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    NaCl和Zn对棉花生长及营养元素吸收的影响

    陈文岭 靳孟贵 朱永惠 王在敏

    陈文岭, 靳孟贵, 朱永惠, 王在敏, 2015. NaCl和Zn对棉花生长及营养元素吸收的影响. 地球科学, 40(11): 1887-1895. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.169
    引用本文: 陈文岭, 靳孟贵, 朱永惠, 王在敏, 2015. NaCl和Zn对棉花生长及营养元素吸收的影响. 地球科学, 40(11): 1887-1895. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.169
    Chen Wenling, Jin Menggui, Zhu Yonghui, Wang Zaimin, 2015. Effects of NaCl and Zn on Growth and Nutrient Elements Uptake of Cotton. Earth Science, 40(11): 1887-1895. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.169
    Citation: Chen Wenling, Jin Menggui, Zhu Yonghui, Wang Zaimin, 2015. Effects of NaCl and Zn on Growth and Nutrient Elements Uptake of Cotton. Earth Science, 40(11): 1887-1895. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.169

    NaCl和Zn对棉花生长及营养元素吸收的影响

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.169
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金项目 41172218

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      陈文岭(1989-), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事水文循环与生态环境、水流与溶质运移研究.E-mail: chenwl0807@163.com

      通讯作者:

      靳孟贵, E-mail: mgjin@cug.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P595

    Effects of NaCl and Zn on Growth and Nutrient Elements Uptake of Cotton

    • 摘要: 微咸水在西北干旱区广泛分布, 越来越多地被运用于灌溉棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)等作物.微咸水中NaCl和微量元素含量比淡水高, 有关NaCl和微量元素各自对棉花生长的影响已有大量研究, 而他们对棉花生长的相互作用研究比较缺乏.选取对棉花生长作用敏感的NaCl和微量元素Zn, 开展不同NaCl和Zn浓度灌溉水盆栽试验.结果表明, 缺Zn环境下, 在灌溉水电导率为2.90~3.95 dS/m的范围内, 随着电导率增大, NaCl促进棉花根和地上部生长及皮棉产量增加.富Zn环境下, 灌溉水电导率大于5.04 dS/m时, 随着电导率增大皮棉产量明显下降.在灌溉水中Zn浓度为0.192 0~3.068 0 μmol/L的范围内, Zn浓度越大棉花营养生长越快; 大于0.767 6 μmol/L时, 随着Zn浓度增大皮棉产量下降.灌溉水中NaCl和Zn对棉花生长和产量的影响作用, 表现为相互拮抗作用关系.棉花叶的Ca、K、Mg、B和Fe含量以及铃的Cu和Zn含量高于其他组织, Na和Mn不易迁移, 易富集在棉花根部.Zn在盐胁迫条件下影响棉花对营养元素的吸收, 使棉花体内相关营养元素含量发生变化, 进而影响棉花生长及产量.

       

    • 图  1  缺Zn与富Zn环境下不同电导率灌溉水的棉花株高、干物质重和皮棉产量变化

      Fig.  1.  Cotton plant height, dry weight and lint yields of different electrical conductivities in irrigation water with Zn deficiency and Zn-rich environment

      图  2  不同Zn浓度灌溉水的棉花株高、干物质重和皮棉产量

      Fig.  2.  Cotton plant heigh, dry weight and lint yields irrigated with water of different Zn concentration

      图  3  协同因子与棉花生长和产量相对值关系

      实线表示SF=1,虚线为设定置信区间

      Fig.  3.  Synergy factor (SF) as a function of relative cotton growth and yields

      图  4  营养元素Na、K和Zn在棉花根及叶片含量分布

      Fig.  4.  The different contents of nutrient elements Na, K and Zn in cotton roots and leaves

      表  1  NaCl和Zn对棉花生长和产量交互作用两因子方差分析的显著性水平检验P

      Table  1.   P values for the two-way analyses of variance conduct to determine the interactive effects of NaCl and Zn on the cotton growth and yields

      来源 株高 根干重 地上部 皮棉产量
      (%) (g) (g) (g)
      P NaCl 0.015 0.001 0.010 0.965
      Zn 0.972 0.315 0.529 0.772
      NaCl+Zn 1.000 0.137 0.998 0.848
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  不同处理下棉花株高、干物质重和皮棉产量相对值

      Table  2.   The relative growth, dry weigh and lint yields of cotton in different treatments

      Na(mmol/L) Zn(μmol/L) 株高(cm) 干重(%)
      地上部 皮棉产量
      0 0.192 90.73 75.87 91.39 88.71
      5 0.192 96.04 66.54 90.89 96.35
      15 0.192 87.92 85.37 94.04 100.00
      25 0.192 83.71 66.36 82.01 74.89
      35 0.192 86.85 44.24 79.89 73.63
      45 0.192 81.75 47.71 72.46 88.38
      0 0.767 96.74 89.21 96.63 95.18
      5 0.767 95.07 64.72 87.61 67.49
      15 0.767 85.08 74.04 83.55 77.47
      25 0.767 76.23 62.71 75.62 80.42
      35 0.767 88.45 69.29 82.56 88.38
      45 0.767 82.89 74.41 76.90 77.33
      0 3.068 100.00 86.65 98.17 71.76
      5 3.068 96.61 69.65 94.25 82.53
      15 3.068 89.19 57.59 83.80 88.06
      25 3.068 83.97 52.10 85.08 85.57
      35 3.068 86.87 59.23 80.62 81.26
      45 3.068 78.09 49.18 76.08 72.46
      0 12.272 95.85 54.48 100.00 67.54
      5 12.272 98.04 47.71 92.96 85.01
      15 12.272 83.14 53.75 89.40 75.27
      25 12.272 88.01 51.19 83.85 96.35
      35 12.272 85.99 100.00 93.38 84.59
      45 12.272 82.45 63.99 81.62 69.32
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  不同NaCl和Zn浓度处理下棉花根、茎、叶和铃的营养元素含量

      Table  3.   Nutrient elements content in cotton roots, stems, leaves and bolls of different NaCl and Zn levels treatments

      组织样品 Na(mmol/L) Zn(μmol/L) 常量元素(mg·g-1 DW) 微量元素(μg·g-1 DW)
      Ca K Mg Na B Cu Fe Mn Zn
      5 0.192 3.2 13.2 2.0 6.3 14.8 5.0 262.5 119.2 9.3
      25 0.192 2.7 12.4 2.0 9.6 11.5 3.8 137.2 89.6 9.3
      45 0.192 2.2 11.4 1.6 9.7 9.9 3.2 83.2 70.1 6.5
      5 3.068 3.0 14.3 2.1 6.1 11.2 3.6 192.0 7.8 12.1
      25 3.068 2.6 13.0 1.8 10.4 10.7 3.0 147.9 7.2 10.0
      45 3.068 2.8 11.8 2.0 11.4 10.6 3.4 154.9 7.7 15.4
      5 12.272 2.4 13.4 1.6 4.8 11.0 3.0 115.7 62.6 5.9
      25 12.272 2.8 13.6 1.8 11.7 11.7 3.1 132.5 93.4 5.9
      45 12.272 2.2 10.1 1.6 14.6 10.8 3.1 88.8 60.9 4.8
      5 0.192 5.2 14.2 2.5 5.2 10.7 2.5 26.7 6.9 11.5
      25 0.192 4.6 12.5 2.5 9.9 8.1 2.9 13.8 7.6 17.3
      45 0.192 4.7 11.5 2.1 12.0 8.5 3.8 7.1 7.7 16.0
      5 3.068 6.1 18.8 3.0 5.2 11.5 2.8 49.3 6.9 11.0
      25 3.068 5.8 14.8 2.4 13.4 12.4 2.7 46.5 7.8 11.2
      45 3.068 5.1 13.1 2.2 14.1 11.7 3.3 42.7 7.6 16.7
      5 12.272 4.7 13.8 2.4 4.4 6.8 2.2 11.9 5.9 11.6
      25 12.272 4.4 11.8 2.1 12.4 7.3 3.6 32.5 6.4 11.5
      45 12.272 4.5 10.3 2.1 16.8 8.9 3.3 15.9 6.2 18.6
      5 0.192 30.8 31.2 6.2 5.1 88.9 6.9 229.7 56.0 20.9
      25 0.192 32.4 26.5 6.3 9.5 87.7 5.5 381.8 67.5 24.6
      45 0.192 30.2 29.2 6.5 9.0 91.5 5.9 274.9 65.7 24.1
      5 3.068 34.4 28.9 6.4 6.5 96.4 3.7 235.5 59.0 22.2
      25 3.068 34.2 22.5 6.7 10.3 100.5 4.4 385.4 73.4 26.6
      45 3.068 27.1 22.9 6.5 10.7 94.3 4.3 300.3 66.8 26.3
      5 12.272 32.4 27.2 6.5 4.6 89.7 5.6 301.5 59.9 31.5
      25 12.272 35.2 22.3 6.6 10.6 90.8 5.5 307.0 65.4 23.4
      45 12.272 32.7 20.9 7.2 10.2 97.1 5.2 343.6 60.2 32.3
      5 0.192 2.6 11.4 1.7 0.3 12.6 121.1 63.8 13.4 31.1
      25 0.192 3.1 15.5 1.9 0.6 16.0 90.9 57.7 12.7 30.5
      45 0.192 3.0 18.1 2.2 1.1 15.0 82.2 56.5 14.7 39.3
      5 3.068 3.1 9.8 1.6 0.3 11.6 552.9 174.0 16.8 69.8
      25 3.068 2.2 11.6 1.5 0.5 10.0 210.5 57.2 13.5 40.7
      45 3.068 2.1 10.3 1.3 0.7 10.3 330.3 68.7 13.7 46.4
      5 12.272 3.6 17.2 2.2 0.4 17.3 118.4 66.8 58.8 29.7
      25 12.272 2.9 19.5 2.0 1.0 17.2 162.0 64.7 14.7 40.4
      45 12.272 2.4 17.4 1.8 0.9 15.2 161.2 54.6 14.1 38.4
      注:DW为干物质重量.
      下载: 导出CSV
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