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    细颗粒粘滑运动的能量耗散与释放试验

    崔德山 项伟 陈琼 王顺

    崔德山, 项伟, 陈琼, 王顺, 2016. 细颗粒粘滑运动的能量耗散与释放试验. 地球科学, 41(9): 1603-1610. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.519
    引用本文: 崔德山, 项伟, 陈琼, 王顺, 2016. 细颗粒粘滑运动的能量耗散与释放试验. 地球科学, 41(9): 1603-1610. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.519
    Cui Deshan, Xiang Wei, Chen Qiong, Wang Shun, 2016. Experiment of Energy Dissipation and Energy Release during Stick-Slip within Glass Beads. Earth Science, 41(9): 1603-1610. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.519
    Citation: Cui Deshan, Xiang Wei, Chen Qiong, Wang Shun, 2016. Experiment of Energy Dissipation and Energy Release during Stick-Slip within Glass Beads. Earth Science, 41(9): 1603-1610. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.519

    细颗粒粘滑运动的能量耗散与释放试验

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.519
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金项目 41272308

    国家自然科学基金项目 41002102

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      崔德山(1981-),男,副教授,博士,主要从事岩土体工程性质的教学与研究工作.E-mail: cuideshan@cug.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P642.2

    Experiment of Energy Dissipation and Energy Release during Stick-Slip within Glass Beads

    • 摘要: 近年来,利用断层产物以及其中的颗粒来研究断层或地震带的能量耗散与释放,已引起大家的重视.在围压分别为30 kPa、60 kPa、100 kPa、200 kPa、400 kPa和600 kPa的条件下,采用直径为0.6~0.8 mm的玻璃珠以0.02 mm/min的轴向应变速率进行干燥、松散细颗粒材料的固结不排水三轴压缩试验.为了减少轴向应变过大时主应力轴旋转产生的误差及其对做功的影响,试验只分析加载后轴向应变为10%时试样变形破坏过程中的能量耗散与能量释放特性.试验结果表明:随着围压的增大,主震频率减小、偏应力降幅增大,但偏应力降幅与最大偏应力的比值逐渐趋于稳定.粘滑运动过程中,在偏应力骤降瞬间,声发射强烈、试样体积收缩,说明能量控制着试样的变形与破坏特征,耗散结构能量越大,系统发生滑动的频率越小.粘滑运动过程可以表示为能量耗散与能量突然释放.最后,从热力学的角度分析滑动过程的3个阶段,得出粘滑运动为不可逆耗散能与可释放应变能共同作用的结果.

       

    • 图  1  静三轴仪

      Fig.  1.  Static electromechanical triaxial testing system

      图  2  不同围压条件下偏应力与轴向应变关系

      Fig.  2.  Deviatoric stress versus axial strain

      图  3  一次粘滑运动的定义

      Fig.  3.  Stick-slip definition

      图  4  应力-应变曲线中前震、主震和余震

      Fig.  4.  Foreshock, main shock and aftershocks

      图  5  最大偏应力降幅(ε=10%)(a)、Δq/qmax(b)与围压关系

      Fig.  5.  Relationships between Δq/qmax and cell pressure (a), Δqmax and cell pressure (b)

      图  6  偏应力、体变与轴向应变的关系

      Fig.  6.  Deviatoric stress and volumetric strain versus axial strain

      图  7  轴向力做功积分区间

      Fig.  7.  Integrating range for the work of axial force

      图  8  典型的粘滑运动过程中能量耗散与释放

      Fig.  8.  Energy dissipation and release of typical stick-slip motions

      图  9  颗粒表面不同形式擦痕

      Fig.  9.  Different Scratches of the granular surface

      表  1  不同围压条件下试样的峰值强度和摩擦角

      Table  1.   Peak strengths and friction angles of glass beads within different cell pressures

      编号高度(mm)直径(mm)围压(kPa)峰值强度(kPa)内摩擦角(°)
      UU_D1100503064.6231.23
      UU_D21005060130.6731.42
      UU_D310050100218.4531.47
      UU_D410050200442.4331.68
      UU_D510050400836.1830.73
      UU_D6100506001299.3131.32
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  不同围压条件下外力对试样所做的功

      Table  2.   The work of external force on the samples

      试样编号围压(kPa)固结阶段做功(N·m)加载阶段做功(N·m)外力总功(N·m)
      UU_D1300.0021.4691.471
      UU_D2600.0342.1702.203
      UU_D31000.2075.5715.778
      UU_D42000.45711.14711.604
      UU_D54007.31123.21430.525
      UU_D660011.63837.87949.517
      下载: 导出CSV
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    • 收稿日期:  2016-02-11
    • 刊出日期:  2016-09-15

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