Information Extraction of Typical Alteration Zone of Porphyry Copper Deposit and Delineation of Prospective Areas in Southern Peru
-
摘要: 不同斑岩铜矿的构造地质、成矿时代和控矿因素具有其特殊性, 所以需要针对具体的矿区开展地质调查以获取矿区标志性蚀变矿物组合信息, 从而利用遥感技术手段提取矿区蚀变信息, 确定找矿远景区.通过综合分析秘鲁南部斑岩铜矿地质特征、控矿因素, 确立了以泥化-绢英岩化和青磐岩化组合蚀变矿物带为遥感找矿指示标志, 并以ASTER数据为遥感数据源开展蚀变矿物信息提取技术研究, 结合已有矿区地质资料、高光谱影像和实地勘查结果, 验证了典型蚀变带矿物信息提取结果的可靠性, 另圈定了2处找矿远景区.在综合分析、梳理已有研究基础上, 构建了多光谱遥感找矿模式, 并在智利、阿根廷等其他多个斑岩铜矿区取得了较好的应用效果.Abstract: Every porphyry copper deposit has different geological structure, metallogenic epoch and ore controlling factors. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out geological investigation to obtain the information of the iconic alteration mineral assemblage to extract the alteration information by using remote sensing technology and determine prospective areas. A comprehensive analysis of geological characteristics and ore controlling factors of porphyry copper deposit in southern Peru is carried out in this study. The combined information of argillic- and phyllic-alteration and propylitic alteration is established as the ore prospecting indicator and the technology of alteration information extraction is explored with ASTER data. Combined with existing mining geological data, hyperspectral image and field survey results, alteration extraction results are confirmed as reliable and effective and the other two prospective areas are delineated. The multi-spectral remote sensing prospecting model is constructed and its application proves successful in other porphyry copper districts such as Chile, Argentina.
-
图 1 研究区位置及1∶10万地质图
l.Q-fl.冲积和崩积；2.Q-al.河流沉积物；3.Qp-m.冰碛沉积；4.KTi-di/gd.花岗闪长岩；5.KTi-gr.花岗岩；6.KTi-in.Inogoya地层；7.KTi-qp.Quellaveco斑岩；8.KTi-qsa.Alta系列；9.KTi-qst.Toquepala系列；10.KTi-qt.Tinajones流纹岩；11.KTi-qy.Yarito流纹岩；12.KTi-to.Toquepala地层；13.KTi-vpa.Paralaque火山岩；14.Ti-da/mz.英安岩和二长岩；15.TQ-vba.Barroso火山岩；16.Ts-ca.Capillune地层；17.Ts-moi.下Moquegua地层；18.Ts-mos.上Moquegua地层；19.Ts-vhu.Huailillas火山岩
Fig. 1. Study area location and 1∶100 000 geological sketch
图 2 标准波谱库中蚀变矿物光谱曲线(a)及重采样至ASTER波段后波谱曲线(b)
Fig. 2. The spectral curves of alteration minerals in USGS (a) and in ASTER bandpasses (b) after resample
图 4 AST_01泥化-绢英岩化类(a)和青磐岩化带(b)蚀变矿物信息分布
Fig. 4. The argillic- and phyllic-altered mineral assemblage (a) and propylitic altered mineral assemblage (b) with AST_01 data
图 5 AST_02泥化-绢英岩化类(a)和青磐岩化带(b)蚀变矿物信息分布
Fig. 5. The argillic- and phyllic-altered mineral assemblage (a) and propylitic altered mineral assemblage (b) with AST_02 data
图 6 奎拉维科斑岩铜矿区蚀变带矿物信息分布(a)和地质图(b)
1.流纹质凝灰岩；2.角砾岩；3.二长斑岩；4.花岗闪长岩；5.流纹岩；6.第四系；7.矿化范围
Fig. 6. The alteration mineral assemblage (a) and geological map (b) of porphyry copper deposit in Quellaveco
图 7 4-A区东部浅层腐蚀土下的大面积泥化-绢英岩化蚀变
Fig. 7. A large area of argillic and phyllic alteration under humus surface in the eastern part of 4-A region
图 8 4-B区斑岩铜矿蚀变带Quick Bird高分辨率卫星影像
Fig. 8. Quick Bird hyperspectra image of typical alteration of porphyry copper deposit in 4-B region
表 1 AST_01数据主成分分析特征向量矩阵
Table 1. Eigenvector matrix of principal component analysis of AST_01 data
Band 1 Band 4 Band 6 Band 7 Band 1 Band 3 Band 4 Band 8 PC1 -0.505 593 -0.505 047 -0.469 697 -0.518 351 PC1 0.511 250 0.479 195 0.506 965 0.501 979 PC2 -0.818 415 0.534 061 0.175 795 0.118 624 PC2 0.763 555 -0.102 731 -0.636 456 -0.036 810 PC3 0.271 987 0.674 424 -0.412 340 -0.548 772 PC3 0.001 662 -0.764 375 0.088 434 0.638 677 PC4 -0.024 388 0.069 702 -0.760 564 0.645 050 PC4 0.394 469 -0.418 987 0.574 535 -0.582 026 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 AST_02数据主成分分析特征向量矩阵
Table 2. Eigenvector matrix of principal component analysis of AST_02 data
Band 1 Band 4 Band 6 Band 7 Band 1 Band 3 Band 4 Band 8 PC1 0.447 876 0.560 978 0.477 413 0.506 742 PC1 0.408 123 0.513 387 0.563 064 0.502 821 PC2 0.893 562 -0.284 518 -0.261 890 -0.228 059 PC2 0.559 064 0.513 116 -0.492 022 -0.426 701 PC3 -0.003 431 -0.777 332 0.449 850 0.439 748 PC3 0.481 901 0.466 604 -0.450 188 0.589 392 PC4 -0.030 705 -0.010 386 -0.707 903 0.705 566 PC4 0.537 266 -0.505 397 0.488 061 -0.466 599
下载: 导出CSV
-
Crosta, A.P., deSouza, F.C.R., Azevedo, F., et al., 2003. Targeting Key Alteration Minerals in Epithermal Deposits in Patagonia, Argentina, Using ASTER Imagery and Principal Component Analysis. Internal Journal of Remote Sensing, 24(21): 4233-4240. doi: 10.1080/0143116031000152292 Chen, Y., He, Z.W., Deng, H., et al., 2014. Identification and Extraction of Mineralized Alteration Information by ASTER Remote Sensing Data. Journal of Guilin University of Technology, 34(1): 51-57 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-GLGX201401008.htm Geng, X.X., Yang, J.M., Zhang, Y.J., et al., 2008. The Application of ASTER Remote Sensing Data for Extraction of Alteration Anomalies Information in Shallow Overburden Area—A Case Study of the Baoguto Porphyry Copper Deposit Intrusion in Western Junggar, Xinjiang. Geological Review, 54(2): 184-191 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZLP200802006.htm Guo, N., Guo, K., Hu, J.R., et al., 2012. Application of Integrated Remote Sensing Techniques to Mineral Exploration in Tangga, Tibet. Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources, 29(6): 70-74 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZKG201206013.htm John, C.M., Rowan, L.C., 2006. Regional Mapping of Phyllic- and Argillic-Altered Rocks in the Zagros Magmatic Arc, Iran, Using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Data and Logical Operator Algorithms. Geosphere, 2(3): 161-186. doi: 10.1130/GES00044.1 John, D.A., Ayuso, R.A., Barton, M.D., et al., 2010. Porphyry Copper Deposit Model. Scientific Investigations Report, 2010-5070-B. Lai, J.Q., Huang, M., Song, W.B., et al., 2015. Geochemical Characteristics and Source of Ore-Forming Materials of Kaerqueka Copper Polymetallic Deposit in Qinghai Province, China. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 40(1): 1-16 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.001 Li, Z.L., Zhang, X.Y., Cheng, J.L., et al., 2012. Application of Remote Sensing Technology in Ultra-Large Type Porphyry Copper in Chile. Mineral Exploration, 3(4): 549-557 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-YSJS201204026.htm Liu, W., Yu, Y., Zhang, M.H., 2010. An Analysis of IP Sounding Anomalies in the Quellaveco Copper Deposit of Southern Peru. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 34(4): 444-447 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=wtyht201004006 Misra, K.C., 2000. Understanding Mineral Deposits. Kluwer Academic Publishing, London, 353-413. Pour, B.A., Hashim, M., 2012. The Application of ASTER Remote Sensing Data to Porphyry Copper and Epithermal Gold Deposits. Ore Geology Reviews, 44: 1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2011.09.009 Rowan, L.C., Robert, G.S., John, C., et al., 2006. Distribution of Hydrothermally Altered Rocks in the Reko Diq, Pakistan Mineralized Area Based on Spectral Analysis of ASTER Data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 104(1): 74-87. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2006.05.014 Rui, Z.Y., Zhang, H.T., Chen, R.Y., et al., 2006. An Approach to Some Problems of Porphyry Copper Deposits. Mineral Deposits, 25(4): 491-499 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/290792977_An_approach_to_some_problems_of_porphyry_copper_deposits Schwartz, M.O., 1981. The Geochemistry of the Leached Capping of the La Granja Porphyry Copper Deposit. Peru Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 15(1): 93-113. doi: 10.1016/0375-6742(81)90058-3 Shi, J.F., Tang, J.R., Zhou, P., et al., 2010. The Worldwide Exploration Model and Mineral Exploration. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, 119-132 (in Chinese). Sillitoe, R.H., 2010. Porphyry Copper Systems. Economic Geology, 105(1): 1-41. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.105.1.3 Tommaso, I.D., Rubinstein, N., 2007. Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping Using ASTER Data in the Infiernillo Porphyry Deposit, Argentina. Ore Geology Reviews, 32(1): 275-290. doi: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2006.05.004 Wang, Y., Zhang, T.B., Qin, Y.B., et al., 2013. Remote Sensing Prospecting Prediction of Porphyry Copper Deposit in Kahucuo Region of Tibet. Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources, 30(4): 54-61 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DZKG201304010.htm Yang, R.H., Chen, X.F., Li, Z.Z., 2013. RS Comprehen- sive Evaluation for Porphyry Copper in South of Arequipa Province of Peru Based on RS Mine-Indicating Information. Remote Sensing Information, 28(2): 35-41, 46 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_remote-sensing-information_thesis/0201254402668.html Yang, R.H., Li, Z.Z., Chen, X.F., 2012. Information Extraction of Typical Alteration Mineral Assemblage in Porphyry Copper Using ASTER Satellite Data, Arequipa Province of South Peru. Journal of Geo-Information Science, 14(3): 411-418 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2012.00411 Yao, F.J., Zhang, Y.J., Yang, J.M., et al., 2012. Application of ASTER Remote Sensing Data to Extraction of Alteration Zoning Information from Dexing Porphyry Copper Deposit. Mineral Deposits, 31(4): 881-890 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169136811001168 Yu, Y., Li, J.G., Chen, S.B., et al., 2015. ASTER Image Alteration Minerals Information Extraction Based on Different Lithology Backgrounds. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 40(8): 1391-1395 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.123 Zhang, Y.J., Yang, J.M., Chen W., 2002. A Study of the Method for Extraction of Alteration Anomalies from the ETM+(TM) Data and Its Application: Geologic Basis and Spectral Precondition. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, (4): 30-36 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-GTYG200204006.htm Zhang, Y.J., Yang, J.M., Yao, F.J., 2007. The Potential of Multi-Spectral Remote Sensing Techniques for Mineral Exploration—Taking the Mongolian Oyu Tolgoi Cu-Au Deposit as an Example. Earth Science Frontiers, 14(5): 63-70 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1016/S1872-5791(07)60036-0 Zhang, Y.J., Zeng, Z.M., 2012. Study of Optimum Discriminator of Multi-Channel Remote Sensing Anomaly for Recognition of Porphyry Cu Deposits in Gangdese Belt. Mineral Deposits, 31(4): 671-698 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-KCDZ201204004.htm Zhang, Z.J., Gan, F.P., Li X.Q., et al., 2012. The Extraction of Altered Mineral Information Based on ASTER Data: A Case Study of the Huangshan Copper-Nickel Ore District in Hami. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, (2): 85-91 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-GTYG201202018.htm Zhu, G.X., 1980. Some Geological Features of Cu-Porphyry Belt in Chile and Peru. Geology and Prospecting, (3): 77-81 (in Chinese). 陈晔, 何政伟, 邓辉, 等2014. 利用ASTER影像识别和提取矿化蚀变信息. 桂林理工大学学报, 34(1): 51-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-9057.2014.01.008 耿新霞, 杨建民, 张玉君, 等, 2008. ASTER数据在浅覆盖区蚀变遥感异常信息提取中的应用——以新疆西准噶尔包古图斑岩铜矿岩体为例. 地质论评, 54(2): 184-191. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0371-5736.2008.02.005 郭娜, 郭科, 胡敬仁, 等, 2012. 多源遥感分析技术在西藏唐嘎幅找矿中的应用. 国土资源科技管理, 29(6): 70-74. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-4210.2012.06.014 赖健清, 黄敏, 宋文彬, 等, 2015. 青海卡尔却卡铜多金属矿床地球化学特征与成矿物质来源. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 40(1): 1-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201501001.htm 李忠烈, 张晓永, 成静亮, 等, 2012. 遥感技术在智利超大型斑岩型铜矿勘查中的应用研究. 矿产勘查, 3(4): 549-557. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7801.2012.04.023 刘伟, 余友, 张明会, 2010. 南秘鲁QUELLAVECO铜矿激电测深异常. 物探与化探, 34(4): 444-447. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WTYH201004005.htm 芮宗瑶, 张洪涛, 陈仁义, 等, 2006. 斑岩铜矿研究中若干问题探讨. 矿床地质, 25(4): 491-499. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-7106.2006.04.014 施俊法, 唐金荣, 周平, 等, 2010. 世界找矿模型与矿产勘查. 北京: 地质出版社, 119-132. https://xuewen.cnki.net/CCND-GTZY201012150044.html 王岩, 张廷斌, 秦岩宾, 等, 2013. 西藏喀湖错地区斑岩铜矿遥感找矿预测. 国土资源科技管理, 30(4): 54-61. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-4210.2013.04.009 杨日红, 陈秀法, 李志忠, 2013. 基于遥感示矿信息的秘鲁阿雷基帕省南部斑岩铜矿遥感综合评价. 遥感信息, 28(2): 35-41, 46. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3177.2013.02.007 杨日红, 李志忠, 陈秀法, 2012. ASTER数据的斑岩铜矿典型蚀变矿物组合信息提取方法——以秘鲁南部阿雷基帕省斑岩铜矿区为例. 地球信息科学学报, 14(3): 411-418. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXX201203020.htm 姚佛军, 张玉君, 杨建民, 等, 2012. 利用ASTER提取德兴斑岩铜矿遥感蚀变分带信息. 矿床地质, 31(4): 881-890. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-7106.2012.04.016 于岩, 李建国, 陈圣波, 等, 2015. 基于不同岩性背景的遥感影像蚀变矿物信息提取. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 40(8): 1391-1395. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201508018.htm 张玉君, 杨建民, 陈薇, 2002. ETM+(TM)蚀变遥感异常提取方法研究与应用——地质依据和波谱前提. 国土资源遥感, (4): 30-36. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-070X.2002.04.007 张玉君, 杨建民, 姚佛军, 2007. 多光谱遥感技术预测矿产资源的潜能——以蒙古国欧玉陶勒盖铜金矿床为例. 地学前缘, 14(5): 63-70. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2007.05.007 张玉君, 曾朝铭, 2012. 西藏冈底斯地区斑岩铜矿识别的最佳多光谱遥感异常判据研究. 矿床地质, 31(4): 671-698. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-7106.2012.04.003 张志军, 甘甫平, 李贤庆, 等, 2012. 基于ASTER数据的蚀变矿物信息提取——以哈密黄山铜镍矿区为例. 国土资源遥感, (2): 85-91. doi: 10.6046/gtzyyg.2012.02.16 朱关祥, 1980. 智利、秘鲁斑岩铜矿带的若干地质特征. 地质与勘探, (3): 77-81. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKT198009022.htm -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3216
- HTML全文浏览量: 735
- PDF下载量: 447
- 被引次数: 0
