): 324-334 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_seismology-geology_thesis/0201253226580.html Wu, J.P., Ming, Y.H., Wang, C.Y., 2006. Regional Waveform Inversion for Crustal and Upper Mantle Velocity Structure below Chuandian Region. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 49(5): 1369-1376 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dqwlxb200605016 Wu, L.X., Yang, M.Z., Zhao, W.M., et al., 2011. Crust Thickness Inversed from Multi-Scale Decomposition of Bouguer Gravity Anomalies in Northeastern of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 31(1): 19-23 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.oalib.com/paper/1554214 Wu, X.Q., Liu, D.L., Li, Z.S., et al., 2006. A Preliminary Study on the Duration of Structural Deformation of Mylonites in Main Gaoligong Ductile Shear Zone in Western Yunnan. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 30(2): 136-141 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://epub.cnki.net/grid2008/docdown/docdownload.aspx?filename=DGYK200602002&dbcode=CJFD&year=2006&dflag=pdfdown Wu, Z.H., Zhang, Y.S., Hu, D.G., et al., 2008. The Late Quaternary Faulting and Its Dynamic Mechanism of the Fracture Located in the Eastern Haba-Yulong Snow Mountain in Southeastern Yunnan, China. Science in China (Series D: Earth Science), 38(11): 1361-1375 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/313077892_Late_Quaternary_normal_faulting_and_its_dynamic_mechanism_of_the_Haba-Yulong_east_piedmont_northwest_Yunnan Xiang, H.F., Xu, X.W., Guo, S.M., et al., 2002. Sinistral Thrusting Along the Lijiang-Xiaojinhe Fault Since Quaternary and Its Geologic-Tectonic Significance—Shielding-Effect of Transverse Structure of Intra-Continental Active Block. Seismology and Geology, 24(2): 188-198 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-DZDZ200202005.htm Xing, L.L., Li, H.B., Zhou, X., et al., 2010. Application and Analysis of Grace Satelite Gravity Observation in Monitoring Strong Earthquake. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 30(4): 51-54, 58 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_journal-geodesy-geodynamics_thesis/0201252724097.html Xu, H.J., Zhang, Y.Z., Duan, H.R., et al., 2012. Gravity Anomaly Detected by GOCE Satellite in China. Progress in Geophysics, 27(2): 404-408 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/284482842_Gravity_anomaly_detected_by_GOCE_satellite_in_China Xu, H.Z., Lu, Y., Zhong, M., et al, 2012. Satellite Gravity and Its Application to Monitoring Geophysical Environmental Change. Scientia Sinica Terrae, 42(6): 843-853 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1360/zd-2012-42-6-843 Xu, X.W., Cheng, G.L., Yu, G.H., et al., 2003a. Tectonic and Paleomagnetic Evidence for the Clockwise Rotation of the Sichuan-Yunnan Rhombic Block. Seismology and Geology, 25(1): 61-70 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_seismology-geology_thesis/0201253226040.html Xu, X.W., Wen, X.Z., Zheng, R.Z., et al., 2003b. Model of Latest Crustal Tectonic Motion and the Source of Its Power in Sichuan-Yuannan Active Block. Science in China (Series D), 33(z1): 151-162 (in Chinese with English abstract). Xu, Y., Yang, X.T., Liu, J.H., 2013. Tomographic study of crustal velocity structures in the Yunnan region southwest China. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 56(6): 1904-1914 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AGUFM.S33A2398Z Xu, Z.Q., Yang, J.S., Li, H.B., et al., 2011. On the Tectonics of the India-Asia Collision. Acta Geologica Sinica, 85(1): 1-33 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6724.2011.00375.x Yang, J.S., Yang, Z.S., 2008. Study on the Seismicity in the "Three Rivers" Region in Yunnan Province. Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research, 29(2): 1-6 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZGJ200802002.htm Yang, Q.J., Xu, Y.G., 2011. The Emplacement of Granites in Nujiang-Gaoligong Belt, Western Yunnan, and Response to the Evolvement of Neo-Tethys. Journal of Jillin University (Earth Science Edition), 41(5): 1353-1361 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-CCDZ201105010.htm Yang, W.R., Zeng, Z.X., Li, D.W., et al., 2009. Three-Level Tectonic Model for Intraplate Earthquakes. Earth Science Frontiers, 16(1): 206-217 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1016/S1872-5791(08)60073-1 Yuan, X.C., Li, T.D., Xiao, X.C., et al., 2006.3D Lithospheric Structure of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Hydraulic Pressure Machine Model of the Plateau Uplift. Geology in China, 33(4): 711-729 (in Chinese with English abstract). Zhang, G.M., Ma, H.S., Wang, H., et al., 2004. The Relationship between Strong Earthquake Activity and the Active Blocks in Mainland China. Science in China (Series D), 34(7): 591-599 (in Chinese with English abstract). Zhang, G.M., Ma, H.S., Wang, H., et al., 2005. Boundaries between Active-Tectonic Blocks and Strong Earthquakes in the China Mainland. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 48(3): 602-610 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1002/cjg2.693 Zhang, P.Z., 2008. The Current Tectonic Deformation, Strain Distribution and Deep Dynamic Process of Western Sichuan Region in Eastern Edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Science in China(Series D: Earth Science), 38(9): 1041-1056 (in Chinese with English abstract). Zhang, P.Z., Deng, Q.D., Zhang, G.M., et al., 2003. Seismic Activity and Active Blocks in China. Science in China (Series D), 33(z1): 12-20 (in Chinese with English abstract). Zhao, P.F., 2012. Evolution of Cenozoic Alkaline-Rich Magma and Mantle Fluid from Western Yunnan Province and the Related Metallogenic Effect(Dissertation). Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu (in Chinese with English abstract). Zhong, D., Ding, L., Liu, F., et al. 2000. Multi-Oriented and Layered Structures of Lithosphere in Orogenic Belt and Their Effects on Cenozoic Magmatism. Science in China (Series D: Earth Sciences), 43(1): 122-133. doi: 10.1007/BF02911938 Zhong, K., Xu, M.J., Wang, L.S., et al., 2005. Study on Characteristics of Gravity Field and Crustal Deformation in Sichuan- Yunnan Region. Geological Journal of China Universities, 11(1): 111-117 (in Chinese with English abstract). Zhong, K.H., Liu, Z.C., Shu, L.S., et al., 2004. The Cenozoic Strike-Slip Kinematics of the Lancangjiang Fault Zone. Geological Review, 50(1): 1-8 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZLP200401000.htm Zhou, G.F., Chen, J.G., Zhang, J., 1996. Characters of Crust-Mantle Construction and Deep Structure in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 21(2): 191-197(in Chinese with English abstract). Zhou, Q., Guo, S.M., Xiang, H.F., 2004. Principle and Method of Delineation of Potential Seismic Sources in Northeastern Yunnan Province. Seismology and Geology, 26(4): 761-771 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/293771804_Principle_and_method_of_delineation_of_potential_seismic_sources_in_northeastern_Yunnan_Province Zhu, L.P., Ben-Zion, Y. 2013. Parameterization of General Seismic Potency and Moment Tensors for Source Inversion of Seismic Waveform Data. Geophysical Journal International, 194(2): 839-843. doi: 10.1093/gji/ggt137 Zhu, S.B., Shi, Y.L., 2004. Genetic Algorithm-Finite Element Inversion of Drag Forces Exerted by the Lower Crust on the Upper Crust in the Sichuan-Yunnan Area. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 47(2): 232-239 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/dqwlxb200402009 曹颖, 吴小平, 沈娅宏, 等, 2013. 由震源机制解资料研究川滇地区构造应力场. 地震研究, 36(2): 165-172. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZYJ201302006.htm 常祖峰, 张艳凤, 李鉴林, 等, 2014. 德钦-中甸-大具断裂晚第四纪活动的地质与地貌表现. 地震研究, 37(1): 46-52. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZYJ201401007.htm 程佳, 刘杰, 甘卫军, 等, 2011. 川滇菱形块体东边界各断层段强震演化特征研究. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 41(9): 1311-1326. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK201109009.htm 段建中, 谭筱虹, 2000. 滇西三江地区新生代主要走滑断裂性质及特征. 云南地质, 19(1): 8-23. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YNZD200001001.htm 费琪, 2008. 汶川大地震的深部构造特征. 工程地球物理学报, 5(4): 387-395. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7940.2008.04.002 费琪, 2009. 壳幔物质流变的底辟作用孕育大地震——卫星重力资料的证据. 地学前缘, 16(3): 282-293. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2009.03.023 葛良胜, 邓军, 杨立强, 等, 2012. 滇西地区深部构造特征及其对成岩-成矿的控制作用. 岩石学报, 28(5): 1387-1400. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSXB201205006.htm 何建坤, 刘金朝, 2002. 下地壳流变与造山带同挤压期地壳伸展的动力学关系. 地球物理学报, 45(4): 483-496. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2002.04.006 侯增谦, 杨岳清, 曲晓明, 等, 2004. 三江地区义敦岛弧造山带演化和成矿系统. 地质学报, 78(1): 109-120. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200401013.htm 黄行凯. 2009. 滇西北衙地区新生代富碱斑岩的岩石学及地球化学特征及与金成矿的关系(硕士学位论文). 北京: 中国地质大学. 季建清, 钟大赉, 张连生, 2000. 滇西南新生代走滑断裂运动学、年代学、及对青藏高原东南部块体运动的意义. 地质科学, 35(3): 336-349. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKX200003008.htm 嵇少丞, 王茜, 孙圣思, 等, 2008. 亚洲大陆逃逸构造与现今中国地震活动. 地质学报, 82(12): 1644-1667. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2008.12.003 赖敏, 朱建钢, 江鹏, 等, 2014. 德钦县、得荣县交界处M_L5.9级地震强震动数据分析. 四川地震, (1): 5-8. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SCHZ201401002.htm 李国和, 王思敬, 尚彦军, 等, 2000. 川滇交界地区地壳结构及现代地壳活动模式. 地质力学学报, 6(2): 82-91. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6616.2000.02.013 李清河, 郭建康, 闵祥仪, 等, 1991. 天水地震区深部构造与地震关系初步探讨. 西北地震学报, 13(S1): 68-70. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZBDZ1991S1011.htm 刘根深, 曾佐勋, 王杰, 等, 2013. 岷县地震(Ms6.6)指纹法临震预测. 地学前缘, 20(6): 156-161. 刘静, 曾令森, 丁林, 等, 2009. 青藏高原东南缘构造地貌、活动构造和下地壳流动假说. 地质科学, 44(4): 1227-1255. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKX200904016.htm 刘俊来, 宋志杰, 曹淑云, 等, 2006. 印度-欧亚侧向碰撞带构造-岩浆演化的动力学背景与过程——以藏东三江地区构造演化为例. 岩石学报, 22(4): 775-786. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSXB200604002.htm 刘俊来, 唐渊, 宋志杰, 等, 2011. 滇西哀牢山构造带: 结构与演化. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 41(5): 1285-1303. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CCDZ201105004.htm 罗艳, 曾祥方, 倪四道, 2013. 震源深度测定方法研究进展. 地球物理学进展, 28(5): 2309-2321. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWJ201305014.htm 马宏生, 2007. 川滇地区强震孕育的深部动力环境研究(博士学位论文). 北京: 中国地震局地球物理研究所. 马宏生, 张国民, 闻学泽, 等, 2008. 川滇地区三维P波速度结构反演与构造分析. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 33(5): 591-602. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX200805004.htm 马瑾, 1988. 滇西北发震构造条件及其与鲜水河断裂带的对比. 地震地质, 10(4): 35-43. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ198804004.htm 毛玉平, 王洋龙, 李朝才, 2004. 澜沧江中段水利枢纽工程水库诱发地震的地震地质环境分析. 地震研究, 27(S1): 63-69. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZYJ2004S1012.htm 钱晓东, 秦嘉政, 刘丽芳, 2011. 云南地区现代构造应力场研究. 地震地质, 33(1): 91-106. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.01.009 乔学军, 王琪, 杜瑞林, 2004. 川滇地区活动地块现今地壳形变特征. 地球物理学报, 47(5): 805-811. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2004.05.011 申重阳, 王琪, 吴云, 等, 2002. 川滇菱形块体主要边界运动模型的GPS数据反演分析. 地球物理学报, 45(3): 352-361. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2002.03.007 孙洁, 晋光文, 白登海, 等, 2003. 青藏高原东缘地壳、上地幔电性结构探测及其构造意义. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 33(z1): 173-180. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK2003S1018.htm 唐新功, 陈永顺, 严良俊, 等, 2008. 应用布格重力异常研究太行山地区地壳密度结构. 西北地震学报, 30(4): 305-309. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZBDZ200804000.htm 滕吉文, 1994. 中国岩石层物理的地震学研究. 地球物理学报, 37(S1): 140-159. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWX4S1.011.htm 滕吉文, 王谦身, 王光杰, 等, 2006. 喜马拉雅"东构造结"地区的特异重力场与深部地壳结构. 地球物理学报, 49(4): 1045-1052. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2006.04.016 王椿镛, 楼海, 吕智勇, 等, 2008. 青藏高原东部地壳上地幔S波速度结构—下地壳流的深部环境. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 38(1): 22-32. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-9267.2008.01.003 王二七, 王刚, 樊春, 等, 2006. 板块汇聚带的造山和重力垮塌作用及其力学成因: 以雅鲁藏布江-喜马拉雅山汇聚带为例. 地学前缘, 13(4): 18-26. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2006.04.003 王红霞, 郭玉贵, 2005. 黄海及邻区莫霍面起伏特征. 地球物理学进展, 20(2): 566-573. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2005.02.058 王琪, 张培震, 牛之俊, 等, 2001. 中国大陆现今地壳运动和构造变形. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 31(7): 529-536. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK200107000.htm 王谦身, 滕吉文, 王光杰, 等, 2007. 喜玛拉雅"东构造结"地区特异重力场的探讨. 地球物理学进展, 22(1): 35-42. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2007.01.004 王绍晋, 秦嘉政, 关蕾, 等, 2003. 云南强震活动的多层次动力源分析. 地震研究, 26(2): 142-150. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0666.2003.02.006 王绳祖, 张流, 2002. 塑性流动网络控制下川滇菱形块体及邻区构造应力场与地震构造. 地震地质, 24(3): 324-334. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2002.03.004 吴建平, 明跃红, 王椿镛, 2006. 川滇地区速度结构的区域地震波形反演研究. 地球物理学报, 49(5): 1369-1376. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2006.05.016 吴立辛, 杨明芝, 赵卫明, 等, 2011. 利用重力多尺度分解资料反演青藏高原东北缘地壳厚度. 大地测量与地球动力学, 31(1): 19-23. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKXB201101006.htm 吴小奇, 刘德良, 李振生, 等, 2006. 滇西主高黎贡韧性剪切带糜棱岩形成时限的初探. 大地构造与成矿学, 30(2): 136-141. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1552.2006.02.002 吴中海, 张永双, 胡道功, 等, 2008. 滇西北哈巴-玉龙雪山东麓断裂的晚第四纪正断层作用及其动力学机制探讨. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 38(11): 1361-1375. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-9267.2008.11.004 向宏发, 徐锡伟, 虢顺民, 等, 2002. 丽江-小金河断裂第四纪以来的左旋逆推运动及其构造地质意义—陆内活动地块横向构造的屏蔽作用. 地震地质, 24(2): 188-198. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2002.02.006 邢乐林, 李辉, 周新, 等, 2010. GRACE卫星重力观测在强震监测中的应用及分析. 大地测量与地球动力学, 30(4): 51-54, 58. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKXB201004011.htm 胥颐, 杨晓涛, 刘建华, 2013. 云南地区地壳速度结构的层析成像研究. 地球物理学报, 56(6): 1904-1914. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWX201306014.htm 徐海军, 张永志, 段虎荣, 等, 2012. GOCE卫星监测的中国区域重力异常. 地球物理学进展, 27(2): 404-408. doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.02.003 徐锡伟, 程国良, 于贵华, 等, 2003a. 川滇菱形块体顺时针转动的构造学与古地磁学证据. 地震地质, 25(1): 61-70. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDZ200301006.htm 徐锡伟, 闻学泽, 郑荣章, 等, 2003b. 川滇地区活动块体最新构造变动样式及其动力来源. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 33(z1): 151-162. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK2003S1016.htm 许厚泽, 陆洋, 钟敏, 等, 2012. 卫星重力测量及其在地球物理环境变化监测中的应用. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 42(6): 843-853. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK201206006.htm 许志琴, 杨经绥, 李海兵, 等, 2011. 印度-亚洲碰撞大地构造. 地质学报, 85(1): 1-33. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201101001.htm 杨晶琼, 杨周胜, 2008. 云南"三江"流域地震活动性研究. 地震地磁观测与研究, 29(2): 1-6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2008.02.001 杨启军, 徐义刚, 2011. 滇西怒江—高黎贡构造带内花岗岩的侵位过程及其对特提斯演化过程的响应. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 41(5): 1353-1361. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CCDZ201105010.htm 杨巍然, 曾佐勋, 李德威, 等, 2009. 板内地震过程的三层次构造模式. 地学前缘, 16(1): 206-217. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2009.01.023 袁学诚, 李廷栋, 肖序常, 等, 2006. 青藏高原岩石圈三维结构及高原隆升的液压机模型. 中国地质, 33(4): 711-729. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2006.04.003 张国民, 马宏生, 王辉, 等, 2004. 中国大陆活动地块与强震活动关系. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 34(7): 591-599. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK200407000.htm 张国民, 马宏生, 王辉, 等, 2005. 中国大陆活动地块边界带与强震活动. 地球物理学报, 48(3): 602-610. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2005.03.018 张培震, 2008. 青藏高原东缘川西地区的现今构造变形, 应变分配与深部动力过程. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 38(9): 1041-1056. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1006-9267.2008.09.001 张培震, 邓起东, 张国民, 等, 2003. 中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块. 中国科学D辑: 地球科学, 33(z1): 12-20. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK2003S1001.htm 赵甫峰. 2012. 滇西新生代富碱岩浆与地幔流体演化及其成矿效应研究. 成都理工大学. 钟锴, 徐鸣洁, 王良书, 等, 2005. 川滇地区重力场特征与地壳变形研究. 高校地质学报, 11(1): 111-117. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7493.2005.01.010 钟康惠, 刘肇昌, 舒良树, 等, 2004. 澜沧江断裂带的新生代走滑运动学特点. 地质论评, 50(1): 1-8. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0371-5736.2004.01.001 周国藩, 陈建国, 张健, 1996. 青藏高原卫星重力场及所反映的壳幔结构和深部构造特征. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 21(2): 191-197. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX199602017.htm 周庆, 虢顺民, 向宏发, 2004. 滇西北地区潜在震源区的划分原则和方法. 地震地质, 26(4): 761-771. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2004.04.022 朱守彪, 石耀霖, 2004. 用遗传有限单元法反演川滇下地壳流动对上地壳的拖曳作用. 地球物理学报, 47(2): 232-239. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2004.02.009 -
点击查看大图
图(6) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 3416
- HTML全文浏览量: 670
- PDF下载量: 474
- 被引次数: 0
