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    地下水与地表水相互作用下硝态氮的迁移转化实验

    闫雅妮 马腾 张俊文 廖曼 王智真

    闫雅妮, 马腾, 张俊文, 廖曼, 王智真, 2017. 地下水与地表水相互作用下硝态氮的迁移转化实验. 地球科学, 42(5): 783-792. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.066
    引用本文: 闫雅妮, 马腾, 张俊文, 廖曼, 王智真, 2017. 地下水与地表水相互作用下硝态氮的迁移转化实验. 地球科学, 42(5): 783-792. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.066
    Yan Ya'ni, Ma Teng, Zhang Junwen, Liao Man, Wang Zhizhen, 2017. Experiment on Migration and Transformation of Nitrate under Interaction of Groundwater and Surface Water. Earth Science, 42(5): 783-792. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.066
    Citation: Yan Ya'ni, Ma Teng, Zhang Junwen, Liao Man, Wang Zhizhen, 2017. Experiment on Migration and Transformation of Nitrate under Interaction of Groundwater and Surface Water. Earth Science, 42(5): 783-792. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.066

    地下水与地表水相互作用下硝态氮的迁移转化实验

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.066
    基金项目: 

    广西矿冶与环境科学实验中心项目 KH2012ZD004

    国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项 2012ZX07204-003-04

    广西高等学校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划项目 002401013001

    中国地质调查局项目 DD20160255

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      闫雅妮(1990-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事地下水氮污染方面的研究工作.ORCID:0000-0003-2688-330X.E-mail: yanyani1990@163.com

      通讯作者:

      马腾,ORCID:0000-0003-2827-9579.E-mail:mateng@cug.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P641.3

    Experiment on Migration and Transformation of Nitrate under Interaction of Groundwater and Surface Water

    • 摘要: 全球水体氮污染形势严峻,且以硝态氮(NO3--N)污染为主,研究地下水与地表水(G-S)相互作用模式对NO3--N在“潜流带”(HZ)中迁移转化的影响是开展水体氮污染综合防控的关键.开展地表水(S)补给地下水(G)(下降流)、地下水(G)补给地表水(S)(上升流)以及交替作用3种模式的NO3--N迁移转化实验,研究表明:3种模式下,出水NO3--N浓度可降低95%以上;上升流中反硝化强度大于下降流;异化还原作用(DNRA)对下降流与上升流出水氨氮(NH4+-N)浓度的贡献分别约为71%和11%;上升流实验后水-土界面有机氮含量是下降流实验后水-土界面的2.3倍.结果表明,G-S相互作用下NO3--N的衰减途径主要包括:合成有机氮、反硝化及DNRA;相互作用模式对各衰减途径的强度存在影响;HZ介质通过吸附NH4+-N和微生物作用合成有机氮的方式截留氮素.

       

    • 图  1  下降流(a)和上升流(b)实验装置

      Fig.  1.  Schematic diagram of down-welling (a) and up-welling (b) experiment device

      图  2  交替实验装置

      Fig.  2.  Sketch of alternate experiment device

      图  3  下降流(a)和上升流(b)实验组出水NO3--N浓度及Cl-浓度变化曲线

      Fig.  3.  The curves of NO3--N concentration and Cl- concentration in the effluent of down-welling (a) and up-welling (b) experiment group

      图  4  上升流(GA)和下降流实验组(SA)出水中DO(a)和NO2--N(b)浓度对比

      Fig.  4.  The curves of DO (a) and NO2--N (b) in the effluent of up-welling (GA) and down-welling experimental groups (SA)

      图  5  下降流(a)实验组、上升流(b)实验组与对照组出水NH4+-N浓度变化曲线

      Fig.  5.  The curves of NH4+-N in the effluent of down-welling (a) and up-welling (b) experimental and control groups

      图  6  下降流(a)和上升流(b)实验组土柱不同深度氮素形态及含量

      Fig.  6.  Nitrogen forms and contents in different depth of the down-welling (a) and up-welling (b) experiment group column

      图  7  交替实验Cl-(a), 出水DO(b), 出水NO3--N及NO2-N(c)和出水NH4+-N(d)度变化曲线

      Fig.  7.  The curves of Cl- (a), DO (b), NO3--N and NO2--N (c) and NH4+-N (d) concentration in the effluent of alternate experiment

      图  8  G-S相互作用下NO3--N在HZ介质中的迁移转化概念模型

      Fig.  8.  Conceptual model of NO3--N migration and transformation in HZ under the G-S interaction

      表  1  实验用土基本理化性质

      Table  1.   The basic physical and chemical properties of experimental soil

      指标干容重
      (g/cm3)
      NO3--N
      (mg/kg)
      NH4+-N
      (mg/kg)
      有机氮
      (mg/kg)
      TN
      (mg/kg)
      数值1.4319.831.33633.06654.22
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  模拟液主要组分及其浓度

      Table  2.   Main components and concentrations in simulated solution

      实验模拟液分组编号Cl-(mg/L)KNO3(以N计,mg/L)CH3COONa(以C计,mg/L)DO(mg/L)
      下降流地表水实验组SA500100171.439~10
      对照组SB500-171.439~10
      上升流地下水实验组GA500100171.43<2
      对照组GB500-171.43<2
      交替地表水实验组SD2505085.729~10
      对照组SE250-85.729~10
      地下水实验组GD-5085.72<2
      对照组GE--85.72<2
      注:表中“-”代表不添加该试剂.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  交替实验组土柱不同深度氮素形态及含量(mg/kg)

      Table  3.   Nitrogen forms and contents in different depth of alternate experimental group column (mg/kg)

      形态深度(cm)NO3--NNH4+-N有机氮TN
      实验前0~1019.831.33633.06654.22
      实验后0~513.008.00728.26749.26
      5~1011.1725.75839.14876.05
      下载: 导出CSV
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