鄂西南齐岳山须家河组物源及构造背景：来自岩石学、地球化学和锆石年代学的制约

田洋; 谢国刚; 王令占; 涂兵; 赵小明; 曾波夫

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2015.180

鄂西南齐岳山须家河组物源及构造背景：来自岩石学、地球化学和锆石年代学的制约

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.180

田洋^{1, 2,},
谢国刚^{1, 2, ,},
王令占^{1, 2},
涂兵^{1, 2},
赵小明^{1, 2},
曾波夫^{1, 2}

1.
中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心，湖北武汉 430205
2.
中国地质调查局古生物与生命-环境协同演化重点实验室，湖北武汉 430205

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41240016

中国地质调查局基础地质调查项目 1212010911016

中国地质调查局基础地质调查项目 12120113063200

详细信息

作者简介:
田洋(1984-)，男，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事沉积大地构造学研究.E-mail: 41834572@qq.com

通讯作者:
谢国刚，E-mail: 155396407@qq.com

中图分类号: P54
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-05-12
- 刊出日期: 2015-12-15

Provenance and Tectonic Settings of Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Qiyueshan Area, Southwest Hubei: Evidences from Petrology, Geochemistry and Zircon U-Pb Ages of Clastic Rocks

Tian Yang^{1, 2
,},
Xie Guogang^{1, 2
, ,},
Wang Lingzhan^{1, 2},
Tu Bing^{1, 2},
Zhao Xiaoming^{1, 2},
Zeng Bofu^{1, 2}

1.
Wuhan Center, China Geological Survey, Wuhan 430205, China
2.
Key Laboratory for Paleontology and Coevolution of Life and Environment, China Geological Survey, Wuhan 430205, China

摘要

摘要: 为揭示鄂西南齐岳山地区晚三叠世须家河组物源与构造背景，以周家湾与颜家沟剖面为代表，对须家河组碎屑岩的颗粒组分、元素组成以及锆石年龄进行测试与统计.结果显示：砂岩碎屑颗粒石英含量高、岩屑与长石含量低，平均值分别为76.15%、8.90%与3.45%，具有锆石-板钛矿-磁铁矿-榍石-电气石重矿物组合，反映源岩以酸性岩或低级变质岩为主，Dickinson判别图解表明物源主要来自再旋回造山带；砂岩(TFe₂O₃+MgO)^*与TiO₂^*含量低，Al₂O₃/SiO₂比值低，K₂O/Na₂O比值高，最接近被动大陆边缘特征值；泥岩成分变异指数ICV分布于0.32~0.79之间，平均值为0.56，反映物源主要为再旋回沉积物；样品稀土元素配分模式、特征微量元素含量及比值指示晚三叠世沉积构造背景为被动与活动大陆边缘；碎屑锆石分为磨圆与自形两类，磨圆者具有2 480 Ma、1 880 Ma、832 Ma年龄峰值(n=133)，年龄频数分特征与扬子陆块最接近；自形锆石具有435 Ma、217 Ma年龄峰值(n=42)，年龄频数分布特征与秦岭造山带和雪峰造山带花岗岩年龄具有很好的对应关系.结合物源与构造背景判别图解，上述特征综合表明须家河组形成于被动大陆边缘(为主)与活动大陆边缘环境，其物源来自东南的雪峰造山带(为主)与北侧的秦岭造山带.
- 物源 /
- 构造背景 /
- 地球化学 /
- 碎屑组分 /
- 碎屑锆石 /
- 须家河组 /
- 鄂西南
Abstract: For revealing provenance and tectonic settings of Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Qiyueshan area, Southwest Hubei, detrital compositions, major, trace and rare earth elements, and zircon isotope ages of clastic rocks from Zhoujiawan and Yanjiagou sections were tested and analyzed. All sandstone samples are rich in quartz (Q), poor in lithic fragments (L) and feldspar (F), with an average of 76.15%, 8.90% and 3.45% respectively, Q/(Q+F+L) being averaged at 0.86, featuring with heavy mineral assemblage of zircon-brookite-magnetite-sphene-tourmaline, which suggests an acidic or low-grade metamorphic source. Dickinson discrimination diagrams show provenance mainly from recycled orogen. The sandstones are characterized by low (TFe₂O₃+MgO)^* (1.3%, 1.5%, average for Zhoujiawan and Yanjiagou sections respectively), low TiO₂^* (0.37%, 0.39%), low Al₂O₃/SiO₂ (0.10, 0.12) and high K₂O/Na₂O(4.89, 40.01), which are most similar to the characteristics of passive continental margin. The index of compositional variation (ICV: 0.32~0.79, average: 0.56) for mudstones implies the source materials are mainly recycled sediments. The REE patterns, contents and ratios of specific trace elements indicate passive and active continental margin settings during Late Triassic. Detrital zircons can be divided into rounded and euhedral categories. As recycled zircons mostly, rounded zircons (> 500 Ma, n=133) are characterized by "core-edge" or "core-mantle-edge" structure. Three prominent age peaks, i.e. 2 480 Ma, 1 880 Ma and 832 Ma are obtained, suggesting fingerprint of Yangtze craton. Having two prominent age peaks 435 Ma and 217 Ma, cylindrical euhedral zircons (< 500 Ma, n=42) with typical oscillatory zoning possess the characteristics of Xuefeng and Qinling orogens. Combined with provenance and tectonic discrimination diagrams, these characteristics all above suggest that Xujiahe Formation deposited in passive (main) and active continental margin, and its provenances were from Xuefeng orogenic belt (main source) and Qinling orogen.
- provenance /
- tectonic setting /
- geochemistry /
- clastic composition /
- detrital zircon /
- Xujiahe Formation /
- Southwest Hubei

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图 1 研究区及邻区晚三叠世瑞替期沉积盆地格局(a)与研究区地质简图(b)

1.构造块体主运动方向；2.瑞替期盆地超覆方向；3.古水流方向；4.早三叠世前形成的隆起区域；5.中三叠世前形成的隆起区域；6.诺利期形成的隆起区域；7.瑞替早期陆相盆地；8.瑞替晚期陆相盆地；9.瑞替早期陆相盆地边界；10.瑞替晚期陆相盆地边界；11.省界；12.奥陶系-石炭系；13.二叠系；14.三叠系；15.侏罗系；16.须家河组；17.地层界线；18.断层线；19.地名；20.剖面位置；图a据梅冥相(2010)和屈红军等(2009)

Fig. 1. The distribution pattern of sedimentary basin for the Late Triassic Rhaetian in the research area and its adjacent areas (a) and geological sketch and section location of study area (b)

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图 2 周家湾剖面须家河组样品碎屑岩特征微量元素标准化蜘蛛网图

标准化值据Rudnick and Gao(2003)

Fig. 2. Normalized diagram of trace elements for Xujiahe Formation clastic rocks at Zhoujiawan section

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图 3 周家湾剖面须家河组砂岩(a)、泥岩(b)样品REE球粒陨石标准化配分模式

标准化值据Taylor and McLenna(1985)；上地壳值据Rudnick and Gao(2003)；PAAS据McLennan and Taylor(1991)

Fig. 3. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns for Xujiahe Formation clastic rocks at Zhoujiawan section

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图 4 周家湾剖面须家河组锆石阴极发光图像及分析点表面年龄

Fig. 4. Cathodoluminescence images with analytical spots and corresponding apparent ages of detrital zircons from Xujiahe Formation at Zhoujiawan section

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图 5 周家湾剖面须家河组碎屑锆石(a)与其中最年轻锆石(b) U-Pb同位素谐和图

Fig. 5. U-Pb concordia plots of detrital zircons from Xujiahe Formation at Zhoujiawan section (a) and the youngest group zircons (b)

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图 6 周家湾剖面须家河组碎屑锆石(a)、最年轻锆石(b) U-Pb谐和年龄频数直方图及与扬子、华北、华夏陆块及雪峰、秦岭造山带的对比(c)

华北数据据Liu et al.(2008c)；华夏陆块数据据于津海等(2006)和梁新权等(2013)；雪峰数据据Zhang et al.(2013)；秦岭造山带数据据杨文涛等(2012)

Fig. 6. Concordia age histogram of detrital zircons from Xujiahe Formation at Zhoujiawan section(a), and the youngest group zircons(b), and their comparisons with those of the Yangtze craton, North China block

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图 7 须家河组碎屑岩F2-F1物源判别图解

据Roser and Korsch(1988)

Fig. 7. Discrimination function diagram (F2-F1) for illustrating sedimentary provenance of Xujiahe Formation clastic rocks

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图 8 须家河组砂岩形成环境Q-F-L(a), Q_m-P-K(b), Q_m-F-L_t(c)判别

据Dickinson et al.(1983)

Fig. 8. Tectonic discrimination of Q-F-L (a), Q_m-P-K (b) and Q_m-F-L_t (c) for Triassic sandstones from Xujiahe Formation

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图 9 须家河组碎屑岩K₂O/Na₂O-SiO₂构造环境判别

PM.被动大陆边缘；ACM.活动大陆边缘；OIA.大洋岛弧；据Roser and Korsch(1986)

Fig. 9. Tectonic discrimination of the Xujiahe Formation clastic rocks base on K₂O/Na₂O-SiO₂

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表 1 须家河组砂岩碎屑颗粒含量统计(%)

Table 1. The detrital mineral compositions of sandstones in the Xujiahe Formation (%)

编号	Q	Q_m	Q_p	F	K	P	L_s	L_t	Q+F+L	Q_m/Q	Q/(Q+F+L)	K/F	填隙物
ZJW-21-1b	77	70	7	5	3	2	9	16	91	0.91	0.85	0.60	9
ZJW-22-1b	90	77	13	5	3	2	0	13	95	0.86	0.95	0.60	5
ZJW-27-1b	77	72	5	8	6	2	5	10	90	0.94	0.86	0.75	10
ZJW-27-2b	85	78	7	5	3	2	5	12	95	0.92	0.89	0.60	5
ZJW-30-1b	88	75	13	5	3	2	0	13	93	0.85	0.95	0.60	7
ZJW-31-1b	80	70	10	3	2	1	5	15	88	0.88	0.91	0.67	12
ZJW-35-1b	77	57	20	5	3	2	8	28	90	0.74	0.86	0.60	10
ZJW-40-1b	64	58	6	2	1	1	9	15	75	0.91	0.85	0.50	25
ZJW-44-1b	65	60	5	2	1	1	19	24	86	0.92	0.76	0.50	14
ZJW-48-1b	87	83	4	6	3	3	2	6	95	0.95	0.92	0.50	5
ZJW-48-2b	54	46	8	2	1	1	21	29	77	0.85	0.70	0.50	23
ZJW-53-1b	62	55	7	2	1	1	12	19	76	0.89	0.82	0.50	24
ZJW-54-1b	68	54	14	4	2	2	20	34	92	0.79	0.74	0.50	8
YJG-3-1b	78	68	10	8	4	4	6	16	92	0.87	0.85	0.50	8
YJG -4-1b	80	67	13	1	0	1	8	21	89	0.84	0.90	0.00	11
YJG -5-1b	73	70	3	1	1	0	14	17	88	0.96	0.83	1.00	12
YJG -7-1b	70	65	5	2	2	0	14	19	86	0.93	0.81	1.00	14
YJG -9-1b	83	70	13	0	0	0	10	23	93	0.84	0.89	—	7
YJG -10-2b	78	70	8	2	2	0	7	15	87	0.90	0.90	1.00	13
YJG -12-1b	87	62	25	1	1	0	4	29	92	0.71	0.95	1.00	8
样品平均值	76.15	66.35	9.80	3.45	2.10	1.35	8.90	18.70	88.50	0.87	0.86	0.63	11.50
ZJW平均值	74.92	65.77	9.15	4.15	2.46	1.69	8.85	18.00	87.92	0.88	0.85	0.57	12.08
YJG平均值	78.43	67.43	11.00	2.14	1.43	0.71	9.00	20.00	89.57	0.86	0.87	0.75	10.43
注：ZJW.周家湾剖面；YJG.颜家沟剖面；Q、Q_m等代号的含义详见正文第2部分："样品采集与分析".

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表 2 周家湾剖面须家河组碎屑岩主量元素分析结果(10^-2)

Table 2. Major elements contents of clastic rocks from Xujiahe Formation at Zhoujiawan section (10^-2)

送样号岩性	16-lh泥岩	17-lh泥岩	20-lh泥岩	21-lh砂岩	22-lh砂岩	32-lh砂岩	37-lh泥岩	44-lh砂岩	44-2h砂岩	44-3h泥岩	53-lh砂岩	55-lh泥岩	周家湾剖面			颜家沟剖面
送样号岩性	16-lh泥岩	17-lh泥岩	20-lh泥岩	21-lh砂岩	22-lh砂岩	32-lh砂岩	37-lh泥岩	44-lh砂岩	44-2h砂岩	44-3h泥岩	53-lh砂岩	55-lh泥岩	样品均值(n=12)	砂岩均值(n=6)	泥岩均值(n=6)	样品均值(n=14)	砂岩均值(n=ll)	泥岩均值(n=3)
SiO₂	59.38	55.5	59.99	88.88	88.09	90.23	72.85	81.11	80.91	64.12	81.87	71.82	74.56	85.18	63.94	80.4	84.14	66.68
Al₂O₃	22.01	20.73	20.47	6.75	7.67	6.15	14.5	12.31	12.31	20.79	9.71	16.16	14.13	9.15	19.11	11.74	9.69	19.24
TFe₂O₃	4.92	8.89	5.66	1.05	0.59	0.64	3.72	0.84	0.9	1.64	1.97	2.29	2.76	1	4.52	1.5	1.29	2.26
CaO	0.32	0.47	0.1	0.08	0.06	0.03	0.04	0.09	0.07	0.12	0.15	0.11	0.14	0.08	0.19	0.29	0.28	0.32
MgO	1.69	2.34	2.07	0.19	0.18	0.15	1.34	0.23	0.26	0.76	0.7	0.9	0.9	0.29	1.52	0.31	0.18	0.81
K₂O	3.97	3.71	4.24	1.22	1.4	1.67	4.02	3.19	3.15	4.79	1.6	3.25	3.018	2.038	3.997	2.33	1.65	4.82
Na₂O	0.17	0.15	0.14	1.01	1.1	0.19	0.23	0.46	0.33	0.17	1.01	0.26	0.435	0.683	0.187	0.09	0.08	0.14
TiO₂	0.9	0.83	0.81	0.1	0.13	0.28	0.73	0.52	0.61	1.03	0.56	1.06	0.63	0.367	0.893	0.52	0.38	1.03
P₂O₅	0.06	0.27	0.13	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.04	0.08	0.05	0.061	0.025	0.097	0.03	0.02	0.04
MnO	0.07	0.05	0.02	0.01	0	0	0.02	0	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.019	0.005	0.033	0.01	0.01	0.01
灼失	5.96	6.63	5.91	1.07	1.22	1.05	2.93	1.67	1.84	6.09	1.94	4.47	3.4	1.47	5.33	2.72	2.24	4.5
总和	99.45	99.57	99.54	100.38	100.45	100.4	100.41	100.44	100.4	99.56	99.6	100.4	100.05	100.28	99.82	99.84	99.85	99.79
TiO₂^*	0.96	0.89	0.87	0.1	0.13	0.28	0.75	0.53	0.62	1.1	0.57	1.1	0.66	0.37	0.95	0.53	0.39	1.08
(TF₂O₃+MgO)^*	7.07	12.08	8.26	1.25	0.78	0.8	5.19	1.08	1.18	2.57	2.73	3.33	3.86	1.3	6.42	1.87	1.5	3.23
AI₂O₃/SiO₂	0.37	0.37	0.34	0.08	0.09	0.07	0.2	0.15	0.15	0.32	0.12	0.23	0.21	0.11	0.31	0.15	0.12	0.29
K₂O/Na₂O	23.35	24.73	30.29	1.21	1.27	8.79	17.48	6.93	9.55	28.18	1.58	12.5	13.82	4.89	22.75	38.6	40.01	33.41
nK₂/nNa₂O	15.37	16.27	19.93	0.79	0.84	5.78	11.5	4.56	6.28	18.54	1.04	8.22	9.09	3.22	14.97	25.39	26.32	21.98
K₂0/(Ca0+Na₂0)	8.1	5.98	17.67	1.12	1.21	7.59	14.89	5.8	7.88	16.52	1.38	8.78	8.08	4.16	11.99	5.92	4.73	10.32
ICV	0.55	0.79	0.64	0.54	0.45	0.48	0.7	0.43	0.43	0.41	0.62	0.49	0.54	0.49	0.6	0.45	0.43	0.5
FI	-0.70	1.09	-1.96	-5.59	-5.60	-7.52	-5.54	-5.86	-6.05	-3.89	-5.09	-4.55	-4.27	-5.95	-2.59	-4.84	-4.97	-4.34
F2	-2.03	-4.22	-2.55	-3.56	-2.97	-3.96	-1.89	-0.97	-1.24	0.91	-3.39	-1.79	-2.31	-2.68	-1.93	-2.96	-3.95	0.68

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表 3 周家湾剖面须家河组碎屑岩微量及稀土元素分析结果(10^-6)

Table 3. Trace elements contents of clastic rocks from Xujiahe Formation at Zhoujiawan section (10^-6)

送样号岩性	16-lh泥岩	17-lh泥岩	20-lh泥岩	21-lh砂岩	22-lh砂岩	32-lh砂岩	37-lh泥岩	44-lh砂岩	44-2h砂岩	44-3h泥岩	53-lh砂岩	55-lh泥岩	周家湾剖面			颜家沟剖面
送样号岩性	16-lh泥岩	17-lh泥岩	20-lh泥岩	21-lh砂岩	22-lh砂岩	32-lh砂岩	37-lh泥岩	44-lh砂岩	44-2h砂岩	44-3h泥岩	53-lh砂岩	55-lh泥岩	样品均值(n=12)	砂岩均值(n=6)	泥岩均值(n=6)	样品均值(n=14)	砂岩均值(n=ll)	泥岩均值(n=3)
Pb	37.20	17.16	8.19	1.83	1.48	3.89	49.38	4.12	16.38	107.19	10.25	22.10	23.26	6.32	40.20	18.52	16.13	27.30
Zn	53.55	68.14	64.74	8.08	6.36	6.39	161.56	51.08	55.12	165.03	29.69	62.90	61.05	26.12	95.99	20.29	16.05	35.83
Cr	109.29	97.42	102.37	232.03	193.78	211.92	176.89	201.08	148.92	125.51	203.04	130.51	161.06	198.46	123.66	36.80	24.64	81.40
V	155.47	135.56	135.87	30.71	27.10	30.44	123.82	58.81	68.81	127.08	76.80	137.74	92.35	48.78	135.92	54.55	34.52	128.00
Co	58.66	21.37	10.15	1.47	1.61	1.11	27.43	3.27	9.34	21.50	7.51	11.35	14.56	4.05	25.08	2.77	2.68	3.09
Rb	221.74	172.33	195.90	33.67	38.10	46.86	155.82	90.91	91.45	191.85	52.08	158.33	120.75	58.84	182.66	89.20	53.80	219.00
Sr	71.14	83.24	71.61	24.82	25.86	20.62	48.70	28.64	23.56	59.22	48.02	84.66	49.17	28.59	69.76	28.83	19.49	63.07
Sc	19.17	21.49	19.09	2.41	2.43	2.96	14.06	8.33	8.81	19.68	6.99	15.35	11.73	5.32	18.14	10.71	6.61	25.73
U	5.69	4.27	3.83	0.65	0.68	1.08	2.96	2.06	2.45	4.38	1.62	4.16	2.82	1.42	4.22	2.57	1.44	6.72
Th	21.71	18.73	19.22	3.42	3.58	6.58	13.30	10.20	10.29	19.77	7.56	14.62	12.42	6.94	17.89	9.49	7.79	15.73
Zr	205.55	148.36	151.67	56.08	73.93	169.95	224.68	273.52	410.95	270.47	115.11	286.31	198.88	183.26	214.51	—	—	—
Hf	5.69	4.33	4.57	1.63	2.12	5.12	5.87	7.46	10.70	7.37	3.26	7.60	5.48	5.05	5.91	—	—	—
La	40.28	49.05	54.35	14.64	18.90	20.77	57.63	45.37	22.91	78.74	36.36	45.65	40.39	26.49	54.28	46.64	41.12	66.87
Ce	101.41	96.68	100.19	25.79	33.74	37.70	107.88	79.54	43.25	171.14	72.16	86.33	79.65	48.70	110.60	75.16	65.01	112.40
Pr	9.45	11.01	11.47	2.85	3.74	3.96	11.52	9.53	4.86	17.90	8.27	9.52	8.67	5.54	11.81	9.35	8.41	12.78
Nd	34.50	42.18	41.57	10.14	13.53	13.83	42.52	35.68	17.73	66.77	30.67	36.00	32.09	20.26	43.92	31.16	28.73	40.10
Sm	7.30	9.81	6.05	1.54	2.26	2.29	7.44	6.20	3.36	11.78	5.22	6.84	5.84	3.48	8.20	4.98	4.76	5.77
Eu	1.36	2.07	1.19	0.38	0.57	0.40	1.62	1.18	0.72	2.32	1.12	1.54	1.21	0.73	1.68	0.91	0.87	1.07
Gd	6.58	8.65	4.75	1.26	1.88	1.68	6.20	4.90	2.91	10.39	4.21	6.38	4.98	2.81	7.16	4.09	3.80	5.18
Tb	1.18	1.42	0.79	0.19	0.27	0.29	1.01	0.77	0.48	1.75	0.64	1.11	0.82	0.44	1.21	0.58	0.52	0.79
Dy	6.68	7.53	4.67	0.99	1.38	1.78	5.49	4.27	2.56	9.76	3.30	6.29	4.56	2.38	6.74	3.15	2.69	4.85
Ho	1.25	1.38	0.96	0.20	0.26	0.35	1.14	0.83	0.51	2.04	0.61	1.26	0.90	0.46	1.34	0.61	0.50	1.01
Er	3.54	3.76	2.94	0.62	0.74	1.16	3.60	2.54	1.53	6.00	1.82	3.72	2.67	1.40	3.93	1.75	1.41	3.01
Tm	0.58	0.56	0.48	0.10	0.11	0.18	0.61	0.41	0.26	0.95	0.28	0.60	0.43	0.22	0.63	0.32	0.25	0.56
Yb	3.49	3.57	2.93	0.63	0.74	1.13	3.74	2.35	1.68	5.49	1.62	3.46	2.57	1.36	3.78	2.14	1.68	3.84
Lu	0.54	0.59	0.48	0.10	0.11	0.17	0.64	0.39	0.29	0.90	0.27	0.57	0.42	0.22	0.62	0.31	0.24	0.56
Rb/Sr	3.12	2.07	2.74	1.36	1.47	2.27	3.20	3.17	3.88	3.24	1.08	1.87	2.46	2.21	2.71	2.91	2.76	3.45
Sc/Cr	0.175	0.221	0.187	0.010	0.013	0.014	0.080	0.041	0.059	0.157	0.034	0.118	0.092	0.029	0.156	0.310	0.300	0.350
La/Sc	2.10	2.28	2.85	6.08	7.79	7.01	4.10	5.45	2.60	4.00	5.20	2.97	4.37	5.69	3.05	5.54	6.34	2.63
Th/U	3.82	4.39	5.01	5.28	5.30	6.12	4.49	4.94	4.20	4.51	4.68	3.51	4.69	5.09	4.29	5.38	5.90	3.47
ΣREE	218.15	238.26	232.82	59.45	78.23	85.70	251.05	193.98	103.05	385.95	166.56	209.26	185.20	114.49	255.91	181.16	159.98	258.80
ΣL/ΣH	8.15	7.68	11.93	13.49	13.23	11.71	10.19	10.78	9.08	9.35	12.06	7.95	10.47	11.73	9.21	13.51	13.79	12.49
Ce/Ce^*	1.19	0.94	0.90	0.89	0.89	0.92	0.93	0.86	0.92	1.04	0.95	0.93	0.95	0.91	0.99	0.79	0.77	0.83
Eu/Eu^*	0.59	0.67	0.66	0.81	0.83	0.60	0.71	0.63	0.69	0.63	0.71	0.70	0.69	0.71	0.66	0.61	0.61	0.60
La/Yb	11.54	13.73	18.52	23.20	25.45	18.44	15.43	19.28	13.66	14.34	22.48	13.18	17.44	20.42	14.46	23.69	25.57	16.81
(La/Yb)_N	7.80	9.28	12.51	15.68	17.20	12.46	10.43	13.03	9.23	9.69	15.19	8.90	11.78	13.80	9.77	16.01	17.28	11.36
(La/Yb)_ucc	0.73	0.87	1.17	1.47	1.61	1.17	0.98	1.22	0.86	0.91	1.42	0.83	1.10	1.29	0.91	1.50	1.62	1.06
注：ΣL/ΣH为轻重稀土比值，下标N表示元素相对于球粒陨石标准化; 下标UCC表示元素相对于上陆壳标准化; Eu/Eu* =2XEu_N/(Sm_N+Gd_N)_; C_e/Ce^*=2XCe_N/aa_N+Nd_N); 上地壳值据Rudnick and Gao(2003); 球粒陨石值据Taylor and McLennan(1985); 颜家沟剖面数据据田洋等(2015).

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表 4 须家河组砂岩与不同构造环境杂砂岩主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素特征参数的对比

Table 4. Comparison major, trace and rare earth elements characteristics of Xujiahe Formation sandstones with graywackes in different tectonic settings

构造环境	大洋岛弧	大陆岛弧	活动大陆边缘	被动大陆边缘	周家湾剖面	颜家沟剖面^*
(TFe₂O₃+MgO)^*	8.00~14.00	5.00~8.00	2.00~5.00	富SiO₂、贫Na₂O、CaO、TiO₂	1.30	1.50
TiO₂^*	0.80~1.40	0.50~0.70	0.25~0.45		0.37	0.39
Al₂O₃/SiO₂	0.24~0.33	0.15~0.22	—		0.11	0.12
K₂O/Na₂O	0.20~0.40	0.40~0.80	≈1.00		4.89	40.01
Zn	89.00±18.60	74.00±9.80	52.00±8.60	26.00±12.00	26.12	16.05
Co	18.00±6.30	12.00±2.70	10.00±1.70	5.00±2.40	4.05	2.68
Sc	19.50±5.20	14.80±1.70	8.00±1.10	6.00±1.40	5.32	6.61
Nb	2.00±0.40	8.50±0.80	0.70±1.40	7.90±1.90	7.68	—
V	131.00±40.00	89.00±13.70	48.00±5.90	31.00±9.90	48.78	34.52
Zr	96.00±20.00	229.00±27.00	179.00±33.00	298.00±80.00	183.26	—
Hf	2.10±0.60	6.30±2.00	6.80	10.10	5.05	—
Nd	11.36±2.90	20.80±1.60	25.40±3.40	29.00±5.03	20.26	28.73
La/Sc	0.55±0.22	1.82±0.30	4.55±0.80	6.25±1.35	5.69	6.34
Rb/Sr	0.05±0.05	0.65±0.33	0.89±0.24	1.19±0.40	2.21	2.76
Sc/Cr	0.57±0.16	0.32±0.06	0.30±0.02	0.16±0.02	0.029	0.30
Th/U	2.10±0.78	4.6±0.45	4.80±0.38	5.60±0.70	5.09	5.90
注：主量元素含量的单位为10^-2，据Bhatia(1983)；微量、稀土元素含量的单位为10^-6，据Bhatia and Crook(1986)；颜家沟剖面^*数据据田洋等(2015).

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表 5 须家河组砂岩与不同构造环境杂砂岩稀土元素特征参数的对比(据Bhatia, 1985)

Table 5. Comparison REE characteristics of Xujiahe Formation sandstones with graywackes in different tectonic settings

构造环境物源类型	大洋岛弧未切割的岩浆弧	大陆岛弧切割岩浆弧	活动大陆边缘隆升的基底	被动大陆边缘克拉通内部构造高地	砂岩平均值
构造环境物源类型	大洋岛弧未切割的岩浆弧	大陆岛弧切割岩浆弧	活动大陆边缘隆升的基底	被动大陆边缘克拉通内部构造高地	周家湾剖面	颜家沟剖面^*
La	8.0±1.7	27.0±4.5	37	39	26.49	41.12
Ce	19.0±3.7	59.0±8.2	78	85	48.70	65.01
Eu/Eu^*	1.04±0.11	0.79±0.13	0.60	0.56	0.71	0.61
∑REE	58±10	146±20	186	210	114.49	159.98
∑LREE/∑HREE	3.8±0.9	7.7±1.7	9.1	8.5	11.73	13.79
La/Yb	4.2±1.3	11.0±3.6	12.5	15.9	20.42	25.57
(La/Yb)_N	2.8±0.9	7.5±2.5	8.5	10.8	13.80	17.28
注：稀土元素含量的单位为10^-6；颜家沟剖面数据^*据田洋等(2015).

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