神农架大九湖泥炭湿地CH<sub>4</sub>通量特征及其影响因子

李艳元; 葛继稳; 彭凤姣; 周颖; 李金群; 吴先; 刘奕伶; 张志麒

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2017.071

神农架大九湖泥炭湿地CH₄通量特征及其影响因子

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.071

李艳元^1,2,3,,
葛继稳^1,2,3, ,,
彭凤姣^1,2,3,
周颖^1,2,3,
李金群^1,2,3,
吴先^1,2,3,4,
刘奕伶^1,2,3,5,
张志麒⁶

1.
中国地质大学盆地水文过程与湿地生态恢复学术创新基地，湖北武汉 430074
2.
中国地质大学湿地演化与生态恢复湖北省重点实验室，湖北武汉 430074
3.
中国地质大学生态环境研究所，湖北武汉 430074
4.
武汉智汇元环保科技有限公司，湖北武汉 430079
5.
昆明有色冶金设计研究院股份公司，云南昆明 650051
6.
湖北神农架林区大九湖国家级湿地公园管理局，湖北神农架林区 442417

基金项目:

中国地质大学(武汉)中央高校基本科研业务费专项 1323521225

环境保护部生态环境十年变化遥感调查与评估项目 2012046151

环境保护部生态环境十年变化遥感调查与评估项目 2012046395

中国地质大学(武汉)中央高校基本科研业务费专项 1323521325

详细信息

作者简介:
李艳元(1991-)，女，硕士，主要从事湿地生态学研究.ORCID:0000-0001-6947-4202.E-mail:Sophieyuanba@163.com

通讯作者:
葛继稳，ORCID:0000-0003-0594-4417.E-mail:gejiwen2002@aliyun.com

中图分类号: P421
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-12-17
- 刊出日期: 2017-05-15

Characteristics of Methane Flux and Their Effect Factors on Dajiuhu Peatland of Shennongjia

Li Yanyuan^{1,2,3
,},
Ge Jiwen^{1,2,3
, ,},
Peng Fengjiao^1,2,3,
Zhou Ying^1,2,3,
Li Jinqun^1,2,3,
Wu Xian^1,2,3,4,
Liu Yiling^1,2,3,5,
Zhang Zhiqi⁶

1.
Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
3.
Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
4.
Wuhan Gathering Wisdom Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430079, China
5.
Kunming Engineering & Research Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy Co., Ltd, Kunming 650051, China
6.
Institute of Hubei Shennongjia National Wetland Park Administration Bureau, Shennongjia Forestry District 442417, China

摘要

摘要: 开展大九湖湿地生态系统CH₄通量研究，对深入了解碳循环机制、科学经营以及准确评估湿地生态系统碳收支等方面具有重要意义.以湖北省神农架林区大九湖亚高山泥炭湿地为研究区域，采用涡度相关法对CH₄通量进行原位连续观测，分析了泥炭湿地CH₄通量变化特征及其影响因素.结果表明，大九湖泥炭湿地在2015年8月至2016年5月期间表现为CH₄的源，日通量均值为15.57 nmol·m^-2·s^-1.CH₄通量具有“夜间极大值”(2:00或22:00) 和“三峰模式”(6:00、12:00和22:00) 两种昼夜变化规律；CH₄通量具有明显季节变化规律，8月释放最多(36.46 nmol·m^-2·s^-1)，3月释放最少(3.92 nmol·m^-2·s^-1).相关性分析表明，大九湖泥炭湿地CH₄通量受空气温度(T_a)、土壤温度(T_s)、土壤含水量(SWC)和摩擦风速(U^*)的共同影响；不同时间尺度上，各影响因子与CH₄通量的相关性有所差异.曲线拟合得出，CH₄通量与T_a和T_s呈指数增长趋势，与SWC呈二次曲线关系.
- CH₄通量 /
- 泥炭湿地 /
- 涡度相关 /
- 动态变化 /
- 影响因子 /
- 生态学 /
- 水文地质
Abstract: It is significant to do research on methane flux in Dajiuhu, to understand mechanism of the carbon cycle better, to manage it more scientifically and to assess the carbon balance in wetland ecosystem accurately. By using eddy covariance technique, methane fluxes of Dajiuhu subalpine peatland in Shennongjia Forestry Administrative District of Hubei Province, Central China were observed from August 2015 to May 2016, and temporal variation of methane emission and related affecting factors were investigated. The results show that the peatland ecosystem was methane sources, with the daily average release rate being 15.57 nmol·m^-2·s^-1. During the sampling period, the mean diurnal variations showed a maximum value at night (2:00 or 22:00) and a three-peak pattern all day (6:00, 12:00 and 22:00). The monthly average emission rate of CH₄ decreased rapidly from August(36.46 nmol·m^-2·s^-1), and its valley in March(3.92 nmol·m^-2·s^-1), then increasing gradually from April. The correlation analysis indicates that CH₄ flux was mainly dominated by air temperature (T_a), soil temperature (T_s), soil water content (SWC) and friction velocity (U^*). And their relevance varied with different time scales. The curve fitting shows that CH₄ flux was an exponential correlated with T_a and T_s, and had a good conic relationship with SWC.
- methane flux /
- peatland /
- eddy covariance /
- variation /
- effect factor /
- ecology /
- hydrogeology

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图 1 大九湖泥炭湿地环境因子变化

Fig. 1. Variations of environmental factors in Dajiuhu peatland

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图 2 CH₄通量月平均日变化

a.8月；b.9月；c.10月；d.11月；e.12月；f.1月；g.2月；h.3月；i.4月；j.5月

Fig. 2. Monthly mean diurnal variation of CH₄ flux

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图 3 CH₄通量日平均变化

图中上坐标对应绘制的“CH₄月平均通量变化”条形图；下坐标对应绘制的“CH₄日平均通量变化”折线图

Fig. 3. Daily mean variation of CH₄ flux

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图 4 CH₄日通量与温度的拟合曲线

Fig. 4. Simulated curves of relationship between diurnal CH₄ flux and temperature

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图 5 CH₄日通量与土壤含水量的拟合曲线

Fig. 5. Simulated curves of relationship between diurnal CH₄ flux and soil water content

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表 1 环境因子月平均变化

Table 1. Average monthly changes in environmental factors

年份	月份	T_a(℃)	P(mm)	T_s(℃)			SWC(m³·m^-3)
年份	月份	T_a(℃)	P(mm)	T_s10	T_s20	T_s30	SWC₁₀	SWC₂₀	SWC₃₀
	8	17.90±0.05	123.20±0.15	20.21±0.04	19.54±0.03	18.59±0.02	0.65±0.00	0.63±0.00	0.61±0.00
	9	15.91±0.06	100.90±0.12	17.58±0.04	17.32±0.04	16.99±0.03	0.68±0.00	0.64±0.00	0.61±0.00
2015	10	10.96±0.06	103.22±0.16	13.84±0.05	14.03±0.04	14.27±0.03	0.71±0.00	0.64±0.00	0.62±0.00
	11	7.17±0.10	71.76±0.14	9.54±0.05	10.02±0.03	10.75±0.02	0.79±0.00	0.64±0.00	0.62±0.00
	12	0.07±0.07	22.70±0.04	3.78±0.04	4.79±0.04	6.16±0.04	0.81±0.00	0.65±0.00	0.63±0.00
	1	-1.59±0.11	15.70±0.03	2.01±0.01	2.69±0.01	3.77±0.01	0.81±0.00	0.65±0.00	0.63±0.00
	2	2.53±0.13	32.20±0.07	2.03±0.02	2.36±0.02	3.05±0.01	0.81±0.00	0.65±0.00	0.63±0.00
2016	3	5.17±0.10	96.90±0.15	6.82±0.04	6.50±0.03	6.27±0.02	0.80±0.00	0.65±0.00	0.62±0.00
	4	11.13±0.05	139.10±0.22	12.22±0.03	11.28±0.03	10.35±0.03	0.76±0.00	0.64±0.00	0.62±0.00
	5	14.00±0.07	168.30±0.18	15.43±0.03	14.63±0.02	13.75±0.01	0.65±0.00	0.62±0.00	0.59±0.00
均值		8.21±0.06	2.91±0.13	10.25±0.05	10.23±0.05	10.31±0.04	0.75±0.00	0.64±0.00	0.62±0.00
注：T_s10.地面以下10 cm处土壤温度；T_s20.地面以下20 cm处土壤温度；T_s30.地面以下30 cm处土壤温度；SWC₁₀.地面以下10 cm处土壤含水量；SWC₂₀.地面以下20 cm处土壤含水量；SWC₃₀.地面以下30 cm处土壤含水量.

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表 2 各环境因子的相关性分析

Table 2. Correlations analysis of different factors

	T_a	T_s10	T_s20	T_s30	SWC₁₀	SWC₂₀	SWC₃₀	U^*
F_hh	0.460^**	0.565^**	0.584^**	0.597^**	-0.537^**	-0.529^**	-0.491^**	0.032^**
F_d	0.700^**	0.798^**	0.817^**	0.835^**	-0.754^**	-0.732^**	-0.692^**	-0.064
F_m	0.830^**	0.891^**	0.903^**	0.927^**	-0.830^**	-0.842^**	-0.806^**	-0.503
注：“*”表示在置信度(双测)为0.01时，相关性是显著的.F_hh.半小时的CH₄通量；F_d.CH₄日平均通量；F_m.CH₄月平均通量；T_a.空气温度；U^.摩擦风速.

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神农架大九湖泥炭湿地CH₄通量特征及其影响因子

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.071

作者简介:
李艳元(1991-)，女，硕士，主要从事湿地生态学研究.ORCID:0000-0001-6947-4202.E-mail:Sophieyuanba@163.com

通讯作者:
葛继稳，ORCID:0000-0003-0594-4417.E-mail:gejiwen2002@aliyun.com

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Characteristics of Methane Flux and Their Effect Factors on Dajiuhu Peatland of Shennongjia

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神农架大九湖泥炭湿地CH4通量特征及其影响因子

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.071

作者简介: 李艳元(1991-)，女，硕士，主要从事湿地生态学研究.ORCID:0000-0001-6947-4202.E-mail:Sophieyuanba@163.com

通讯作者: 葛继稳，ORCID:0000-0003-0594-4417.E-mail:gejiwen2002@aliyun.com

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Characteristics of Methane Flux and Their Effect Factors on Dajiuhu Peatland of Shennongjia

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神农架大九湖泥炭湿地CH₄通量特征及其影响因子

作者简介:
李艳元(1991-)，女，硕士，主要从事湿地生态学研究.ORCID:0000-0001-6947-4202.E-mail:Sophieyuanba@163.com

通讯作者:
葛继稳，ORCID:0000-0003-0594-4417.E-mail:gejiwen2002@aliyun.com