b Values Spatial Distribution Characteristics of the Main Active Faults in Southwestern Yunnan
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摘要: 滇西南地区地处青藏高原东南边缘, 是我国大陆构造活动强烈且强震频发地区之一.通过分析b值与地壳应力分布状态的负相关关系, 采用最大似然法对该区进行b值空间扫描, 并结合区域地震构造背景以及活动断裂特征, 分析该区b值空间分布沿各断裂带的空间差异性, 反映区内不同断裂带以及同一断裂带不同现今应力积累水平与活动习性的差异, 从而反映出地震危险性的空间差异.研究结果表明: 滇西南地区b值处于0.3~1.2之间, 平均b值为0.576, δb值为0.046;区内断裂带与断裂带不同段落的b值分布极其不均匀, 澜沧江断裂南段、怒江断裂带等断裂处于研究区低b值区域, 目前处于相对较高的应力状态, 未来发生强震的可能性较大; 而哀牢山断裂带、龙陵-瑞丽断裂带的西段和东段等断裂处于研究区高b值区域, 目前处于相对较低的应力积累水平, 未来以小震活动为主.该研究方法和结论可供工程场地地震安全性评价和地震活动性中长期预测研究时参考.Abstract: Southwestern Yunnan is located in the southeast edge of the Tibetan plateau, is one of strong continental tectonic activities and frequent earthquake area in our country. In this paper, based on the principle of negative correlation between regional seismic b-value and crust internal stress distribution, we made the b values map by the maximum likelihood method and combined with the feature of regional seism tectonic background and active faults, analysis spatial difference of distribution b values along the fault belt, reflect the level of stress accumulation and activity habits in the different fault belt and the same fault different section, which reflects the spatial difference of seismic risk. The research result shows that the b value of the study area is 0.3 to 1.2, the average value of b is 0.576, δb is 0.046; the distribution b value and different sections in the Fault belt and fracture belt are uneven. The southern section of the LANCANG river fault, NU river fault etc in the low b value area of the study area, it suggests that this region is at a relatively high stress state and the possibility of strong earthquake in the future. On the contrary, Ailaoshan fault belt、the eastern and western section of the Longling-Ruili fault belt etc. in the high b value area of the study area, it suggests that this region is at a relatively low stress state and the possibility of small earthquake in the next few years. The researching methods of this article and its conclusion are available for risk evaluation research and long-term seismicity prediction research as a reference.
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Key words:
- southwestern Yunnan /
- spatial distribution of b values /
- seismic hazard /
- fault
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图 1 区域历史强震和主要断裂分布
F1.红河断裂；F2.澜沧江断裂；F3.怒江断裂带；F4.无量山断裂带；F5.哀牢山断裂带；F6.腾冲第四纪火山断层带；F7.南涧-巍山断裂；F8.永平断裂；F9.黑河断裂带；F10.勐遮断裂；F11.大盈江断裂；F12.陇川断裂；F13.龙陵-瑞丽断裂带；F14.畹町-安定断裂；F15.南汀河断裂带；F16.孟连断裂；F17.打洛断裂；F18.曼博断裂；F19.勐龙断裂；F20.岔河-勐腊断裂
Fig. 1. The historical earthquake and the main fracture distribution of the study area
图 5 区域地震和主要断裂分布
Fig. 5. The earthquake and the main fracture distribution of the study area
图 6 研究区b值空间分布和主要断裂分布
Fig. 6. Spatial distribution of b values and the main fracture distribution of the study area
表 1 研究区主要活动断裂特征和平均b值
Table 1. The characteristic of main active faults and the average b value in the study area
断裂编号 断裂名称 平均b值 δb值 产状 断裂性质 最新活动时代 地震活动 走向 倾向 倾角 F1 红河断裂带 0.682 0.055 NW NE 60°~80° 右旋走滑 Q3-4 1652、1925年7级 F2 澜沧江断裂 0.448 0.040 近SN W 50°~80° 逆断 Q1-2 1次51/2级地震 F3 怒江断裂带 0.518 0.021 NW W 50°~70° 逆断 Q1-2 F4 无量山断裂带 0.480 0.040 NW NE 60°~80° 逆断 Q2-3 1970年61/2级1979年6.8级 F5 哀牢山断裂带 0.829 0.086 NW NE 较陡 逆断右旋 Q1-2 F6 腾冲第四纪火山断层带 0.500 0.029 NW NE 左旋走滑兼正断层 Q3-4 多次6级以上地震 F7 南涧-巍山断裂 0.555 0.018 右旋走滑 Q3 F8 永平断裂 0.521 0.019 逆断层 Q2 F9 黑河断裂带 0.472 0.028 右旋走滑 Q3-4 19788年7.4级 F10 勐遮断裂 0.449 0.033 右旋走滑 Q4 F11 大盈江断裂 0.557 0.051 NE NW 50°~70° 正断 Q3-4 F12 陇川断裂 0.521 0.030 NE NW 50°~60° 左旋走滑 Q3-4 F13 龙陵-瑞丽断裂带 0.600 0.400 NE NW 50°~70° 逆断 Q3-4 7.3、7.4级地震 F14 畹町-安定断裂 0.663 0.044 近EW N 50°~70° 逆断 Q4 F15 南汀河断裂带 0.643 0.049 NE NW 60° 逆断 Q3-4 7级以上地震 F16 孟连断裂 0.555 0.041 NE NW 左旋走滑 Q4 1995年7.3级 F17 打洛断裂 0.443 0.046 左旋走滑 Q4 1950年7.0级地震 F18 曼博断裂 0.415 0.045 左旋走滑 Q2 F19 勐龙断裂 0.392 0.030 左旋走滑 Q3 1975年5.7级 F20 岔河-勐腊断裂 0.416 0.032 左旋走滑 Q2 
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