Inversion of the Physical Properties of the Seabed Using Chirp Sub-Bottom Data in Mud Volcanoes Field of the Southwest of Dongsha Islands
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摘要: Chirp浅剖图像可以显示东沙群岛西南海域存在泥火山.通过基于Chirp浅剖记录数据的反演方法研究，定量地分析泥火山区海底物性参数.首先由Chirp浅剖记录的反射振幅计算了海底反射系数，结果表明泥火山区的反射变化很大(0.1~0.8).对于海底弱反射(＜0.45) 区域，用Schock-Stoll模型以及物理参数间的经验公式反演海底浅表层物理性质参数(速度、密度、孔隙度等参数)；对于海底强反射(＞0.45) 区域，用Gardner经验公式反演海底浅表层物理性质参数.反演结果表明研究区海底物性变化大，声速最高达5 237 m/s，密度最大为2.673 g/cm3.反演的物性参数与实验室测量值吻合度较高.Chirp浅剖数据反演是一种有效可行的遥测海底声学参数方法.Abstract: Mud volcanoes are imaged from Chirp sub-bottom profiles across the southwest of Dongsha Islands. In order to quantify the physical properties of the seabed, this paper studies the inversion of the Chirp sub-bottom data. First, reflection coefficients of the seabed are calculated, the results show that the reflection magnitudes of the seabed vary from 0.1-0.8. The physical properties (velocity, density, porosity etc.) of the seabed are obtained by the Schock-Stoll Model and the empirical relationships among the physical properties for the part reflection coefficients smaller than 0.45, and the physical properties (velocity and density) of the seabed are obtained by Gardner empirical equation for the part reflection coefficients larger than 0.45. Results of the inversion show that the physical properties vary greatly with the maximum velocity of 5 237 m/s and density of 2.673 g/cm3. The Chirp data-based physical properties highly coincide with the laboratory measurements for sampled sediments, thus provides us a remote acoustic method for estimating the physical properties of the seabed.
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图 4 测线2008gh1_1浅层剖面图及海底物理性质参数剖面
a.浅层剖面；b.反射系数剖面；c.孔隙度剖面；d.为声速-密度剖面；e.Ping号2 000~3 000的声速-密度剖面
Fig. 4. Profile of sub-bottom and physical properties of line 2008gh1_1
图 5 (a)含海底二次反射波的浅层剖面测线lcde002；(b)测线lcde002海底反射系数剖面
Fig. 5. (a) Sub-bottom profile of Line lcde002 with the first seabed multiple wave; (b) Reflection coefficients profile of Line lcde002
图 6 海底反射系数与孔隙度关系
Fig. 6. The relationship between the seabed reflection coefficients and the porosity
图 7 Schock-Stoll模型和Gardner经验公式得到海底反射系数和声速的关系曲线
Fig. 7. Relationships between reflection coefficients and velocity by Schock-Stoll model and Gardner equation
表 1 SO95航次沉积采样声学实测数据*
Table 1. Measurements of the samples of the sites in SO95
站位 水深(m) Vp(m/s) 密度(g/cm3) 孔隙度(%) 17929 371 1 552 1.74 54.1 17930 629 1 633 1.56 64.7 17931 1 005 1 551 1.48 69.2 17932 1 365 1 447 1.33 70.8 17934 2 665 1 433 1.41 73.3 17935 3 143 1 631 1.40 73.5 17936 3 809 1 493 1.35 78.2 17937 3 428 1 535 1.40 73.2 17938 2 835 1 468 1.42 71.8 17939 2 473 1 506 1.37 74.1 17940 1 728 1 531 1.36 75.3 注：*数据由中国科学院南海海洋研究所卢博提供. 
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