珠江口盆地惠州凹陷北部边界断裂复合联接和转换

田巍; 何敏; 杨亚娟; 刘海伦; 袁勋; 吴森; 朱定伟; 梅廉夫

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2015.181

珠江口盆地惠州凹陷北部边界断裂复合联接和转换

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.181

田巍^1,,
何敏²,
杨亚娟²,
刘海伦¹,
袁勋¹,
吴森²,
朱定伟²,
梅廉夫^1, ,

1.
中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室，湖北武汉 430074
2.
中海石油有限公司深圳分公司，广东广州 510240

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项课题子课题 2011ZX05023-001-015

详细信息

作者简介:
田巍(1986-)，男，博士研究生，主要从事含油气盆地构造分析.E-mail: tianweijordan@163.com

通讯作者:
梅廉夫，E-mail: lfmei@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P548
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-05-13
- 刊出日期: 2015-12-15

Complex Linkage and Transformation of Boundary Faults of Northern Huizhou Sag in Pearl River Mouth Basin

1.
Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC Ltd., Guangzhou 510240, China

摘要

摘要: 边界断裂控制断陷盆地的形成和构造格局，不同边界断裂联接模式对不同类型盆地演化具有差异性.基于井控高精度3D地震资料，通过对边界断裂几何学特征描述和“四级小层”刻画，结合裂陷Ⅰ幕边界断裂不同区段的活动差异性以及与沉积中心迁移的空间匹配关系，剖析珠江口盆地惠州凹陷北部边界断裂的形成和演化.惠州凹陷北部边界断裂始新世早期分段孤立发育，逐渐以纵向和横向双向联接的模式发展.纵向联接为断层软联接和硬联接复合联接和转换，形成转换斜坡和横向背斜，控制凹(洼)陷的结构与演化，制约沉积中心及层序的迁移.横向联接表现为转换斜坡内横向断层的多阶段联接，联接过程可划分为孤立正断层、同向叠置及硬联接3个阶段，控制转换斜坡带内沉积体系的发育和展布.研究给出了一个裂陷盆地边界断裂时空演化、复合联接和转换模式的独特案例，对丰富裂陷盆地边界断裂及其与沉积层序、凹陷演化和区域动力学机制的响应关系的研究具有积极的意义和价值.
- 断裂联接 /
- 断裂转换 /
- 边界断裂 /
- 惠州凹陷 /
- 珠江口盆地 /
- 构造
Abstract: The formation and tectonic framework of a faulted basin are controlled by boundary fault, which have different types of basin evolution under different boundary connection modes. The purpose of this study is to recognize the linkage model of boundary faults of northern Huizhou sag in Zhu Ⅰ depression, Pearl River Mouth basin (PRMB), the South China Sea, which is a representative of global passive continental margin basins. Based on well controlling high-precision 3D seismic survey, the geometry of boundary faults and the framework of "four-order sequences" are determined in PRMB. The fault activities of different boundary fault sections and the spatial change of depocenters during rift episode Ⅰ are analyzed. An evolution model of boundary fault system in northern Huizhou sag, PRMB is established in this study. The results show that the northern bounding faults of northern Huizhou sag have an offset geometry in Early Eocene, characterized by along-strike and transverse two-way linkage. The along-strike linkage is a composite connection-transformation of "soft and hard" linkage, forming a relay ramp and transverse folds which restrict the structural evolution within Huizhou sag and the migration of its depocenters and sequences. The transverse linkage means the multiple-stage linkage of the transfer faults in relay ramp, including three stages, namely, isolated normal faulting, synthetic overlapping and hard linkage, which control the migration and distribution of depositional system within the relay ramp. This paper presents a unique case of spatial evolution, complex linkage and transformation model of boundary faults in a rift basin, which can facilitate further studies on the response relationship among the boundary fault, sedimentary sequence, sag evolution and regional dynamics mechanism.
- fault linkage /
- fault transformation /
- boundary fault /
- Huizhou sag /
- Pearl River Mouth basin /
- tectonics

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图 1 惠州凹陷北部区域位置

据中海油深圳分公司(2003)修改

Fig. 1. Regional location of northern Huizhou sag

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图 2 惠州凹陷北部构造纲要

区域位置见图 1中红色框

Fig. 2. Structural framework of northern Huizhou sag

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图 3 不同洼陷的结构样式

剖面AA′.HZ10洼；剖面BB′.HZ09洼；剖面CC′.HZ08洼和HZ14洼.测线位置依次见图 2

Fig. 3. Structural styles of different depressions

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图 4 横向断层剖面

平面位置见图 2中DD′，EE′

Fig. 4. The cross-sections showing the transverse faults

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图 5 惠州凹陷北部文昌组底界面(Tg)三维地质模型

①为亲F10横向断裂；②为亲F13横向断裂

Fig. 5. Three-dimensional geological model of Wenchang bottom surface (Tg), northern Huizhou sag

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图 6 断陷期北部边界断层F10活动速率分布

Fig. 6. Bar diagram showing the activity rates of the main bounding fault F10 in syn-rift stage

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图 7 沿F10走向的断层位移曲线

深色阴影区代表断层软联接，形成转换斜坡，浅色阴影区代表断层硬联接，形成横向褶皱

Fig. 7. Fault displacement profile along F10 showing the along-strike fault linkages

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图 8 洼陷层序迁移演化剖面

测线位置见图 2中的FF′

Fig. 8. The cross-section showing the sequence migration and evolution of depression in Huibei

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图 9 沿平行于转换斜坡走向的地震剖面

测线位置见图 2中GG′

Fig. 9. Seismic profile parallel to relay ramp's strike

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图 10 横向断层活动速率分布及对比

Fig. 10. Distribution and contrast of activity rates for transfer faults

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图 11 "四级小层"迁移反应横向断层发育次序

测线位置见图 2，HH′

Fig. 11. The migration of "Fourth layer" reflecting the order of transfer faults development

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图 12 边界断裂陡坡带及分段断层联接部位主要地震相类型

测线位置见图 13，II′和JJ′

Fig. 12. The main seismic facies types of steep slope zones and segment fault linkage part of border fault

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图 13 边界断裂系演化及其对沉积体系的控制作用

Fig. 13. Block diagrams showing the evolution of bounding fault system and the controlling effect on sedimentation

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图 14 转换斜坡带地震相特征

测线位置见图 13，KK′

Fig. 14. Characteristics of seismic facies in relay ramp

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图 15 断层复合联接和转换及结构演化与层序迁移

Fig. 15. Relationship between fault linkage, transform and structural evolution, sequence migration

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表 1 不同裂陷盆地边界断裂模式

Table 1. Border fault patterns under different rift basin types

盆地类型	边界模式	实例	相关文献
陆内裂陷盆地(大陆裂谷)	软联接为主(转换带)	东非裂谷系莱茵地堑系贝加尔裂谷	Morley et al., 1990 Younes and McClay, 2002 Hus et al., 2006
陆间裂陷盆地	硬联接为主(横向褶皱)	红海-亚丁湾苏伊士湾	Jackson et al., 1988 McClay et al., 1998 Chris et al., 2002 Bosworth et al., 2005
被动大陆边缘盆地	复合联接(转换斜坡和横向褶皱并存)	大西洋两侧的大陆边缘南海北部陆坡	Shelton, 1984 Bally, 1981

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表 2 横向断层几何要素统计

Table 2. Statistic of geometry elements for transfer faults

断层名称	断开层位	文昌组
断层名称	断开层位	延伸长度(km)	走向(°)	倾角(°)	最大断距(km)
F10-1	Tg-T80	2.4	SEE116.2	40~50	1.105
F10-2	Tg-T80	3.1	SEE135.1	70	1.489
F10-3	Tg-T80	1.8	SEE106.7	35~50	0.671
F13-1	Tg-T80	3.5	NW48.1	30~40	1.624
F13-2	Tg-T80	6.9	NW59.7	40~50	1.464
F13-3	Tg-T80	2.6	NW54.5	30~40	1.182

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