Redefinition and Geological Significance of Jiamuhe Formation in Hala'alate Mountain of West Junggar, Xinjiang
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摘要: 岩石地层单位建立的正确与否，关乎区域地层序列、建造对比、盆地分析与构造演化等，是地质学最基础最重要的研究内容之一.新近1: 5万区域地质调查证实，西准噶尔哈拉阿拉特山地区的“佳木河组”，并非前人所述火山岩呈夹层状与陆相碎屑岩互层，实由下部陆相粗碎屑岩和上部火山岩构成，二者间为区域性角度不整合接触关系，相互独立且新老关系层序清楚，岩石组合差异性显著.上部火山岩构成较完整的火山机构，火山通道相集块岩、次火山岩及岩株、岩脉与陆相粗碎屑岩为侵入接触，火山喷发相中基性熔岩、凝灰岩与陆相粗碎屑岩呈角度不整合关系.下部陆相砾岩-含砾粗砂岩组合具有典型磨拉石建造特征，产早二叠世Paracalamites stenocostatus，Lepidodendrales等植物化石及孢粉Protohaploxypinus，Striatoabietites.依据中国地层指南、岩石地层单位清理相关规范，以及组的命名优先权原则，现将具有独立火山机构的全部陆相火山岩从原“佳木河组”剔出(新建为白杨河组)，将新建白杨河组之下伏的陆相砾岩-含砾粗砂岩组合重新清理厘定谓之佳木河组.这一成果，为正确建立本区地层格架，合理进行区域地层划分与对比等研究提供了重要佐证.Abstract: Lithostratigraphic units established correct or not, which is related to the regional stratum sequence, the comparison of the stratum, the analysis and the structural evolution of the basin, is one of the most important research contents in the study of geology. Recently, regional geological survey of 1:50 000 scale in Hala'alate area confirmed that "Jiamuhe Formation" in West Junggar was not previously described sandwich-like interbedded volcanic rocks and continental clastic rocks, but constituted by the lower continental coarse clastic rocks and the upper volcanic rocks with regional angular unconformity relations, clear sequence, and obvious rock associations. The upper portion of volcanic rocks develops complete volcanic edifice including volcanic channel with aggromerate and subvolcanic rocks, strains and dikes intruded continental coarse clastic rocks, and volcanic eruption with basic lavas and tuffs angular unconformity contacted with continental coarse clastic rocks. Moreover, the lower portion of terrestrial conglomerate-gravel coarse sandstone has typical molasse features, containing plant and pollen fossils in Early Permian, such as Paracalamites stenocostatus, Lepidodendrales, and Striatoabietites. Based on Stratigraphic Guide of China and stratum lithostratigraphic standard, as well as the principle of formation's naming priority, we remove the continental volcanic rocks with typical volcanic edifice from initial Jiamuhe Formation (redefining as Baiyanghe Formation), to update a new Jiamuhe Formation only including terrestrial conglomerate-gravel coarse sandstone. The results provide significant evidence for the correct establishment of the stratigraphic unit, a reasonable regional stratigraphic division and comparison.
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图 1 西准噶尔哈拉阿拉特山地区区域地质简图
a.据Chen et al.(2010)和王金荣等(2013)编绘；b.据1: 20万乌尔禾幅地质图编绘；c.据本文新填1: 5万地质图编绘.1.第四系；2.下二叠统白杨河组；3.下二叠统佳木河组第二段；4.下二叠统佳木河组第一段；5.下石碳统；6.上石炭统；7.上石炭统阿腊德伊克赛组；8.上石炭统哈拉阿拉特山组；9.下石炭统上段；10.下石炭统下段；11.下石炭统希贝库拉斯组；12.下石炭统包谷图组；13.辉绿岩株；14.乌尔禾花岗岩；15.实测逆断层；16.走滑断层；17.地质界线；18.角度不整合；19.植物化石点(图 9化石点产地)；20.地层产状；21.高程三角点；22.剖面位置
Fig. 1. A regional geological map of Hala'alate Mountain in the West Junggar
图 9 哈拉阿拉特山地区白杨河组火山岩(P1b)与佳木河组陆相碎屑岩(P1jm1)角度不整合关系
Fig. 9. Angular unconformity relations between volcanic of Baiyanghe Formation (P1b) and continental clastic of Jiamuhe Formation (P1jm1) in Hala'alate Mountain
图 2 哈拉阿拉特山地区下二叠统佳木河组划分沿革
上标1表示参考资料为：新疆石油管理局地调处勘探室郝服光等(1964)，准噶尔盆地西北缘地层古生物标准剖面研究总结及若干问题讨论；上标2表示参考资料为：新疆维吾尔自治区地质局(1979)，1: 20万《乌尔禾幅》a(L-45-XIV)区域地质调查报告
Fig. 2. A divided history table of the Lower Permian Jiamuhe Formation in Hala'alate Mountain
图 3 哈拉阿拉特山阿腊丹古尔本哈尔佳木河组(Ⅰ-Ⅰ′)实测剖面
图例同图 1；未标注的产状为地层产状；注明“(F)”的为断层产状
Fig. 3. Cross section (Ⅰ-Ⅰ′) of the Jiamuhe Formation in Aladan Goulburn Hal, Hala'alate Mountain
图 4 哈拉阿拉特山阿腊丹古尔本哈尔南西(Ⅱ-Ⅱ′)实测剖面
图例同图 1
Fig. 4. Cross section (Ⅱ-Ⅱ') in Southwest of Aladan Goulburn Hal, Hala'alate Mountain
图 5 哈拉阿拉特山阿腊丹古尔本哈尔南东的残存火山口
同例同图 1
Fig. 5. Residual crater in Southeast of Aladan Goulburn Hal, Hala'alate Mountain
图 6 哈拉阿拉特山阿腊丹古尔本哈尔南西剖面古火山机构地质简图
Fig. 6. Geological sketch of paleovolcanic apparatus in Southwest of Aladan Goulburn Hal, Hala'alate Mountain
图 7 哈拉阿拉特山古火山机构复原图
1.砾岩；2.砂岩；3.粉砂岩；4.集块岩；5.角砾岩；6.玄武岩；7.安山岩；8.凝灰岩；9.辉绿岩；10.下二叠统佳木河组；11.下二叠统白杨河组；12.上石炭统阿拉德依克赛组；13.地质界线
Fig. 7. Restored map of paleovolcanic apparatus in Hala'alate Mountain
图 8 佳木河组岩石组合及北翼陡(a)南翼缓(b)产状
a.砾岩与砂岩互层；b.砾岩夹砂岩
Fig. 8. Rock combination occurrence with steep north wing (a) and flat south wing (b)
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