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    西藏拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿含矿岩体年代学、地球化学及地质意义

    丁帅 唐菊兴 郑文宝 杨超 张志 王勤 王艺云

    丁帅, 唐菊兴, 郑文宝, 杨超, 张志, 王勤, 王艺云, 2017. 西藏拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿含矿岩体年代学、地球化学及地质意义. 地球科学, 42(1): 1-23. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.001
    引用本文: 丁帅, 唐菊兴, 郑文宝, 杨超, 张志, 王勤, 王艺云, 2017. 西藏拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿含矿岩体年代学、地球化学及地质意义. 地球科学, 42(1): 1-23. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.001
    Ding Shuai, Tang Juxing, Zheng Wenbao, Yang Chao, Zhang Zhi, Wang Qin, Wang Yiyun, 2017. Geochronology and Geochemistry of Naruo Porphyry Cu (Au) Deposit inDuolong Ore-Concentrated Area, Tibet, and Their Geological Significance. Earth Science, 42(1): 1-23. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.001
    Citation: Ding Shuai, Tang Juxing, Zheng Wenbao, Yang Chao, Zhang Zhi, Wang Qin, Wang Yiyun, 2017. Geochronology and Geochemistry of Naruo Porphyry Cu (Au) Deposit in Duolong Ore-Concentrated Area, Tibet, and Their Geological Significance. Earth Science, 42(1): 1-23. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.001

    西藏拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿含矿岩体年代学、地球化学及地质意义

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.001
    基金项目: 

    国土资源部公益性行业科研专项项目 201511017

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      丁帅(1987-),男,博士研究生,主要从事矿物学、岩石学、矿床学研究专业.ORCID:0000-0002-9837-9498.E-mail: 782628728@qq.com

      通讯作者:

      唐菊兴,ORCID:0000-0002-9162-6986.E-mail:tangjuxing@126.com

    • 中图分类号: P597

    Geochronology and Geochemistry of Naruo Porphyry Cu (Au) Deposit in Duolong Ore-Concentrated Area, Tibet, and Their Geological Significance

    • 摘要: 多龙矿集区是班公湖-怒江成矿带最重要的组成部分,其成矿规模巨大、时间跨度较长、成矿过程复杂,因而人们对该区成岩成矿地质背景及岩石成因等问题一直争议不断,值得进一步明确.通过研究矿集区中部拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿与成矿相关的花岗闪长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩地球化学特征及Hf同位素组成,并与区域邻近矿床进行详细地对比研究,查明了多龙地区与成矿相关的岩浆岩形成构造背景、岩石成因及深部动力学过程.测试结果表明拿若铜(金)矿形成时代为早白垩世120Ma左右,与多龙地区其他矿床形成时代一致.这些岩浆岩均相对富集轻稀土(LREE)与大离子亲石元素(LILE: Rb, Ba, K等);亏损重稀土(HREE )与高场强元素(HFSE: Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf等).原位锆石εHf(t)均为正值,为1.38~7.37,Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄tDM2为707~1086Ma,表明多龙矿集区斑岩-浅成低温热液型铜(金)矿形成与早白垩世班公湖-怒江特提斯洋北向俯冲有关.当俯冲洋壳到达地壳50~70km深度时发生不同程度相变,从而导致角闪石等矿物脱水产生的熔体交代楔形地幔,进而诱发幔源物质部分熔融产生弧岩浆,其形成环境类似于南美安第斯成矿带洋陆俯冲背景之下的陆缘弧环境.

       

    • 图  1  研究区位置(a),西藏地区构造分区(b),班公湖-怒江结合带及邻区构造单元(c)

      图b根据Hou et al.(2004)修改;图c根据耿全如等(2011)修改

      Fig.  1.  Geographic location(a),tectonic sketch in Tibet(b),tectonic units of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone and its neighboring areas(c)

      图  2  多龙地区地质图(a),拿若铜(金)矿地质图(b),拿若矿区A-A'剖面(c)

      锆石U-Pb数据据Li et al.(2011a,2011b,2013)、方向等(2015)以及祝向平等(2015)

      Fig.  2.  Geological sketch of Duolong area(a)and Naruo porphyry Cu(Au)deposit(b),Section A-A' of the Naruo deposit(c)

      图  3  拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿岩石、矿石脉体及蚀变照片

      a.斑岩型矿体;b.花岗闪长斑岩中浸染状金属矿物;c.长石石英砂岩中脉-网脉状矿体;d.含硫化物石英脉;e.角砾岩型矿体;f.角砾之间填充的金属矿物;g.含矿花岗闪长斑岩;h.含矿花岗闪长斑岩,发育弱钾化(样品用于LA-ICP-MS锆石测年及Hf同位素测试);i.含矿花岗闪长岩斑岩镜下照片;j.含矿花岗闪长岩斑岩镜下照片;k.不含矿花岗闪长斑岩,发育弱青磐岩化(样品用于LA-ICP-MS锆石测年及Hf同位素测试).Py.黄铁矿;Mt.磁铁矿;Cp.黄铜矿;Bn.斑铜矿;Cov.铜蓝;Sup.硫化物;Q.石英;Kfs.钾长石;Pl.斜长石;Bi.黑云母;Ep.绿帘石;Rut.金红石

      Fig.  3.  Photographs of rocks,ore minerals,veins and alterations in Naruo porphyry Cu(Au)deposit

      图  4  拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿区锆石CL图像、测点、U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素测试结果

      Fig.  4.  Zircon(CL)images with analysis spots,U-Pb ages and εHf(t)values from the Naruo porphyry Cu(Au)deposit

      图  5  拿若矿区花岗闪长斑岩锆石U-Pb谐和图及206Pb/238U加权平均年龄

      Fig.  5.  Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams and weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of the granodiorite porphyry from the Naruo deposit

      图  6  拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿花岗闪长斑岩地球化学图解

      a.A/CNK(摩尔)-A/NK(摩尔),底图据Peccerillo and Taylor(1976);b.稀土元素Cl球粒陨石标准化配分曲线;c.微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图;Cl球粒陨石及原始地幔值分别采用Boynton(1984)Sun and McDonough(1989);多龙地区含矿与不含矿花岗闪长斑岩数据李金祥等(2008)Li et al.(2013)以及陈华安等(2013);拿若矿区花岗闪长斑岩数据祝向平等(2015)

      Fig.  6.  Geochemical diagram of granodiorite porphyry from the Naruo porphyry Cu(Au)deposit

      图  7  拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿区锆石εHf(t)值频率分布

      以往研究数据祝向平等(2015)

      Fig.  7.  Frequency histogram of zircons εHf(t)value from Naruo porphyry Cu(Au)deposit

      图  8  多龙地区主要岩浆活动

      图中包括多不杂、波龙、拿若、拿顿、荣那5个矿床共计35个数据;数据佘宏全等(2009)李金祥等(2008)Li et al.(2011a,2011b,2013)、方向等(2015)陈华安等(2013)祝向平等(2015)及王勤等(2015)

      Fig.  8.  Age of main magmatic event in Duolong area

      图  9  拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿区花岗闪长斑岩地球化学图解

      a.Th/Ta-Yb,底图据Gorton and Schandl(2000);b.Th/Yb-Nb/Yb;底图据Pearce(1983);c.Th-Co-Zr/10;d.Th-Sc-Zr/10,底图据Bhatia and Crook(1986).A.洋岛弧;B.陆缘弧;C.活动大陆边缘;D.被动大陆边缘.图中符号同图 6a

      Fig.  9.  Geochemical discrimination diagrams of granodiorite porphyry from the Naruo porphyry Cu(Au)deposit

      图  10  拿若矿区花岗闪长斑岩岩石性质及源区判别

      a.Y-Sr/Y,底图据Defant and Drummond(1990);b.YbN-(La/Yb)N图解,底图据Martin(1999);c.Th/Ce-Th/Sm图解,底图据Boztuet al.(2007);d.Al2O3+FeOT+MgO+TiO2-Al2O3/(FeOT+MgO+TiO2)图解,底图据PatioDouce(1999);图中符号同图 6a

      Fig.  10.  Discriminant diagrams of rock properties and source region discrimination of Naruo granodiorite porphyry

      图  11  拿若矿区花岗闪长斑岩εHf(t)与U-Pb年龄关系

      部分数据祝向平等(2015);多龙地区数据李金祥等(2008)Li et al.(2013)以及陈华安等(2013)

      Fig.  11.  Plot of εHf(t)versus U-Pb ages of granodiorite porphyry from Naruo deposit

      图  12  多龙地区岩浆活动及矿床形成动力学模型

      Manning(2004)

      Fig.  12.  Geodynamic model for the generation of the magma and the formation of the deposit in Duolong area

      表  1  拿若矿区花岗闪长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素分析结果

      Table  1.   LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopes analyzed data of the granodiorite porphyry from the Naruo deposite

      样品点Pb(10-6)Th(10-6)U(10-6)Th/U同位素比值年龄(Ma)
      206Pb/238U1σ207Pb/235U1σ207Pb/206Pb1σ206Pb/238U1σ207Pb/235U1σ207Pb/206Pb1σ
      Z01-0151622550.630.01870.00020.14430.01230.05600.0048119.341.0513712453189
      Z01-0292654690.570.01860.00010.15530.00760.06060.0030118.790.801477623105
      Z01-03102935050.580.01890.00010.12520.00630.04790.0024120.960.77120695118
      Z01-0472273210.710.01880.00010.13500.00980.05200.0038120.300.871299285165
      Z01-053821640.500.01870.00020.13950.02040.05400.0081119.591.4713319372336
      Z01-0661863040.610.01880.00010.14130.00770.05440.0029120.360.891347387121
      Z01-0751232330.530.01890.00010.16050.01310.06150.0050120.920.9315112656174
      Z01-0893084130.750.01900.00010.17520.00810.06690.0029121.240.94164883690
      Z01-0941132050.550.01900.00030.13000.03070.04960.0119121.351.7312429176558
      Z01-1051242290.540.01910.00020.12930.01760.04920.0068121.691.0812317157323
      Z01-1181933910.490.01910.00010.12670.01060.04820.0038121.820.8912110108188
      Z01-123981590.620.01910.00020.13800.01850.05230.0072122.101.1813118300313
      Z15-01103875030.770.01850.00010.14120.00580.05550.0022117.960.79134543188
      Z15-0262192970.740.01850.00010.14670.01060.05750.0042118.140.8813910512160
      Z15-0383014290.700.01850.00010.13040.00590.05100.0023118.330.781246243104
      Z15-0461702860.600.01880.00020.14000.01030.05400.0038120.020.9713310372159
      Z15-05101455210.280.01870.00030.21190.01930.08240.0064119.131.84195181255152
      Z15-06114505280.850.01880.00010.14080.00630.05420.0024120.310.79134638099
      Z15-0751502510.600.01900.00010.12700.01050.04850.0040121.210.9212110126193
      Z15-0841092140.510.01880.00020.12600.01860.04860.0074120.021.0712118130357
      Z15-093801590.500.01880.00020.13220.01740.05100.0070120.001.1212617242316
      Z15-1081794410.410.01860.00010.13420.00840.05230.0032118.870.791288299140
      Z15-11145656890.820.01870.00010.11460.00430.04440.0016119.630.901104-9090
      注:因测得年龄<1000Ma,故采用206Pb/238U年龄.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿区花岗闪长斑岩的主量元素(%)和微量元素(10-6)分析结果

      Table  2.   Major elements(%)and trace elements(10-6)analytic data of the granodiorite porphyry from the Naruo porphyry Cu(Au)deposit

      岩性样品编号含矿花岗闪长斑岩不含矿花岗闪长斑岩
      Z01-125Z01-278Z07-263Z07-301Z08-239Z15-179Z15-255
      SiO265.0165.1364.5365.5464.8563.9164.71
      Al2O315.1914.1615.9815.8715.4515.5014.96
      Fe2O31.662.752.892.832.192.332.22
      FeO4.293.173.022.443.824.193.84
      MgO1.571.651.711.621.661.741.73
      CaO3.002.002.821.483.053.863.60
      K2O3.014.602.643.442.802.612.25
      TiO20.370.360.370.320.380.390.38
      MnO0.140.190.070.070.090.080.09
      P2O50.130.120.140.100.120.150.13
      LOSS2.554.342.573.462.672.172.73
      Total99.4598.5799.4499.1799.3799.6499.34
      FeOT5.795.645.624.985.796.285.84
      Mg#32.634.2735.1536.6833.8433.0634.56
      ANK2.052.742.192.262.272.182.13
      ACNK1.181.611.291.631.251.121.08
      Bi0.702.210.220.520.480.220.10
      Li28.3025.0530.4623.7621.5124.5827.53
      Be1.461.091.361.251.301.171.33
      Sc8.977.078.257.818.037.167.71
      V81.6259.8876.1387.6182.0174.1983.80
      Cr7.344.785.775.056.036.187.23
      Co9.337.536.226.058.098.358.80
      Ni5.964.623.832.696.547.3313.19
      Cu602.005 733.00399.30357.301 422.002 528.50356.30
      Pb12.5710.449.446.0710.6710.758.76
      Zn110.0577.2560.8750.0564.8467.4138.05
      Ga18.0415.6218.2718.0917.5617.9918.16
      Rb72.32193.7075.71133.1090.1263.5190.49
      Sr421.40421.70402.70208.20379.30453.85480.90
      Y12.077.9912.5712.848.939.359.59
      Zr95.1876.8291.6184.0897.4197.9289.95
      Nb8.816.595.265.277.296.787.88
      Cs18.3217.7116.6215.9810.9910.9228.79
      Ba615.70791.20515.70591.30425.90414.60482.50
      La12.609.3310.6015.448.7410.6010.72
      Ce18.7215.4216.1925.6012.5915.3015.64
      Pr2.842.352.603.891.892.262.29
      Nd11.289.2710.8615.567.619.039.07
      Sm2.191.882.202.961.471.741.73
      Eu0.600.690.630.810.510.570.58
      Gd1.881.861.962.711.401.591.59
      Tb0.350.350.370.500.260.280.28
      Dy1.901.982.082.711.411.551.52
      Ho0.350.320.380.470.260.290.28
      Er1.181.091.261.560.840.920.90
      Tm0.190.170.200.270.130.140.14
      Yb1.311.111.381.620.860.900.90
      Lu0.210.170.220.260.140.150.14
      Hf12.077.9912.5712.848.939.359.59
      Ta0.760.570.481.000.520.530.71
      Tl0.841.650.881.081.090.851.31
      Th9.939.068.076.766.597.077.36
      U1.120.880.870.750.370.490.64
      ΣREE55.5745.9950.9374.3838.1045.3245.79
      LREE48.2238.9343.0764.2832.8139.5040.03
      HREE7.357.067.8610.105.295.825.76
      LREE/HREE6.565.525.486.376.206.796.95
      δEu0.911.140.930.881.091.051.07
      δCe0.770.810.760.810.760.770.77
      LaN/YbN6.916.045.536.847.288.418.54
      注:A/CNK=(Al2O3)/(CaO+K2O+Na2O)摩尔比值;A/NK=(Al2O3)/(K2O+Na2O)摩尔比值;δEu=EuN/[(SmN)×(GdN)]1/2;δCe=CeN/[(LaN)×(PrN)]1/2.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  拿若斑岩型铜(金)矿区锆石Hf同位素分析结果

      Table  3.   Hf isotopes analyzed data of the zircons from the Naruo porphyry Cu(Au)deposit

      岩性样品编号年龄(Ma)176Yb/177Hf176Lu/177Hf176Hf/177Hf2σ(176Hf/177Hf)iεHf(0)εHf(t)2σtDM1(Ma)tDM2(Ma)fLu/Hf
      含矿花岗闪长斑岩Z01-01119.590.0625600.0018610.2828680.0000160.2828643.395.870.6558801-0.94
      Z01-02121.240.0355510.0010920.2828830.0000160.2828813.946.510.6524761-0.97
      Z01-03121.690.0594760.0016160.2828930.0000140.2828904.296.830.5517741-0.95
      Z01-04120.920.0471340.0014180.2828810.0000150.2828783.856.390.5532768-0.96
      Z01-05121.350.0525650.0014450.2828890.0000160.2828864.136.680.6521750-0.96
      Z01-06120.300.0344500.0010240.2828630.0000150.2828603.215.770.5553808-0.97
      Z01-07122.100.0262990.0007720.2829060.0000160.2829054.757.370.6487707-0.98
      Z01-08121.820.0316570.0009580.2828990.0000130.2828974.507.090.5500724-0.97
      Z01-09120.360.0542500.0016420.2828760.0000130.2828723.676.180.5543781-0.95
      不含矿花岗闪长斑岩Z15-01121.210.0295550.0008310.2828460.0000170.2828452.635.230.6573843-0.97
      Z15-02120.020.0195300.0005650.2828530.0000140.2828522.885.470.5559827-0.98
      Z15-03120.000.0472840.0012600.2828600.0000160.2828573.105.630.6561816-0.96
      Z15-04118.140.0323160.0008410.2827400.0000160.282738-1.151.380.67241086-0.97
      Z15-05120.020.0314310.0008790.2828300.0000150.2828282.054.620.5597881-0.97
      Z15-06120.310.0347900.0009990.2828440.0000150.2828422.545.100.5579851-0.97
      Z15-07118.330.0331190.0009800.2828290.0000160.2828272.014.530.6600885-0.97
      Z15-08119.130.0323670.0010210.2828350.0000150.2828332.234.770.5592871-0.97
      下载: 导出CSV
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    • 收稿日期:  2016-07-15
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